0
Particle Physics
Relatively recent experimental results have confirmed what philosophers throughout history had theorized all along; that all matter is made up of elementary particles. Those curious about this cutting-edge field of physics known as particle physics should post their questions here, including those about fundamental particles, fundamental forces, Grand Unified Theories, and the extraordinary devices that have been or need to be engineered to research them.
3,842 Questions
How many valence electrons does nitrogen z equals 7 have?
Five: When z equals 7, the total number of electrons must also be 7, but 2 of them are in the filled inner shell of a nitrogen atom and therefore are not valence electrons.
What is a radioactive gas with 136 neutrons?
The radioactive gas with 136 neutrons is Radon-220, also known as thoron. It is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that is part of the decay chain of uranium-232. Thoron is produced by the decay of radium-224 and has a half-life of about 55 seconds.
What is found in the electron clound of an atom?
In the electron cloud of an atom, you can find electrons, which are negatively charged particles that orbit around the nucleus. Electrons are responsible for forming chemical bonds and determining the atom's reactivity and properties.
How many lone pairs of electrons are in C3H6O?
The answer is 2 since the Oxygen is double bonded with a carbon O=C
How many subatomic particles are there in the nucleus of a carbon atom?
In a 12C carbon atom, there are 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. (98.8%)
In a 13C carbon atom, there are 6 protons, 7 neutrons, and 6 electrons. (1.2%)
In a 14C carbon atom, there are 6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 electrons.
There are only trace amounts in Nature of 14C carbon which is radioactive and decays with a halflife of 5730 years
Carbon-12, the most common isotope, has 6 Protons, 6 Electrons, and 6 Neutrons.
Does gold lend give or share electrons?
Gold usually exists as a cation (some integer amount of positive charge) in solutions so it's a giver. It bonds covalently though, so it's also a sharer.
Is it possible to prove that a tachyon exists?
There is currently no experimental evidence to prove the existence of tachyons, hypothetical particles that travel faster than the speed of light. Theoretical frameworks, such as some interpretations of quantum field theory, suggest their existence, but they still remain purely theoretical and have not been detected.
How can a neutrino or charm quark have a mass of less than zero?
For now, no particle has a mass less than zero. The Electron Neutrino for example has a mass of 0.0000079 eV (Or something like that). And the Charm quark has a mass of 1.29 GeV. Maybe you mistook it with spin or charge?
How do you find out how many valence electrons are in a molecule?
The valence electrons are the electrons in the last shell or energy level of an atom. They do show a repeating or periodic pattern. The valence electrons increase in number as you go across a period. Then when you start the new period, the number drops back down to one and starts increasing again.
1A
2A
3B
4B
5B
6B
7B
------8B------
1A
2A
3A
4A
5A
6A
7A
8A
H
1
He
2*
Li
1
Be
2
B
3
C
4
N
5
O
6
F
7
Ne
8
Na
1
Ar
8
K
1
Sc
3
Ti
4
V
5
Cr
6
Mn
7
Fe
8
Co
8
Ni
8
Cu
1
Zn
2
Kr
8
For example, when you go across the table from carbon to nitrogen to oxygen, the number of valence electrons increases from 4 to 5 to 6. As we go from fluorine to neon to sodium, the number of valence electrons increases from 7 to 8 and then drops down to 1 when we start the new period with sodium. Within a group--starting with carbon and going down to silicon and germanium--the number of valence electrons stays the same.
- Every electron that's a valence electron in an atom is also a valence electron in a molecule formed by that atom. For example, an atom of carbon has 4 valence electrons. That means the carbon atom in carbon dioxide CO2 must contribute 4 valence electrons to the carbon dioxide molecule.
- An electron that is added to or subtracted from a molecule to make a polyatomic ion is assumed to be a valence electron.
These facts let you count the valence electrons in the N2[CH3]42+ion in two steps:
- Add up the valence electrons from each atom that forms the molecule.
Sometimes it helps to write the simplest form of the chemical formula vertically while you do this:
N2
2 x 5 = 10
( 2 nitrogen atoms, each with 5 valence electrons )
C4
4 x 4 =16
( 4 carbon atoms, each with 4 valence electrons )
H12
12 x 1 = 12
( 12 hydrogen atoms, each with 1 valence electron )
38
total valence electrons from the atoms
- Add or subtract valence electrons to account for the charge on the molecule.
For example, if the molecule has a charge of -1, add 1 valence electron. If the molecule has a charge of -2, add 2 valence electrons. On the other hand, if the molecule has a charge of +1 , subtract 1 valence electron, and if the molecule has a charge of +2, subtract 2 valence electrons.
- In this case, since the N2[CH3]42+ion has a charge of +2 we need to subtract 2 valence electrons , for a new total of 36 valence electrons.
It seems like there might be a typo in your question. If you meant "nucleus," it is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells that contains the cell's DNA and functions as the control center of the cell. It regulates gene expression and coordinates cell activities.
The force that keeps the electron in the orbit is the?
Electrostatic force between the electron and the positively charged nucleus.
The energy of the electron in electron volts can be calculated by using the formula E (in electron volts) = V (volts) * e, where "e" is the elementary charge of an electron (approximately 1.6 x 10^-19 coulombs). Plugging in the values, E = 9000 V * 1.6 x 10^-19 C ≈ 1.44 x 10^-15 electron volts.
Which element has 87 electrons?
The chemical element with atomic number 57 is Lanthanum (La). It has 57 electrons in 6 shells. It is a Lanthanide, as it is what the rest of the Lanthanides are based on. It is naturally occuring and non-radioactive.
What subatomic particle has an approximate mass of 1840?
It is probable an error: the electron has a mass equal with 1/1836 from the mass of proton or neutron.
Is dark matter related to antimatter in any way?
No, dark matter is entirely different from antimatter. For one, we know a lot about antimatter and have been able to do experiments with it and actually utilize it in some nuclear reactions.
Dark matter is a theory to help understand why the universe does not behaive the way we believed it should. Galaxies are showing that they do not have enough mass to have the gravitational effects that they do, so there must be matter somewhere, this is labeled as dark matter.
Is the number Protons the same as electrons?
Yes.
# of protons = # of electrons = atomic #
Ex. K (Potassium) = atomic #: 19
# of protons: 19
# of electrons: 19
They are in an uncharged or unionized atom. For example carbon (C) has 6 protons and 6 electrons the cation of carbon (with a positive charge) (C+) has 6 protons but only 5 electrons.
So yes, in a standard atom, the number of protons=the number of electrons
What does the phrase sea of electrons mean?
A sea of electrons can be found in metals.
The positive ions are arranged in fixed positions, while the electrons 'float' or 'wander' among the the positive ions.
This makes metals good conductors of electricity.
-----------------
Electrons of metals flow freely
How many neutrons does 121Sb have?
121Sb has 71 neutrons. This can be calculated by subtracting the atomic number of antimony (Sb), which is 51, from the mass number, which is 121.
How do you count the number of neutrons and protons in an atom?
The number of protons in an atom is its atomic number, which you can find on the periodic table. To calculate the number of neutrons, subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass listed on the periodic table.
How many protons nucleus have?
It depends on what atom it is, the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom or ion defines what type of atom it is.
Are electrons equal to newtrons?
No, electrons and neutrons are not equal. Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom, while neutrons are neutral subatomic particles found in the nucleus along with protons. Each plays a critical role in the structure and behavior of an atom.
What element has 36 electrons?
Krypton (Kr) is the neutral element with 36 electrons, but there are ions (elements that have lost or gained electrons) that can have 36 electrons as well. This includes arsenic, selenium, bromine, rubidium, strontium, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, and indium.
What is the difference between a positron and electron and a nutrino?
A positron is like an electron in every way but charge, electrons having -1, positrons having +1. In other words, they're a positron is an electron's antiparticle. Neutrinos are chargeless, pointlike, nearly massless particles associated with electron and positron decays that exist in order to preserve the conservation of energy, momentum and angular momentum in these decay processes.
What is the cellular movement of a substance that requires the use of energy?
Active transport is the cellular movement of a substance that requires the use of energy, typically in the form of ATP. This process involves the movement of molecules or ions against their concentration gradient, from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.
How many neutrons protons and electrons in fluorine?
The atomic number of fluorine is 9. So it has 9 protons and 9 electrons.
Number of neutrons depends on the isotope.
Number of neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number
F-19 has 10 neutrons
