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Operating Systems
Operating systems, both proprietary and open-source, include those produced by Microsoft, Linux, and Apple Mac
4,423 Questions
Generally, it will be single-user, single tasking.
What is difference and similar between loosely-coupled system and tightly-coupled system?
The way I understand it is, that tightly coupled architecture does not provide a lot of flexibility for change when compared to loosely coupled architecture.
For eg., if two disparate systems exchange messages, the message format has to be the same if they are tightly coupled. If the source uses java, the receiver should be able to read the message using java. Also, if any change is made is made to the source or the receiver systems, the other end has to be modified appropriately.
But in case of loosely coupled architectures, message formats or operating platforms or revamping the business logic does not impact the other end. If the system is taken down for a revamp, of course the other end will not be able to access the service for a while but other than that, the unchanged end can resume message exchange as it was before the revamp.
Give 5 real life example of stacks?
a) The processing of procedure calls and their terminations in computer programming. b) Arrangement of granules in chlorophylls. c) Arrangement of Plates on over another. The plate at the bottom of the plate hype is washed and kept first but, it is used or comes out last. d) Chapattis cooked first are placed at the bottom in the Tiffin and the last cooked id at the top in the Tiffin. e) Arrangement of chairs on over another. The chair which is put in first lies last when comes out.
How Operating system functions?
A process is an environment in which a program executes. They run in the background and provide a common language that allows the operating system to interface with the installed hardware & software to support any applications running on the system.
A process is simply a group of code in memory. It is a collective task grouping that accomplishes one particular need. It is an active program entry that has its state and context, a share of resources such as memory, registers and others.
It is sequence of microoperations that run and perform one job, and a well defined context at which instant it is executing the task. A process is an active program entry that takes a part of CPU. For more detail, study OS fundamentals in nearly any OS book.
What is one type of operating system?
The different types of operating system are as follows:-
Real-time Operating System: It is a multitasking operating system that aims at executing real-time applications. Real-time operating systems often use specialized scheduling algorithms so that they can achieve a deterministic nature of behavior. The main object of real-time operating systems is their quick and predictable response to events. They either have an event-driven or a time-sharing design. An event-driven system switches between tasks based of their priorities while time-sharing operating systems switch tasks based on clock interrupts.
Multi-user and Single-user Operating Systems: The operating systems of this type allow a multiple users to access a computer system concurrently. Time-sharing system can be classified as multi-user systems as they enable a multiple user access to a computer through the sharing of time. Single-user operating systems, as opposed to a multi-user operating system, are usable by a single user at a time. Being able to have multiple accounts on a Windows operating system does not make it a multi-user system. Rather, only the network administrator is the real user. But for a Unix-like operating system, it is possible for two users to login at a time and this capability of the OS makes it a multi-user operating system.
Multi-tasking and Single-tasking Operating Systems: When a single program is allowed to run at a time, the system is grouped under a single-tasking system, while in case the operating system allows the execution of multiple tasks at one time, it is classified as a multi-tasking operating system. Multi-tasking can be of two types namely, pre-emptive or co-operative. In pre-emptive multitasking, the operating system slices the CPU time and dedicates one slot to each of the programs. Unix-like operating systems such as Solaris and Linux support pre-emptive multitasking. Cooperative multitasking is achieved by relying on each process to give time to the other processes in a defined manner. MS Windows prior to Windows 95 used to support cooperative multitasking.
Distributed Operating System: An operating system that manages a group of independent computers and makes them appear to be a single computer is known as a distributed operating system. The development of networked computers that could be linked and communicate with each other, gave rise to distributed computing. Distributed computations are carried out on more than one machine. When computers in a group work in cooperation, they make a distributed system.
Embedded System: The operating systems designed for being used in embedded computer systems are known as embedded operating systems. They are designed to operate on small machines like PDAs with less autonomy. They are able to operate with a limited number of resources. They are very compact and extremely efficient by design. Windows CE, FreeBSD and Minix 3 are some examples of embedded operating systems.
What is a closed source operating system?
An OS where the source code isn't released to the public. Windows and Mac are 2 examples.
What are non preemptive scheduling algorithms?
Strictly speaking, nonpreemptive scheduling is when the scheduler does not stop the process from running in order to switch it with a different process, but instead, it lets the process to complete and then schedules a different process depending on the a scheduling algorithm is uses.
How do you use a computer without a mouse?
You can use your keyboard instead of a mouse. This is done by a number of keys.
The tab key - this will move from link to link on a web page.
The ALT key - A example being on a web page, up at the top above the address bar, you will see File, Edit, View etc. Under each of these headings, one letter has a underline underneath it. File is F, Edit is E etc. The alt key, allows you to use which ever key is underlined to access the other drop down menu's. Each of these will also have a letter underlined, to access other options.
The arrow keys will allow you to do pretty much the same thing.
Control with a letter. example, instead of right clicking and copy, do Control C.
Instead of right click, and paste. Do control V
Instead of going to file, print, do control P.
Instead of right click and cut, do control X.
There are a number of different keys which can be used with the control key.
Hope this helps
Be safe
What utility would you use to realign the file structure to optimize the performance?
defrag/Defragment
How computer viruses effect operating system?
Computer virus or of various types and signatures. In general whenever your computer behaves abnormally than it is said that your computer has virus. Operating System: Windows can be considered as a Synonym for OS and in particular Windows OS is stored in ur C drive. In C drive u have program files; which have all ur OS stuff. Virus: Any download from net or any attachment in ur mail or if u have copied any file from ur memory stick can have a auto run program which needs a trigger. Trigger can be anything; it can be when u clicked the .exe file or u opened the attachment. the address mentioned in that virus will be something like \\C:Program files\win 32 this is sufficient to ruin ur OS; once win 32 is infected ur OS will do rock and roll I hope above information was relevant. thanks sahil
What is the role of operating system in memory management?
Role of the Memory management unit in Operating system Every program for its execution requires some space in computer memory which is provided by memory management unit using virtual memory that provides the external storage addressing location for the programs that does not have too much space in main memory for their execution and saved them in secondary memory but when required loaded them again in main memory. This deallocation and reallocation of programs in main memory deals with concurrency. At last, we say that loading capabilities of programs with the memory addressing is there in it.
What is a 32 bit operating system?
The number of bits is determined by the processor. Early microprocessors were 4 or 8 bit; the machine instructions were essentially 4 or 8 bits wide and the processor performed arithmatic in 4 or 8 bit "chunks". Later processors used 16, 32 or 64 bits and advanced processors can switch between different "modes" of operation. The principle advantage of more bits is that more memory can be addressed, arithmatic operations can deal with bigger numbers and instructions can be more "complicated". However, to make use of the different processor sizes, the operating system must be designed to use the bigger processors; most versions of Windows are 32 bit - the operating system software is compiled for use on 32 bit processors. Microsoft also sell 64 bit versions of Windows which are compiled for 64 bit processors.
What are construction scheduling applications?
In addition to employee and family social events, sales contests and other morale building activities, Sun Design practices "open-book management," regularly providing employees with company financial data and other information so they can understand their work in the context of the whole organization.
What is the Mac equivalent of MS Paint?
There is not a native equivalent on Mac OS, but you could try Paintbrush, it is free.
History and timeline of operating system?
The earliest computers were mainframe-computerthat lacked any form of Answers.com
Read more: history-of-operating-systems
What are 3 examples of a operating system?
There are several examples of operating systems available. The most popular and widely used operating systems are Microsoft Windows, Apple macOS, Linux, and Google's Android. These operating systems are used by millions of people around the world.
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Majour function of computer operating system?
Operating system is the system which bridge the gap between the computer user and hardware peripherals. It also associate all the hardwares properly. OS acts as the nervous system in the human body.
What is Multiprogramming in Operating System?
If the machine has the capability of causing an interrupt after a specified time interval, then the operating system will execute each program for a given length of time, regain control, and then execute another program for a given length of time, and so on. In the absence of this mechanism, the operating system has no choice but to begin to execute a program with the expectation, but not the certainty, that the program will eventually return control to the operating system.
If the machine has the capability of protecting memory , then a bug in one program is less likely to interfere with the execution of other programs. In a system without memory protection, one program can change the contents of storage assigned to other programs or even the storage assigned to the operating system. The resulting system crashes are not only disruptive, they may be very difficult to debug since it may not be obvious which of several programs is at fault.
A Multi programming or Multi tasking Operating system is the one which is capable of running multiple processes or tasks, by sharing the common resources like CPU. These operating systems use the concepts task-scheduling and context-switching for implementing the multitasking ability.
Task scheduling algorithms will identify the task to be run at a given time (time slice) and also which is the next task to run. These tasks will be queued for processing.
Context switching is a process, to store and restore the state of a CPU. When a process is executed the state of the CPU with respect to that process will be restored and while completing the time slice, the present state will be stored.
what is multiprogramming system in operating system?
where more than one program can pe execute at one time
What is the importance of studying an operating system?
To learn how an operating system performs its duties is to garner insight into how a computer functions at its innermost levels. This leads to insight on how to write device drivers (for example, hardware manufacturers would benefit from this type of study), how to write applications with improved performance and stability, or even how to write an operating system of your own (maybe for some special hardware you created, or whatever other reason one could think of).
What describes a collection of hardware components that function together as a system?
Do you want a software to collect the computer‘s hardware information from LAN ？
What happens during Operating System loading process?
An operating system loads via the memory of a computer. The specific area that gets the operating system to load is called the boot loader.
What are the most popular operating syatems?
As of September 2009, the most common desktop operating system is Windows XP, with about 70% of the market share. Next is Windows Vista, with 18% of the market share. Mac OS X 10.5 is next with 3% of the market share. Windows 7 has 1.5% of the market share. Mac OS X 10.4 has about 1% and is virtually tied with Linux.
Have you used more than one type of operating system if so then which one is best and why?
There isn't one.
Each operating system is what we call 'fit for purpose', meaning it's the best at what it does.
A lot of people like Windows (XP) because it's the most popular and you're pretty much guaranteed compatibility with both hardware and software.
But some like Apple OS, they make cool stuff like MP3 players and phones too. And, of course, its main selling feature is the fact that there has never been a reported virus on a Mac. There have been internally developed proof-of-concepts as well a security flaws and vulnerabilities in various releases of Apple software, but there has never been a full blown Mac virus in the same vein as those so prevalent on the PC.
And I like Linux, why? It's free. That's free as in virus-free, software-free and cost-free. You get a new operating systemas often as your Windows friends get 'windows updates' or your Apple friends get a new song...
But really... it all down to personal preference.
