Nervous System

A neural impulse is similar to an electrical signal in three ways:

1. there are electrical voltages involved in the movement of the neural impulse;

2. an electrical signal can convey information, as can a neural impulse;

3. an electrical signal can cause an action, like a car starter switch starting the engine, and a neural impulse can cause a muscle to contract to move a limb.

(note that with respect to the voltages involved in the neural impulse, the voltages are created by the movement of chemicals, charged particles called ions, somewhat similar to how batteries produce voltages.)

(also note that the neural impulse is the signal which moves along the axon, as an action potential.)

Sensory receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, and muscle.

Reflex nerve pathway is a monosynaptic transmission. There are no interneurons involved. Only the limb that carries the afferent nerve impulse from the stimulus and the efferent motor function for the reflex involved. That is why it is faster. Normal nerve transmission require an interpretation of the impulse by the brain whereas reflex pathways do not. Another reason is because most reflexes from the exteroreceptors travel along myelinated axons (white matter) which carry the impulse faster than other neurons that have unmyelinated axons (grey matter).

The precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe is the amount of brain tissue that corresponds to a function of a particular body part.

the answer i found was the foot. sorry if i am wrong.
Another place to consider is the fold of the arm. If you have someone touch your arm while you are looking and then have them without you looking touch several places on your are it is difficult to know when they return to the exact place they originally touched. You do have nerves in your arms but the endings are few.

Trigeminal. I took 28 hours in anatomy....

The Brain but also the Heart This is why a heart can continue to beat even after it is cut out of the body. Tachycardia sufferers have a problem with the heart beating extremely rapidly. this can now be treated by lazering the part of the heart that causes the excessive heart rate

The sinoatrial node (S-A node) or pacemaker

The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system will do both plus many other things. It prepares the body for what is called the 'fight or flight' response. The body will try to get rid of anything that may slow you down. That includes the urge to urinate and defecate and even empty the stomach by throwing up. Your heart and blood pressure will increase and you will begin to sweat. You may have had this happen with a very scary event at one time or another.

Beta blockers are a class of drugs that target the beta receptor. Beta receptors are found on cells of the heart muscles, smooth muscles, airways, arteries, kidneys, and other tissues that are part of the sympathetic nervous system. These blockers interfere with the binding of epinephrine to the beta site and weaken the effects of stress hormones. They slow down the heart rate and are used for high blood pressure, mostly.

Color, texture, scent, sound, and taste are some types of information that you get through your senses. You could probably also say intuition, depending on how you define your senses.

Absolutely. think of a new-born baby - constantly crying and hypersensitive to most things. their nervous system is developing/just developed. Particularly with disease - as this can make you hypersensitive and your nervous system 'on alert' i suppose. :)

When the nervous system breaks down, it can lead to various neurological disorders and symptoms such as muscle weakness, numbness, tingling, memory problems, and difficulty with coordination. Severe breakdowns can result in conditions like stroke, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, or Alzheimer's disease. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and may include medication, therapy, or surgery.

Shwann Cells-PNS

Oligodendrocytes-CNS

Both form the neurolemma

First of all, the nervous system is like the central commanding centre of the body. Your breathing rate, homeostasis, your muscle movement - almost all systemic activities are regualted by the nervous system. When the nervous system gets disconnected from the rest of the body as in the case of a break in the spinal cord (for example), paralysis can occur. This is because the body as a whole needs instructions and these instructions have to be given by some organ/organ system.

Take for example, a simple problem like dehydration. Your blood volume can decrease, which means your blood pressure can fall. When such an event occurs, hormones are secreted via a cascade to allow retention of more quantity of water from the kidney while filtration, allowing your blood volume to come back to some semblance of normalcy.

So, each little environmental or internal event that can hamper the normal functioning of the body is counteracted by the decisions of the nervous system. Even muscular movement, especially involuntary, could not occur without the guidance of the nervous system. As such, the nervous system is the most important system in the body.

The difference is: every kind of cell has a different job, example: red blood cells have something called "hemoglobin" and it's for absorbing oxygen for the red blood cell to carry around the blood system, while muscle cells are for making you move.

it is connected because the centeral nervous system sends infor mation to for example move an arm or th do some sort of action in order to respond to a signal triggered by your centeral nervous system- Dr. Park

All vertebrates have ganglia of some sort, but there are many different types of ganglia, from dorsal and spinal to autonomic, basal, sympathetic, and other types. Humans have basal ganglia, which makes up a section of the brain.

All the cells in the human body, including the nerve cells, have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) (except the sperms and egg cells, which have 23 chromosomes each).

The cell body, called the SOMA, is the main part of the neuron. It is the main metabolic center or region of the neuron.

The neuron has 3 parts: DENDRITES (inputs), SOMA (cell body), and AXON (output). The axon is the part which FIRES when sufficient inputs reach it at the axon hillock.

The nervous system can be damaged by trauma, drugs, a whole lot of diseases, or damage to the spine, among other things.

You have thousands of nerves that are part of the PNS.
Divisions of the peripheral nervous system include the afferent (sensory) division and the efferent (motor) division. The nerves coming from all the senses and the nerves going to glands and muscles are included.
The efferent division is divided further into the somatic motor nervous system and the
somatic nervous system which includes all voluntary motor pathways outside the central nervous system.

the brain

The skeletal system does many things, the most obvious one almost everything thinks of instantly is support. That is one of the main functions but this system has many more. It is where RBC's (red blood cells) are produced. It's where our body stores most of our calcium, and it regulates the amount of calcium in our body. It gives a ground on which muscles can move, and the big one.. movement, with the aid of muscles of course.

Most neurotransmitters are removed by being taken up by the presynaptic or postsynaptic neurones however acetylcholine is the prime exeption to this as is actually destroyed in the synaptic cleft by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. The reason this must happen is that otherwise the neurotransmitter would be left in the cleft where it would continue to evoke a response in the postsynaptic cell for longer than it should. For this reason reuptake and catabolic enzymes are often the targets of drugs gieven to treat neurological disorders. Another possible problem is wastage, if the neurotransmitter is left in the cleft it may difuse away and be wasted giving the presynaptic neurone more work to do creating more.