Anemia

You get to live to 40, get free medication, eat alot of candy, and be very cold all the time.

to keep the haemoglobin level at 12-14gm/dl.

It can be as low as 4 days.

it has to do with inherited blood disorder that affects red blood sells

lower than normal. 19

Neither. People with sickle cell anemia have the same number of chromosomes and even the same number of genes as those who don't have the disease. The difference is a *change* in one of the genes. Actually, it is (usually) caused by a one letter difference in the hemoglobin gene which makes the hemoglobin produced more 'sticky' on a molecular level.

Blood lab work will be the only way to determine the severity of your anemia. One's body's reaction to anemia will vary depending on a few factors. The body has a remarkable ability to adapt, even to anemia. If one becomes anemic gradually, he or she may not even notice until the condition is bad compared to someone who develops anemia suddenly. The cause must also be considered.

the word sickle comes from the latin sikia meaning "annoyance" the rest of the word was just put in because the guys wo invented it were a*s holes.......

........got you, fool

No, it is not.

G6PD (Glucose-6-Phosphate-Dehydrogenase) is an enzyme which protects the red blood cells under specific circustances.

These specific circumstances include

- certain drugs/medications (sulfonamides, antimalarial drugs, salicylates)

- diet (fava beans)

- infections

- fever

- acidosis.

Individuals, born with a deficiency of this enzyme, are not efficiently protected. Meaning, if they are subjected for a longer time to any of these specific substances or conditions, their unprotected red blood cells could suffer damage. Due to this damage, the red blood cells are destroyed - leading to bleeding (hemolytic episodes).

This inborn deficiency is X-linked, which means, it primarily effects males, partial involvement or carrier situation applies to females.

This aspect is similar to that of Thalassemia, as Thalassemia is also an inherited condition, which effects males primarily, and females are mainly the carriers.

But, G6PD is a deficiency of an enzyme (Glucose-6-Phosphate-Dehydrogenase), and Thalassemia is caused by a genetic fault, which impairs the synthesis (production) of haemoglobin, the red blood cells' oxygen-carrying molecules.

While G6PD deficiency is active only at the above specific circumstances, Thalassemia is constantly present.

this is a disease, not an odor, so it does not smell.

If a person has a single sickle cell allele they will have some sickles red blood cells, and some normal red blood cells. This is the origami purpose that this evolved for. If a person had a single sickle cell allele, they will be mostly resistant to malaria. This is why sickle cell anemia is most prevalent in areas of the world where malaria is common. However, if a person has two sickle cell anemia alleles, they will have ONLY sickled red blood cells. The "sickling" of the red blood cells is caused by a mutation in the protien that the gene codes for. That protein is hemoglobin, which carries oxygen through the blood. If a person has sickle cell anemia, parts of their body wil not get enough oxygen. They can pass out, loose sensation in the limb, or even die from it. In short, a person with two alleles is sick, and a person with one allele is not.

More than often, those suffering from anemia complain non-specific symptoms of a feeling rather weak, or fatigued, general malaise and sometimes poor concentration. They may also report of constant shortness of breath on exertion. In very severe anemia, the body may compensate for the lack of oxygen-carrying capability of the blood by increasing cardiac output. In such a situation, the visible signs may be palpitations, rapid heart rate, angina (if preexisting heart disease is present), fainting episodes, and symptoms of heart failure.

Folic acid anemia is a known risk factor for neural tube birth defects.

Iron deficiency anaemia - as the name suggests - is caused by the lack of sufficient iron.

Iron, inside the heme group of the protein Haemoglobin, is necessary to carry Oxygen (and carbon dioxide) inside the red blood cells. If the body tissues are not getting enough oxygen - hypoxia -, anaemia results.

The reasons can be:

- low dietary intake of heme iron (heme iron is easier to absorb)

- malabsorption (prevention of iron absorption)

- blood loss (iron lost along with the red blood cells)

- increased demand (rapid growth, pregnancy, lactation)

Vitamin B12 deficiency can also result in anaemia.

The reasons can be:

- Vitamin B12 deficiency

- folate deficiency

- liver disease/cirrhosis

- alcoholism

- pregnancy

- myelodysplastic syndromes.

Since anaemias (hypoxia) symptoms generally are the same, diagnosis is based on blood film (blood smear), and blood tests' results of

- Hct = percentage of Red blood cells on whole blood,

- RCC = red blood cell count,

- MCV = Mean cell or corpuscule volume,

- MCH = Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin,

- MCHC Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, and also

- Serum iron (SI)

- Serum ferritin,

- Transferrin saturation,

- Total Iron binding Capacity (TIBC) .

Iron deficiency anaemia:

- Red blood cells are hypochromic (paler) and microcytic (smaller), due to less then normal contents of haemoglobin.

- Target cells,

- elliptocytes (pencil cells)

Vitamin B12 deficiency:

- Macrocytes (bigger red blood cells, due to delayed release from bone marrow)

(Macrocytes are often associated with Macrocyic Anaemia, too)

- Target cells,

- stomatocytes

- hypersegmented neutrophils.

Haemoglobin level in both cases are decreased, but MCV (Mean cell volume) is

- down in iron deficiency anaemia and

- up in Vitamin B12 deficiency (Macrocytic anaemia).

- ferritin level is always low in iron deficiency anaemia.

a healthy female in Boston has a hematocrit around 44 which is very accurate since her RBC count is very normal but in a female with iron deficiency anemia there blood cell count ranges around 32 because inadequate iron is available the body cannot manufacture the hemoglobin

If you are a healthy normal adult without an iron deficiency you should not need any additional iron in your diet. The blood type of o negative does not have a predisposition to anemia.

The sickle cell allele can be maintained in the central African population, above the frequency of gene mutation (balancing selection), because the heterozygous sickle cell individuals have an advantage in lifespan, in this malaria stricken region, over the homozygous alternatives. Homozygous sickle-sickle individuals die early from the sickle cell disease. Homozygous nonsickle-nonsickle die early from malaria. The heterozygous sickle-nonsickle have a higher survival against malaria and therefore the sickle cell allele is balanced selected.

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The chemical components of ammonia is one part of nitrogen and 3 parts of hydrogen. The chemical symbol is NH3.

a type of idiopathic refractory anemia characterized by pancytopenia, hypoplasia of the bone marrow, and congenital anomalies, occurring in members of the same family (an autosomal recessive trait in at least five nonallelic types [MIM*227650, 227660, 227645, 227646, 600901]); the anemia is normocytic or slightly macrocytic, macrocytes and target cells may be found in the circulating blood, and the leukopenia usually is due to neutropenia. Congenital anomalies include short stature; microcephaly; hypogenitalism; strabismus; anomalies of the thumbs, radii, and kidneys and urinary tract; mental retardation; and microphthalmia.

serum analysis test for

because the main problem is not about having iron deficiency but having a low level of red blood cells in the blood.

autosomal recessive

parvo virus b 19 induced anemia, rather aplastic crisis. Parvo b 19 is single stranded naked DNA virus, mainly causing 5th disease with slapped cheek look in kids, and aplastic anemia in adults