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Biochemistry
Biochemistry is the study of the structure, composition and chemical processes in all living organisms. It covers the structures and functions of various cellular components, including proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids, and other biomolecules.
8,065 Questions
pepsinogen (a precursor of pepsin) which helps humans digest, when activated by HCL.
What occurs first during cellular respiration?
The process of glycolysis (literally meaning splitting of sugar) occurs first at the start of cellular respiration.In this process glucose molecule breaks down into two molecules of pyruvic acid. This process takes place in cytosol for which oxygen is not essential.
- After then following steps take place
- pyruvic acid oxidation
- Krebs cycle.
The above two reactions occur within the mitochondria.
What was the first DNA model called?
The first correct shape was the double helix by Watson and Crick. However, there were earlier incorrect models, for example the incorrect triple helix model proposed by Linus Pauling. Even the first model by Watson and Crick turned out to be incorrect; they had it inside out compared to the correct model.
Which is the committed step of glycolysis?
The committed step of glycolysis is the reaction catalyzed by phophofructokine (PFK) converting fructose-6-phosphate into fructose-1,6- bisphosphate. The reaction is irreversible and secondly, it's the only reaction peculiar to the glycolysis.
Which test used to test fructose and galactose?
Fermentation: Hexoses (six carbon sugars), with the exception of galactose, are fermented to
carbon dioxide and ethanol by the action of yeast.
Benedict's Test: Fructose reacts very rapidly, galactose more slowly
What is the term used to describe the heritable or physical characteristics of a living organism?
phenotype (physical type)
can also go to ask.com type in pea plants physical characteristics of an organism
Improved Answer: Actually, the phenotype is the cell's physical appearance. The physical characteristic is a trait.
Phenotype
What foods have monosaccharide in them?
Foods that contain monosaccharides include fruits (like bananas, apples, and grapes), honey, and some vegetables (such as sweet potatoes and carrots). Monosaccharides are simple sugars that are the building blocks of carbohydrates and are found naturally in many foods.
What type of macromolecule is lactase?
as a general rule, anything ending in -ase is an enzyme, so lactase is an enzyme that breaks down molecules of lactose
What provides much of our oxygen?
Hemoglobin present inside the RBCs provides oxygen to the tissues when the RBCs reach them via the capillaries
A typical eukaryotic cell would contain?
Many things such as...
a nucleus and specialized organelles.
What 5 elements make up protein molecules?
Proteins are primarily made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, with some sulfur. Other elements may be present in trace amounts.
Where does cellular respiration occur in heterotrophs and and photosynthesis in autotrophs?
heterotrophs eat other organisms because they can not make their own food. so they obtain their energy by braking down their food to a simpler state through the process of respiration so yes heterotrophs preform respiration
What is the point of mashing straberrys for DNA extraction?
Use the usual extraction protocol for plants: grind, liquid-liquid extraction, salting out.
Which event occurs in interphase?
- produce RNA
- synthesis protein
- checkpoint to prepare DNA replication
S phase - DNA replication
G2 - contineu increase in size
- produce protein
- checkpoint to determine if cell can enter mititic phase
What must be held constant when testing the effect enzyme concentration on enzyme activity?
temperature,pH and substrate concentration
What cause blood calcium to be deposited in bone as calcium salt?
Answer is Vitamin D.(1,25 bihydroxycholecalciferol. )
What are the types of enzymes likely to be used in washing powders?
The protease enzyme is used in some washing powders. The protease enzyme usually comes from bacteria like Bacillus licheniformis or Bacillus subtilis and can be produced in fermenters which hold many litres of culture medium and bacteria.
What is the equation using cellular respiration?
6C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 34ATP
The equation shown above is the chemical equation of aerobic cellular respiration. It takes in a complex sugar, glucose, and breaks it down in order to harvest its stored up energy.
What in the role of oxygen in the production of ATP?
What are the basic principles of biochemistry?
- The Chemical Unity of Diverse Living Organisms
- Living Matter Has Several Characteristics
- Biochemistry Seeks to Explain Life in Chemical Terms
- Chemical Unity Underlies Biological Diversity
- All Macromolecules Are Constructed from a Few Simple Compounds
- Energy Production and Consumption in Metabolism
- Organisms Are Never at Equilibrium with Their Surroundings
- Molecular Composition Reflects a Dynamic Steady State
- Organisms Exchange Energy and Matter with Their Surroundings
- Cells and Organisms Interconvert Different Forms of Energy
- The Flow of Electrons Provides Energy for Organisms
- Enzymes Promote Sequences of Chemical Reactions
- ATP Is the Universal Carrier of Metabolic Energy, Linking Catabolism and Anabolism
- Metabolism Is Regulated to Achieve Balance and Economy
- Biological Information Transfer
- Genetic Continuity Is Vested in DNA Molecules
- The Structure of DNA Allows for Its Repair and Replication with Near-Perfect Fidelity
- Changes in the Hereditary Instructions Allow Evolution
- Molecular Anatomy Reveals Evolutionary Relationships
- The Linear Sequence in DNA Encodes Proteins with Three-Dimensional Structures
- Noncovalent Interactions Stabilize Three-Dimensional Structures
- The Physical Roots of the Biochemical World
- Further Reading
What is a product of the citric acid cycle?
The biosphere, speaking generically, is all the living things -- plants and animals -- in the world.
The biosphere is the global ecosystem, the sum of all the planet's ecosystems. This includes the atmosphere (several kilometers), and the land (at least 3000 meters below ground to the depth of several kilometers). It is often referred to as the "zone of life", where all of earths organisms live.
Closed Biosphere (scientific research projects)
The Biosphere is a sealed, self-supporting ecological environment created to study diverse ecosystems in a controlled medium. Large-scale experiments on human systems (Biosphere 2, BIOS-3) were carried out from 1972 to 1991, with only limited success. None showed the capability for long-term self-sufficiency.
(see related links)
Read more: What_is_the_biosphere
What is glucose made out from?
Carbon, oxygen and hydrogen.
(C) (O) and (H).
Glucose is a molecule made of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon. Its composition is C6H12O6, and its structure is a single bond carbon chain with an alcohol group on each carbon except for the terminal carbon which contains an aldehyde.
How do enzymes get their names?
There is more than one method for naming enzymes (which can be confusing when it comes to classification). However, the most common method is by using a prefix that represents the substance or substrate upon which they act or affect, followed by the suffix "ase" (which just labels the substance an enzyme). For example: The enzyme protease is the catalyst for converting proteins into their component amino acids.
