Spain

Almost all Italian natives are bilingual in that they speak very well both their local dialect and standard Italian. Nowadays there are fewer and fewer illiterates who do not speak the official language very well.

Even the elderly who mainly speak a dialect are exposed to Italian everyday, because that is the language spoken on the telly or in public offices.

Foreigners living in Italy, or some well-educated people, often speak other languages too.

Young people are supposed to speak English, because it is a mandatory subject for all, during compulsory education. But, unfortunately, English teachers are very rarely English natives in Italian schools, so do not expect everybody to possess a high level of English.

In some provinces and regions other languages are spoken too. E.g. French in Valle d'Aosta and German in Sudtirolo and Trentino. Also Slovene, in Friuli Venezia Giulia.

Italian, but there are many dialects and a few regional languages such as Ladino. Some people in the Dolomites speak a dialect of German. Near the French border there are dialects of Occitan or Provençal spoken as well as French. In Trieste some people speak Slovenian or Croatian, and in Sardinia they also have their own language.

Answer

The above is a good answer. In addition, Italy, like most other major European nations has growing numbers of apparently permanent immigrants for whom Arabic, Turkish, and other Middle Eastern and African languages are primary and will continue to be primary for at least another generation.
Italian...
They speak Italian.
Italian mostly, but English once and a while.
i think no if exception of englısh
Italian.
The country "shaped like a boot" is Italy.

Italians speak Italian.

Following linguistic criteria, modern Spanish citizens could be divided into Castilian, Catalan, Galician-Portuguese, Basque, Asturian-Leonese and Aragonese ethnic groups.

Castilians

The largest ethnic group in Spain. The Spanish capital of Madrid is located in the historical region of New Castile, and what the Castilian language (castellano) is also known as Spanish (español). The Kingdom of Castile was the principle actor in the unification of Spain.

The original Castilian nucleus was around the modern day autonomous communities of Cantabria and part of Castile-León (around the city of Burgos). In the Christian reconquista("reconquering") of Al-Andalus (Muslim Arab-dominated kingdoms in most of the Iberian Peninsula), Castilians settled and became the dominant population in Castile-La Mancha, Madrid, most of Extremadura, Andalucia, and Murcia.

In the last century, many Castilian-speakers from Andalucia and Extremadura emigrated to urban centres to the Basque Country and the Catalan-speaking areas. This has changed the demographic balance in those areas, which along with the dictator Francisco Franco's oppressive policy towards minority languages has made Spanish (i.e Castilian) the dominant language throughout Spain.

Catalans

Historically confined to a small Pyrenean area between the far south-east of what is now France and the far north-east of what is now Spain, the Catalans spread (as did other Iberian Christian ethnic groups) towards the south and east in the Reconquista. They colonized the rest of the modern autonomous area of Catalonia, most of the Valencian Country, the Balearic Islands and the eastern strip of Aragon. They also settled the Sardinian city of Alguer, and conquered but did not colonize many other areas of the Mediterranean in the Crown of Aragon. They also conquered and settled Murcia, but the Crown of Aragon gave this region to the Kingdom of Castile, so the main language of this area ended up being Castillian albeit with some Catalan influence. There are around 6-7 million speakers of Catalan in Spain, in a historical area of around 13 million people.

Galicians and Portuguese

Galicians inhabit the western part of the Iberian Peninsula, and despite their Romance language they got their name from a Celtic people that predated Roman settlement. In the Reconquestathey conquered what is now Portugal, spreading their language throughout the western part of the peninsula. Galicia was then annexed by Spain but Portugal gained independence, which has lead to the curious situation where nowadays the Galician language is more internationally known under the name "Portuguese". In Galicia, the urban areas have become largely Castilianized, and the Galician-speaking areas have become depopulated because of emigration to the Americas. Even today in Hispano-American slang, the word "Galician" (gallego) is used to refer to all Spaniards.

A historical part of Portugal, Olivenza, also became part of Spain through annexation, and El Bierzo was added to the Castile-Leon autonomous area despite it's Galician ethnolinguistic affiliation. Furthermore, the Eo-Nava region of Asturias represents a transition between Asturian and Galician cultures.

Basques

The Basques are the only non-Indo-European ethnic group in Western Europe, meaning the ancestor of their language was spoken in Europe before the ancestors of modern Romance, Germanic and Celtic groups arrived. Their kingdom in the medieval period was the kingdom of Navarre. Their language did not spread during the Reconquesta, unlike those of the other Spanish ethnolinguistic groups. Nowadays their urban areas are very Castilian-speaking, both because of Andalucian and Extremaduran immigration and the Castilianization of ethnic Basques. Their country, known in their language as Euskal Herria is made up of the Basque Autonomous Community and Navarre in Spain, as well as the areas of Lapurdi, Zuberoa and Lower Navarre in southwestern France.

Asturians

Asturias was the first Christian in Spain to pursue the Reconquesta, and indeed it and its sucessor state Leon conquered large areas of western Spain. Asturian-Leonese people inhabited what are today the autonomous community of Asturias, the provinces of Leon, Zamorra and Salamanca in the autonomous community of Castile-Leon, and the western areas of Extremadura. However, in Extremadura there are only a few villages which still speak anything close to Asturian-Leonese, in Salamanca there are no speakers left, and in Leon and Zamorra the speakers are left in some western villages. In Asturias most people have some knowledge of the language -- but it is far from dominant, and it has no official status. There is no Asturian nationalist or secessionist party with parliamentary representation in Asturias, Castile-Leon or Extremadura, in contrast with the Catalans, Basques, Aragonese and Galicians.

Aragonese

The Aragonese inhabited primarily Aragon (the central and southern areas being fruit of the Reconquesta) as well as the churro areas of Valencia (the rest of the region is historically dominated by Catalans). They gave their name to the Crown of Aragon which was a major playor in the Mediterranean, but its centre was Barcelona and it spread Catalan language and culture. Furthermore, eastern Aragon was settled by Catalans, and now western dialects of Catalan are predominantly spoken in that sparsely populated area. Other parts of Aragon rapidly became Castilian-speaking -- this was both due to Castilian resettlement of areas depopulated by plagues and the Castilianization of the ethnic Aragonese due to the lack of prestige given to their language. By the 20th century the Aragonese language was mainly spoken in mountain areas of the Huescaprovince.

The most famous event takes place annually on July 7th in Pamplona, Spain, at the opening of the Festival of San Fermín.

The custom is observed in many locales throughout Spain and in Mexico as well. A famous running also takes place in Madrid.

Northern part of Spain, this region is always at odds with the rest of Spain are looking to become independent, which will never happen,

Answer:

Basque is a language/cultural group. There is no nation called Basque. The Basque regions include the Spanish provinces of Alava, Biscay and Gipuzkoa, and the Autonomous Community of Navarre. There is also a French Basque region of Lower Navarre, Labourd and Soule.

Answer:

There is no country called "Basque"is what the people there are called "basque" comes from Vaskania a small place located between France and Spain, both France and Spain would like to claim this place but the people there would like to be their own country. Some people speak french basque and some spanish basque depending which side they live on, the language is wgat is called a language isilate, meaning it has no links to any other modern language.

Most of Argentina is farther from the equator than all of southern Spain is,

but there's a part in the north that's closer. I'm not in either country.
There are some parts of Argentina that are farther from the equator than any place

in Spain is, but there are certainly places in northern Argentina that are closer to the

equator than many parts of southern Spain are.

1Madrid2,824,0002Barcelona1,454,000

Madrid has 3,255,944 in the city proper and about 6,500,000 in the Madrid Metropolitan area. Barcelona has 1,621,527 in the city proper and 3,186,461 in Greater Barcelona.
Madrid and Barcelona