Russian Revolutions

Immediately after the revolution, Trotsky became the first Commissar of Foreign Affairs. Then at the outset of the Russian Civil War he became Commissar of War. He organized the Red Army in order to fight the opposing White Russian forces.

The Russian Revolution had a powerful impact on Russia. It changed the system of government from a monarchy to communism and destroyed the serfdom system. The Russian Revolution set up the beginnings of a new, more modern Russia.

Defeat in Russo-Japanese War (1904 - 1905) provoked the First Russian Revolution in 1905. Thereafter Tsarist's disordered foreign policy played significant role in starting World War I ("Great War"). In the very first days of war one Russian army was near utterly destroyed in East Prussia ("Tannenberg"), the other, commanded by general Rennenkampf, sustained heavy losses and beat a hasty retreat. The second of war's years - 1915 - was especially disastrous despite some successes in battles against Austria. To the end of 1916 situation stabilized but still human losses were heavy and economics was in visible disarray. In the beginning of 1917 there was some premature hope that Germany, Austria, Turkey and Bulgaria were at the end of their tether and final victory was at hand. In the same time leaders of Russian Parlement - "State Duma" - began to harbor seriouos suspicion that Tsar Nicolaus if victorious would try to suppress civil liberties and to abolish constitutional order. Another factor to be reckoned with was general public dissatisfaction with many hardships caused by war and governmental ineptitude. In minds of many false optimism was mingled with feelings of frustration, instability and nervousness. During such time there is always a danger that some event might trigger a whole series of unforeseen consequences. That was the case with incident at Putilov's armament works: summary dimissall of some trade union prominents led to a strike; strike led to demonstrations, disturbances and street violence, police forces were overextended and, to crown it all, some army formations refused to shoot at the demonstrators and started murdering their commanding officers. Maybe some strong-arm and determined action speedily executed by Tsar would have a chance to reverse the situation in his favor, but Tsar Nicolaus did not fit in a mould of a Machiavellian Prince, he was idealistic, rather more obstinate than persistent (his wife, Tsarin Alexandra, German by birth, was much more self-willed), tired and badly misinformed (he draws a lot of historical parallel - from Louis Seize to Shah of Iran). He yielded up to some not very strong pressure from Duma and abdicated. February Russian Revolution became a fact. As for the second, so-called October revolutuion, it was a coup d'etat executed by so-called Bolshevik's party under general leadership of Lenin. It owned its spectacular and tragic success to variety of factors, the main being inability of Provisory Government to put an end to war, to deliver a sustaineble land reform and its indecisiveness in the battle for power.

Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette were guillotined.

The Romanov's were all shot.

George III survived the American Revolution. Regicide was not included in the American Military Toolbox.

of course! they chopped peoples heads off for God's sake!!

The czar agreed to give up some power and create a Russian parliament. (Apex 2021)

Russia was so poor because before the revolution there was not a lot of jobs out there until the revolution and people were changing there style

During World War I, the entry of America into the war and the outbreak of the Bolshevik (or, Russian) Revolution, both occurring in 1917, had important effects upon the final outcome of the war. The Revolution knocked Russia out of the war, which led to Germany's ability to bring even more force to bear on the Western Front in a mighty offensive in 1918. The presence of American troops on the battlefield in 1918 proved too much, however. Along with American energy and supplies, these troops were decisive in the ultimate victory of the Alliance.

No, Alexander Kerensky was not successful. Kerensky and the Russian Provisional Government which he headed were overthrown by Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks in the October Revolution of 1917.

Kerensky had failed to get Russia out of World War 1, failed to put an end to shortages of economic goods and failed to institute meaningful land reforms. All of these desires of the Russian people are what led to the February Revolution, the overthrow of the Czar and the creation of the Provisional Government in the first place. The main reason the Bolsheviks so easily seized control of the government from Kerensky was that he no longer had the support of the workers, soldiers or peasants of the country or of the various political parties that were trying to create a new permanent government.

It has also been said that Kerensky had been undermined by various extreme socialist groups such as the Bolsheviks.

The Vietnam War sounds like it should've been called a civil war, but when you look up the term "civil war" in the dictionary you will find that a "civil war" is a war fought AGAINST ITSELF. The Vietnam War was not fought against itself; it was fought between two separate nations...from day one (1954). A North and a South Vietnam...those are two different countries.

The Northern Army was called the NVA (North Vietnamese Army); their southern allies were called the VC (Viet Cong).

The Southern Army, the good guys, the ones the US was helping, was called the ARVN (Army Republic of South Vietnam).

When fighting them, over the radio, we would say, "November-Victor-Alpha" or "Victor Charlie." This would tell our higher headquarters what kind of support we would need to destroy them; artillery, jets, attack helos, etc.

The October Revolution was part of the Russian Revolution - that started in Petrograd.

It occured on 25 October 1917 according to the Julian calendar, or 7 November 1917 according to the Gregorian calendar.

The revolution started because no one in Russian was satisfied with the Tsar. He wasn't very good at ruling and many soldiers were dying in WWI. He went on the front to try and help his soldiers, but he only made it worse. The soldiers weren't given enough training, medical care, weapons, or even food. Also Russia's economy was very undeveloped compared to other countries. The people were tired of his rule and forced him to abdicate. Finally Lenin and his Bolshevik party take control of Russia and become the new government. Civil War then erupted between the Red Army (those fighting for communism) and the white army (those who wanted the rule of the Tsar to continue. The Red Army won since it gained all of the support from the peasant who wanted a classless society.

Vladimir Lenin, Leon Trotsky, and Stalin among many others, for the Bolsheviks which was the October revolution, or November depending on which Russian calendar is used.

Alexander Kerensky, among others, for the Provisional Government. Tsar Nicholas II was not part of this revolution at all since he had been put out of power eight months earlier in the first part of the Russian Revolution, the February Revolution.

The causes of the first Chinese revolution (1911-1912) were that European countries had a lot of control over China and China was not a powerful country even though it had one of the largest population bases. The Chinese people were not happy with the European control over parts of their country and the people started to gain dislike towards the Qing dynasty (which had ruled China for over 2 millenniums), since the Qing dynasty did not solve the countries' problems efficiently. The political minds of China were convinced forming China into a republic with a new government system would help China develop into a strong country and that idea was spread across the country with great help from important leaders like Sun Yat-sen, who became the first republican president in China.

The revolution is also often referred to as the Xinhai revolution.

- didn't have a good leader.

- the person in charge would choose the wrong type of person to lead, and when the people of China were taxed, they would steal the money

- population kept growing

- limited amount of land/money/food

- businesses were closing down (lack of employment)

- in order to get more money, the rulers raised the taxes

- the powerful landowners made their residents pay their taxes

- peasants living on the land broke out into rebellion

- had 2 military forces that didn't work because the men in the forces couldn't cooperate

- country didn't have protection so it was easy for foreign countries to invade

The Russian Revolution Didnt Fail. If Anything It Sucseeded. The Tsar St Nicholas II Got Scared When He Found Out That He Promised Change.

Revolutions are most likely to occur when the majority of a nation's population is disatisfied with its governing body. It occurs more frequently when the people who support radical change have the money, manpower, and weapons to fufill their beliefs.

Tsar Nicholas II sets up the duma and allows fredom of speech, press(newspapers), assembly and worship as well as freedom from arrest. A first only rich Russians could elect the duma but then the middle class was also given general suffrage. Russia therefore became a constitutional monarchy. This didn't last long however because Nicholas grew bored of the duma and issued the fundemental laws giving him outright control over the duma and so no real reform came from the duma. (this is only a brief overview of the results- but it is considered to be a 'dress reheasal' for the 1917 revolution that depoesed the Tsar.

It managed to overthrow the Csar and Imperial Russia, but it failed to reach its utopian goals.

simalarities:

- as in all revolutions - structural simalarity.

First period of refusing old regime;

which is changed by period of bloody terror (such as the Terror of Jacobin

Club in France and, perhaps, military communism after 1917 in Russia);

then period of relative peaceful life (French Directory and New Economic Policy in USSR);

then period of dictatorship (Napoleon and Stalin) with mighty orientation on

external invasions.

- you can also notice simalarity in some details such as execution of royal family in France and Russia

differences:

- more vast internal Civil War in Russia

- recreation some religious and monarchical institutes in France during the

first Empire

- French revolution is a transition to more capitalist regime, Russian - to "socialism"(25/x 1917)

etc

For most of Mexico's developing history, a small minority of the people were in control of most of the country's power and wealth, while the majority of the population worked in poverty. As the rift between the poor and rich grew under the leadership of General Díaz, the political voice of the lower classes was also declining. Opposition of Díaz did surface, when Francisco I. Madero, educated in Europe and at the University of California, led a series of strikes throughout the country.Díaz was pressured into holding an election in 1910, in which Madero was able to gather a significant number of the votes. Although Díaz was at one time a strong supporter of the one-term limit, he seemed to have changed his mind and had Madero imprisoned, feeling that the people of Mexico just weren't ready for democracy. Once Madero was released from prison, he continued his battle against Díaz in an attempt to have him overthrown. During this time, several other Mexican folk heros began to emerge, including the well known Pancho Villa in the north, and the peasant Emiliano Zapata in the south, who were able to harass the Mexican army and wrest control of their respective regions. Díaz was unable to control the spread of the insurgence and resigned in May, 1911, with the signing of the Treaty of Ciudad Juárez, after which he fled to France. Madero was elected president, but received opposition from Emiliano Zapata who didn't wish to wait for the orderly implementation of Madero's desired land reforms. In November of the same year Zapata denounced Madero as president and took the position for himself. He controlled the state of Morelos, where he chased out the estate owners and divided their lands to the peasants. Later, in 1919, Zapata was assassinated by Jesus Guajardo acting under orders from General Pablo Gonzalez. It was during this time that the country broke into many different factions, and guerrilla units roamed across the country destroying and burning down many large haciendas and ranchos. Madero was later taken prisoner and executed and the entire country existed in a state of disorder for several years, while Pancho Villa rampaged through the north, and different factions fought for presidential control.Eventually, Venustiano Carranza rose to the presidency, and organized an important convention whose outcome was the Constitution of 1917, which is still in effect today. Carranza made land reform an important part of that constitution. This resulted in the ejido, or farm cooperative program that redistributed much of the country's land from the wealthy land holders to the peasants. The ejidos are still in place today and comprise nearly half of all the farmland in Mexico. Carranza was followed by others who would fight for political control, and who would eventually continue with the reforms, both in education and land distribution. During this period the PRI political party was established, which was the dominant political power for 71 years until Vicente Fox of the conservative PAN party was elected. The holiday itself commemorates the day, November 20th of 1910, when Madero denounced President Díaz, declared himself president of Mexico and called for a national insurrection.

Stalin had little to do with the actual take over of the government by Lenin, Trotsky and the Bolsheviks. At the time he was editor of the Bolshevik newspaper, Robachi put. On the night before the revolution he was finishing the last edition when Provisional Government police broke in and smashed the printing equipment.

He was then given the task of meeting with and speaking to the Bolshevik delegates of the Second Congress of Soviets to explain the need for the insurrection at that time. He did this, went home and the Revolution took place the next day.

It was pretty sweet!

Rich women liked to make themselves look beautiful and where very graceful. They painted, sang and played musical instruments like the piano. Rich women in the 1800s had to look after the house & family but most rich people had maids, cooks and Nannie's If she married it was very unconventional to get divorced, so you had to hope you married a nice man.

Rich men had big houses in the countryside with lots of land around it. Rich people would go to London for a couple of months to see other rich people. When they weren't in London they would be in their mansions in the countryside, hunting in woods. The houses in the countryside had lots of workers, like farmers for the land. :)

Dom's answer

men hunted game, and read books in their library.

The rich hosted balls for the public. Mothers were concerned with their daughters marrying and marrying well.

Hosted dinners with neighbors and acquaintances, and played a game called whist and other card games.

Properties were valued on their size, and the land it was on. Gardens were valued, and houses had several rooms with several functions such as drawing rooms.

Women who were educated in music, singing, needlework, dancing, painting, and proper usage of literature were considered accomplished.

Women were expected to hold their tongue, and keep knowledge to themselves if it was smarter or more knowledgeable than their husbands. You were a spinster if you werent married by the age of 22.

if you're interested, you should read books from that era. They're interesting.

1. The partial industrialization of Russia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which created an urban working class in places like St. Petersburg and Moscow that could organize against its exploitation through unions and workers councils(known as 'the soviets'). This enabled the workers to work together much more effectively against their bosses then the scattered, isolated, and thus largely de-politicized peasantry. The cities were also connected via trade and communication to the outside world, where intellectuals and workers alike had access to revolutionary ideas from western Europe such as Marxism.

2. The desperate poverty and gross inequality that marked Russian society created a deep well of discontent. The czar and the aristocracy, as well as Russia's capitalist class, lived in opulent luxury in palaces such as the Hermitage while most Russians lived in medieval conditions. In the countryside, most farmers still used wooden plow. Hundreds of thousands died from epidemics on a regular basis. 1/3 of all Russian babies died before their first birthday.

3. The entry of Russia into World War I brought all the class tensions of Russian society to a boiling point, especially when Russia's badly equipped and led army suffered a series of disastrous defeats. Food riots broke out in Russia's major cities and the countryside. The army and navy began to mutiny against a government they had no desire to fight and die for.

4. The czar of Russia, Nicholas II, was a weak and indecisive leader. He went back and forth between making concessions to his people and then opting for repressive measures. Therefore, he both allowed breathing space for a revolutionary movement to develop while creating fresh grievances that strengthened the political forces against him. Most importantly though, he was attempting to reform a corrupt, repressive, outdated system that could not be reformed at all.

5. Although many different groups were opposed to the czar, the Russian revolution was successful because the group that ended up leading it, the Bolsheviks, were dedicated, well-organized, and well-led

By: Skills the Savage

No one in particular led the February 1917 Russian Revolution. That revolution happened somewhat spontaneously with a demonstration by a group of women protesting food shortages. It spread to workers and soldiers in St. Petersburg and in other cities until it was out of control. The Tsar's ministers convinced the Tsar that he no longer had any power to quell the riots and that he had to abdicate, which he did.

Vladimir I. Lenin and his Bolsheviks led the October Russian Revolution.