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Romanticism (Romantic Era)
Romanticism was an intellectual movement of the late 18th to mid-19th centuries that influenced many works of literature, art, and music. It placed great emphasis on the individual, the transcendental, and emotions. A deep reverence for the beauty of nature and for the exotic was also important to the movement.
531 Questions
What describes the relationship between Neoclassicism and Romanticism?
Neoclassical literature is literature that was prevalent in the age of Neoclassicism. Neoclassicism is a name given to the movements in decorative art, literature, music, theater, and architecture; these movements were mainly dominant in the mid eighteenth to the end of the nineteenth century. Works in the Neoclassical movements are considered today as "the classics." These works include Antonio Canova's Psyche Revived by Love's Kiss and Andrea Appiani's Laure De Guesnon De Bonneuil.
Romantic literature was the new writing "style" that rose from the ashes of the Age of Reason. Romantic literature was a style of writing that was based upon the foundation of the individual self rather than that of society as a whole, a sort of individualism as it was commonly called. Fantasy, science-fiction, and supernatural literature were brought about in the age of Romanticism. Gothic literature was a product of Romanticism. Writers of the romantic and Gothic literature include Edgar Allen Poe, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Washington Irving, and Henry David Thoreau.
The Enlightenment arrived in the early 18th century and attempted to apply Newton's Physics to all of life. The Declaration of Independence and Constitution of the United States were documents of the Enlightenment. At the same time this was happening, a number of people simply had to escape the new creations of the Industrial Revolution.
Then one man, Rousseau, assumed leadership of the movement. He praised the movement. He praised the out of doors. Getting in touch with feelings became important. He wrote down his ideas on education in a book called, "Emil." Those ideas are still used today. His concept was "The General Will." The name has changed to, "The Sense of the Group." His ideas turned into the French Revolution.
In England, the movement became literary with Wordsworth, Coleridge, Scott, Browning, and others leading the way.
In the United States, the movement became literary and Unitarian with the Transcendentalists such as Emerson, Alcott, and Thoreau, leading the movement.
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Answer from Chris:
Romanticism provided a countertendency to neoclassical style during the war
that Naploeon instigated in Spain with Charles IV. It also showed originality
during the French Revolution stating that no author or painter should imitate
another. The artists at this time were fascinated by the strange and the
marvelous, and by dreams and the occult.
What are the major differences between Romanticism and Neoclassicism art?
Classicism and Naturalism were the two trends in Renaissance art. Naturalism is artwork based on direct observation of nature. Classicism is artwork created by using mathematics for pictorial composition: order, balance, stability, etc.
The chronological relationship between Neoclassicism and Romanticism in English literary history?
The Neoclassical period of English literature, also known as the Long 18th Century, began in 1660 and ended in 1789 CE. The Romanticism period of English literature began in 1798 and ended in 1832 CE.
What are themes in romanticism?
Romanticism is an early American art form, such as literature and painting, that stressed a strong connection with natural surroundings.
Are you ready?
ART:
German Romanticism: God is the foundation, Hope and Faith give you the freedom to explore (the wanderer is very important). You find truth and perfection in nature, or while wandering nature.
Examples: artist: Runge
peice: Morning:
-Jesus is presented as a baby: potential of youth
-grand scenery: a baby can achieve so much, the upward and outward flow shows the limitless potential of youth
-Plant bulb (next to baby) grows to flower (next to older child) more on youth's potential to be amazing.
Main focus is to show the potential of youth.
piece: Untitled:
-Vague outline of Christ=hope (not suffering)
Nature overgrowing Crucifix: unification between the natural and spiritual
Frederick:
Wandere above a sea of Fog:
-Man is above and greater than all other things, but Nature is where god is found: the pastoral scene flows upward. mountain in background=god sloping hills lead to center in/of man. God is greater but outreaching.
-Biblical: "Jesus tells Peter 'and on this rock I build my church [referrring to Peter]'"=through man, specifically the wanderer is the new Peter
-Unclarity of painting=unlimited possibility of the future
-unclear character=not limited by gender, money, or anything
-all you need is faith, nature, and hope, not wealth: Mind and Soul!
Main Ideas of German Romanticism:
-Youth has unlimited potential
-the wanderer
-Knowledge = suffering - Faust
-Awe of nature
-Imagination inspires - "Hope" by Schiller
-Technology and Science inferior to nature - "sea of ice" Frederick
-Faith in God=hope
Sorry, but I need to finish something so for American and British Romanticism I cannot analyze the paintings for you, but I'll give you the main ideas and some good paintings / writings to look at:
American Romanticsim:
-God is present in all that is good - "Gods" - Whitman
-Spiritual Oneness - "Gods" - Whitman
-Life has a purpose - "A Psalm of Life" - Logfellow
-Live in the present - Song of Myself - Whitman, and A Psalm of life
-Freedom of Religion - Gods.
I think theses are all writings but don't remember. just remember that America "escaped" the empires of Europe, and is focused more on freedoms. Big emphasis on that Europe has failed, but that you sould only worry about living in the present.
ART:
-"Voyage of Life" - Cole
-"Course of Empire: Desolation" - Cole -Very anti-establishment
"Iceburgs" - Church
also: Edgar Allen Poe - Dark Romanticism, life is futile and meaningless...
British Romanticism: More focused on the mysterious and supernatural. Nightmares and what not.
-Frankenstein - Mary Shelly
-The Nightmare - Fuseli
-The Night hag visiting the Lapland witches.
Key Points:
-Anti-Establishment
-power of youth, but fades with influence of society
-Fascination with monsters
-Nature (of course!)
-Man is brought down by society
Knowledge and Science = EVIL. The downward spiral of the life of Dr. Frankenstein is a great example of this!
Sorry, I'm way out of time! There is also Spanish Romanticism, but it wasn't as major. Just remember the main focus is on Nature for all types of Romanticism. Hope this helps.
What are the major ideas of romanticism?
Change is imminent.
Social injustices will be corrected through social change.
What was the innovation of romanticism?
The innovation of romanticism was to get away from the rationalism of the Enlightenment period and delve into the raw and untamed emotional nature of humanity. From 1790-1840 literary works of art were focused on inspiration in the moment and the deep emotions that are common in all people.
What are the characteristics of the art form of romanticism?
The main characteristics of the romantic period are: 1). a closeness to nature 2). a love of folk culture, notable songs and stories 3). making of romantic love a law unto itself, transcending conventional morality 4). a greater freedom of expression in the arts 5). the pursuit of emotional rapture
When was the Romanticism period?
Romaticism in literature and the arts in Germany had its heyday from about 1795-1830 or slightly later and continued in a rather trite form for several decades. Please note that by no means all works produced in this period were Romantic. Germany also had a very strong pre-Romantic movement in literature in particular.
How does romanticism relate to nationalism?
Both romanticism and nationalism are movements that focus on positive overstatements of culture, politics, and values. They tend to paint with large brushes about emotional histories and developments. Specifically, romanticism was an oversimplification and love of European culture, traditions, and identity. It created the up-swell in pride for national identity that gave nationalism a strong footing.
What was the relationship between romanticism and nationalism?
National law has supremacy over state law.
Romanticism influence on nationalism in 19th century?
Both romanticism and nationalism are movements that focus on positive overstatements of culture, politics, and values. They tend to paint with large brushes about emotional histories and developments. Specifically, romanticism was an oversimplification and love of European culture, traditions, and identity. It created the up-swell in pride for national identity that gave nationalism a strong footing.
What could characterize the romanticism movement?
Romanticism movement is characterized by its large focus on getting closer to environment. Romantics also relied heavily on expressive pieces and protested societal standards.
What are facts about the Romanticism Period?
They believed that the young and innocent were no better than the old and educated.
Romanticism is a movement that impacted every area of the liberal arts. Painting, music and literature all took a definite turn towards "going back to nature" and rejected the industrialization of modern society. Many authors were responsible for the establishment of romanticism in literature:
William Wordsworth
John Keats
Mary Shelley
Percy Shelley
William Blake
Samuel Coleridge
However most prominently were the poets Wordsworth and Coleridge who are often accredited with starting the movement in the written world.
How does war and revolution lead to a period of romanticism?
because all the men are gone during the war, and when they return there is opportunity to renew romantic feelings
Yes.
Who served as an impetus for Romanticism taking root in 19th-century England?
a rebellion against the eighteenth century's neoclassical emphasis on rules, reason, and restraint
What is educational romanticism?
Belief that all children CAN achieve above average results and be successful if they put in the effort.
