answersLogoWhite

0

📱

Cameras

Whether it's a photo of a new baby, a wedding or a day at the beach, cameras help us record and remember life's memories. Ask questions about the camera's history and function here.

6,430 Questions

Who took the first photograph of DNA?

Rosalind Franklin.


Photo 51
is the nickname given to an X-ray diffraction image of DNA taken by Rosalind Franklin in 1952 that was critical evidence in identifying the structure of DNA. The photo was taken by Franklin while working at King's College London in Sir John Randall's group.











Source: answers.com

Why would you enjoy photography?

It's just my thing. I guess.I love photography.

Its my hobby,so I made it my profession also...

I am stock photographer and sell my photos at some stock photography site (e.g. http://camerabux.com/)

I love photography and earn using my hobby

How do you transfer pictures from Fuji film camera to your computer without a CD?

You cant unless the program is already on your computer...

If you search your specific model (found in the fine print on your camera), you should be able to find the software.

What is the advantage of digital cameras over film cameras?

These days everyone seems to have a digital camera. Is it really better than film? Digital cameras have many benefits over film:

  • No expensive film to buy and develop.
  • Preview your pictures instantly; delete at your leisure.
  • Upload pictures quickly to your computer for viewing.
  • Manipulate and fix pictures using photo manipulation software installed on your computer. No need to visit a photo lab or consult a professional.
  • Higher resolution on some cameras, which allows for higher quality images.
  • Ability to print pictures from your computer. No need to visit a lab for printing or development.

Yeah, and nobody gets to see the sleezy pictures you take with your girlfriend!

Devils Advocate...

No expensive film to buy and develop. -> Replace that with very expensive inks, expensive paper, photo inkjet, software, batteries and spare batteries, and a camera that costs 2 to 3 times as much as a comparable film camera, and one that will be obsolete within a year. Film "expensive"? Prices have dropped substantially to a couple bucks, or less, a roll for 35mm.

Preview your pictures instantly; delete at your leisure. -> Yes, advantage digital. However, you don't get a negative. Ever have a hard-drive crash, or a CDR become unreadable? It's not a matter of "if" it's a matter of when. Make sure you make multiple back-ups of your memories (and don't lose them, and label your CDRs...) Otherwise, rots-a-ruk. See those three years and hundreds/thousands of photos. Wave bye-byes.

Upload pictures quickly to your computer for viewing. -> You can scan film with a cheap scanner or get a photo CD from a lab and do the same thing.

Manipulate and fix pictures using photo manipulation software installed on your computer. No need to visit a photo lab or consult a professional. - "Consult a professional"? Huh? If you don't own a printer, or computer, or don't want to spend hours learning digital editing software you will still be making trips to the photo lab to make your digital prints. And isn't it nice to just drop off your film, wait a couple days, and have everything ready, already printed without sitting in from of a PC, fooling with software, or wrestling with a printer, and watching your expensive ink get used up?

Higher resolution on some cameras, - That's just flat out false. A 35mm camera has the equivalent resolution of a 20 megapixel digital camera. The "some" cameras you must be talking about are digital 20 megapixel medium format "backs" used by pros that cost $10,000. Most consumer digital cameras - even DSLRs, have 3,4,5,6 megapixels. Less than half the resolution. That's why ONLY film can be used for big enlargements.

- which allows for higher quality images. Sometimes yes, sometimes no. All digitals have great difficulty with bright conditions and have a much lower latitude than film. It is very easy to over-expose, and you will get washed out or "blown out" highlights. They also have a lower dynamic range, and - excluding expensive DSLRs, have a wide depth of field - everything in sharp focus. Not something you /always/ want, expecially with portraits. With the digicams most consumers use, you're limited to iso 200 speed, othewise you get unacceptable digital noise (far more distracting than grain) but I /always/ use 400 speed film and not think about it.

Ability to print pictures from your computer. No need to visit a lab for printing or development.

- Again, that's not all it's cracked up to be. Inkjet printers are notoriously finiky. Hard drives containing /all/ your pictures may crash. Photo-editing software can cost hundreds of dollars, ink prices are outrageous, and photos use /a lot/ of ink. Good injet paper is also pricey.

I started using a digital camera, used it for a year, went back to film... Film is also more fun imo, and my film SLR is 15 years old. No need to charge batteries or carry spares, or for it to "boot up". It's ready to go as soon as I pick it up.

Will you still have that expensive digital camera in 15 years? Our will you have purchased 2,3,4 in that amout of time?

Digital is good for pros who shoot thousands of pics a week, where film costs DO become an issue. It's also good for camera companies, since like computers used to be, they're obsolete the minute you buy them.

Besides, film is just more fun...

How digital is better? It is worse in every aspect! 1. First of all film is much more fun. 2. Quality of 35mm film is better than some $10.000 digital. 3. Film is MUCH CHEAPER to shoot and to develop: SnapFish.com develop whole role for $3. The whole role of slide film to developed and mounted $4 with Fuji mailer.. 4. Film lasts for as long as we need and digital requires backup and how doing you know it will be readable in let say 10 years? Can you read the 8 inch diskettes now? 5. Film make you better photographer and offers HUGE variety of different films to try and to experiment: any ISO is available. 6. Film is getting better every year, but not your digital camera sensor is growing. 7. With 35mm I have a REAL WIDE ANGLE shots. 8. I don't have to keep half of pocket of batteries with me. 9. The camera from some $150 will do better than digital of $2000. 10. I can have the real high quality slide show, not that crappy and dull multimedia projection. 11. After all I can have my slides and negatives be scanned and have a "digital" if you whish. 12. I have the whole bunch of photos after vacation developed by the same SnapFish, scanned and put on CD for less than half of your ink jet paper cost.

AND AGAIN FILM IS FUN, ENDLESS FUN. Photography it is about imagination it is not what you can see in the LCD.

Agree with everything in the last two posts. Film is just more fun, and it's less expensive. I like to experiment with different lenses and different types of films. The $100 SLR I bought a decade ago, still going strong. Tried digital, it's "okay"... imo, more hype than anything. Okay if you want to post pics on a web. Get a cheap one.

Disadvantages of digital point and shoot:

1. Limited to 200 iso. 400 iso downright ugly due to noise. Grain is not as obtrusive.

2. Wide angle lenses! Love'em. Forget it with digital. 35mm best you can do without expensive, ridiculous teleconverters and "the widest" you'll get is 24mm, with a huge, heavy WCON on Raynox teleconverter hanging off your camera. I can get a 19mm, 20mm, 21mm fixed wide angles that are small.

3. Price/Quality. The average price for these things is $400 to $500 for a camera that is obsolete at purchase, with a fixed lens.

4. EVF or LCD screen... bleh. Hard to see, wash out in bright light, go dark in not so low light. Keep'em.

Why spend this kind of dough, for a fixed lens camera that limits you to iso 200, when you can get a good new SLR with a prime lens for $150, that simply takes better pics.

If you want a digital, get a cheap $100 Kodak for quick snaps to post on the web. Don't worry about megapixels. Even the cheapest has suffient for okay snap-shots.

DSLRs Good cameras, can't argue with that. But a DSLR kit will set you back $800 min. for just a body. Lenses are outrageous. Figure on parting with $1500 min for a body and a couple lenses.

- Battery eaters - "Start-up" time - Dirt on CCD nightmare - VERY expensive - Just not as much fun - Blown out highlights - Moire patterns - Durability - Fragile --- extreme temp damage --- moisture (don't get caught in the rain or humid contitions) --- static electricity --- overall build quality

Digitals require expensive software, printers, inks, and papers to make prints, and good luck with that storage media. Years from now, will it work when you want it to? Will it still be used? Can you find it?

Digitals produce "high resolution digital images". They don't look like film. That's why films are still shot with film on film cameras, even though it's less expensive to shoot on digital and transfer to film. Even TV dramas are still shot on film.

The only thing the "so called" digital revolution did was sold a lot of crappy overpriced cameras to people. Due to planned obsolence, people are buying expensive new cameras with more megapixels every couple years. Whereas, a film camera will last decades. The only people who benefited from the "digital revolution" were consumer electronics companies and commercial photographers, who spend tens of thousands of dollars on film and processing a month. For the average shooter or hobbiest, the -'s of digital outweigh the plusses.

Digital. This is progress? No thanks, I'll stick with film.

9-07-2006

I'll use digital from now on probably. If only for one's personal use and looking at, why take all the time? If you have time, and someone is buying your work, or you are having it shown in a gallery, film is nice. I have been using digital now for several months, and now I have grown so old that I now get a kick out of just looking at the 2.5 inch LCD on the back of my camera!! Film or Digital, I LOVE PHOTOGRAPHY!

One thing I didn't see mentioned is that film will degrade over time, unless kept in pristine conditions. Digital media will not. You can reprint your pictures with the same quality as the first time. Try that with film. Now given, if you are the photographic equivalent of an audiophile, go with the film by all means. But if you are just a novice photographer like myself who might like 10 of the 96 pictures you snapped, go with the digital.

A novice photographer doesn't have the experience or authority to judge this. I hope you have your files backed up.

My grandmother can use a digital camera, but that doesn't make her a photographer. Digital cameras make for lazy photographers. You don't have to take the time to get the lighting or the shot exactly right because you can just take it to Photoshop later and alter it.

They aren't.

They are different and neither one is better than the other.

Digital makes for lazy photographers is BS. Lazy photographers make for lazy photographers. On a good dSLR you can have complete manual control, but most professional (make their living with it) photographers stick with Aperture priority (Av) or Shutter Priority (TV) .. this is the same from 30 years ago: look at the auto film cameras fom 70's on, they were set like this. No pro I've ever met use 'auto' for most of their pictures, they knew what settings worked for the environment and used them. Auto (your complaint) is meant for grandma, not artist Suzie or photo-journalist Bob.

Any work done by pros on photographs (NOT images) is meant only to correct what they camera can't show, not to produce new graphics. If you can't take the picture in-camera, you're not a photographer.

The newer dSLRs are as good or better in a lot of cases than a 35mm SLR: 5-18MP, ISO that's good to 800, even 1000 with light grain, batteries that last 1500 to 2000 images, and better capture software arrives ever day.

Film is good for enlarging: 10MP or more 3/4 sensor sized images are a minimum for poster sized enlargements, 20MP and full size sensors are needed for 4 foot and bigger prints. How many people do that?

I still take pictures with film. In fact I prefer film over digital but the wait for results is less important with my landscapes than my people pictures, so I often use digital. My camera bag has 2 Nikon dSLRS, a point and shoot Canon (goes everywhere the Nikons can't go), 2 auto 35mms (Canon and Nikon), 2 manual 35mms (Canon and Nikon): The autos are for sharing with others, the digitals are for when I'm taking lots of pictures or I have a real weird environment, but for permanent and professional looks it's the manual 35s. The lenses are better, the consistency is better and they work in any condition (blazing hot, freezing cold, wet, snow, hail, dirty or... well whatever!)

Want to learn how to make photographs? Get an old 35mm film camera and practice, practice, practice. Photoshop can't fix bad photography; if you didn't catch the subject in focus and focus was on another subject, nothing in PS can fix that. That's why some people still make 100's of thousands of dollars as photographers; they can do what photoshop can't.

There are so many things involved here. The main question asked by the respondents should be: what are you using the camera for?

If you want pics to look at on your computer monitor (eBay, kijiji, pics for facebook) use any digital camera, a monitor only resolves at around 75 dpi anyway.

If you want to produce art and print it on paper at poster size or greater use film, especially if you want it in black and white.

I have been doing this for over 30 years and I use both digital and film, it depends upon the requirements of the job.

Decide what you want to use the camera for and buy accordingly.

- - - - -

I always love the "higher resolution" comment about digital cameras. Let's play.

A popular digital camera has 12 megapixels. (There are a bunch of these out there.) That will give you a file approximately 4000 pixels wide x 3000 pixels high.

If you take your pictures to a photofinisher to have them printed, their machine runs at 300 dpi...so for the highest quality out of this file, the biggest picture you can print is 10 x 13.

Now, a 10 x 13 is a nice size picture, but you look over there and see "Poster Size Prints Available Here" on a sign. And they have 24 x 36 prints available. You will need a file that's 7200 x 10800 pixels, or 74 megapixels, if you want to print that at 300 dpi. An $18,000 Better Light back for your view camera can do that, but most people would rather spend $18,000 on a new car than on a part for a camera. (You have to supply a view camera separately and they are expensive.) On the other hand, you can buy a $350 Plustek film scanner and crank out files this big from 35mm negs all day long.

And this is the most important thing to realize about digital camera files: they can never get any larger without damaging them. If you take a picture on a 12 megapixel camera, and a year later buy an 18 megapixel or a 22 megapixel camera, all the work you shot on your 12 megapixel camera will remain 12 megapixels. If you enlarge them in Photoshop, they get ugly quick. If I scan a negative this week and need it larger next week, I just need to put it back in a scanner and make it larger.

Why shouldn't surveillance cameras be used in school?

Well on my side of view i would say no because people could be taking unnecessary photos or things or people which could cause bullying.

On the other hand some people believe cameras should be allowed to capture pictures of people bullying or carrying dangerous items.

What is the value of a Polaroid 450 camera manufactured in West Germany?

The Polaroid 450 was manufacture from 1971-1974 and originally retailed for $164.95.

Complete Polaroid 450 kits with Zeiss rangefinder sell for $50-$100 at auction; the better condition the higher price you can command, but low demand for film cameras suggests the high end may be around $125.

[November 2010]

What DVD equipment do you need to create and edit movies directly from a digital hi8 video camera?

The easiest way to edit movies is with a computer. So the first thing you will need is the proper computer. (considering you already have a camera) When you are looking for a computer to use for video editing, you should get the best computer you can find (fastest processor, most RAM or memory, biggest hard drive you can afford or find) This is true for anything that deals with computers. To do video editing for output to DVD you will need a couple other items, too. > You will need a second hard drive, approximately 200 GB in size, because most professionals recommend having one hard drive for the operating system and programs, etc. and a second only for project files to reside on. Make sure the hard drive runs at the highest RPM you can find. Also, if you can afford it and it is supported by your computers motherboard, get a SATA hard drive. SATA HD's have a fater data rate, typically. * A second, dedicated hard drive is not required. However, you will need at least 150 to 200 GB of free space for a few hours of digital, high quality video. > You will need a DVD writer. There are many DVD writers out there. If you wish to buy the best, buy the DVD writer that has the fastest data rates (fastest read/write rates). If you can afford it (at least $50) you can get a decent Sony DVD Dual Writer. With Dual Layered DVDs you can get twice as much data, or video, onto the DVDs which can play in any normal DVD player. > You will need some way to get the video onto your computer. So you will either need a video converter or a FireWire (IEEE 1394) connection. For analog video cameras that have RCA (composite) jacks, which are the red, white, and yellow round jacks, then you will need a video converter. For a digital camera (which will typically use Digital8 or MiniDV tapes, or some sort of disk or memory card) which has a FireWire connection on it, you will need a firewire connection on the computer. * some video converters can be in the form of internal cards or external devices that connect to the computer via USB or FireWire. > The last thing you will need is a video editing program. You can find video editing programs at your local Best Buy. The best bet would be to go with a product by Adobe, Pinnacle Systems, or Ulead. Once you have all this equipment, you will be able to record the video onto the computer, edit the video, and then burn the video to a DVD.

Another option is to use a video transfer service. You just send them your tapes and they handle the transfer to digital files for you. Some, like StashSpace.com ($7/tape) even let you edit the video online or get back the files on a hard drive or data DVD.

http://www.stashspace.com/video-transfer/hi8-dvd-transfer.stm

Why are cameras called Cameras?

well, the original camera, invented by Nicéphore Niépce called the camera obscura, was latin, and meant dark chamber. So it had to with the process of making the photograph

What is a brief description of the camera?

Answer 1A very brief and very over-simplified description is that a camera is:

1. a "box"

2. with a light sensitive media [film or electronic light sensing grid] at the back side,

3. with an opening [lens or pin hole] at the front to admit light from a subject and to form an image on the media,

4. and a method [a diaphragm to control the intensity of the light, and a shutter to control the length of time the light is allow to strike the media] of controlling the amount of light getting to the media.

What is the value of a Polaroid 450 land camera?

The only camera Polaroid made in 1950 was the Model 95 Land camera, which originally retailed for $89.75. The company manufactured approximately 900,000 units between 1948 and 1953.

The value of the camera depends largely on its condition. Auction prices range anywhere from $10.00 for one in slightly roughed-up condition to approximately $60.00 for one in excellent condition. Most appear to sell for $20-$35.00.

In a movie what does the Director of Photography do?

The Director of Photography (or DP) is in charge of what the film looks like, in the sense of its cinematography. They are in charge of the camera and lighting crews and deal with the technical aspects of the film.

Why is a camera useful for desktop publishing?

It's useful because you can take anything with it from animals in a zoo to mountains and other important mornuments, you have freedom with it and you can take a picture of whatever you want whereas if you go to google you choices are limited

What is the difference between the cameras then and now?

newer cameras have more mega pixels for less the price. which basically means you get a better picture on cameras now than you would on an older camera. Along with being smaller that the older ones and have a better flash. The pictures are also in color with the newer ones as for the older cameras are black and white.

What are the American brands of camera?

According to a recent survey (March 2012) conducted by online buying assistant Sortable, Canon is the most popular camera brand with one-third of all consumers owning or seeking to own a Canon model. Consumers were split between DSLR and point-and-shoot with 36% favorable towards each, whole 22% sought mirrorless cameras and 6% liked other types.

Here is some additional data:

Professional: Nikon, Sony, Canon

Non Professional: Sony, Canon, Nikon, Olympus, Pentax

Whats the environmental impact of cameras?

That's got to be very complicated because some toxic substances go into making electronics and others were used to develop film. But since memory lasts a long time, I think digital is likely more green in the long run. On one hand you have camera carrying tourists who wear down ancient ruins, but would probably do that with or without a camera. What they discard is probably a bigger deal. On the other hand, a camera in the right hands can tell a story and make a positive difference. We wouldn't be learning nearly as much as we do about earth and the atmosphere without digital cameras on board satellites. Cameras are (or were) also used in the process of making circuit chips - and so the computer and still better cameras. Now x-ray machines are being converted to the lower energy variety using a digital sensor instead of film. There are so many sides to this, but most are positive in my book.

How do you use digital cameras?

Before an actual image is recorded, a number of measurements are taken by the camera as you press on the shutter release. It figures out the focus to ensure a sharp image, and it measures the available light to determine the aperture (a hole within the lens, which size can be adjusted) and shutter speed needed to record the image.

When you press the shutter release all the way, here's where the magic begins. The aperture would jump to whatever setting the camera (or you) decided to use, and the shutter opens to allow light to reach the sensor.

The time the shutter remains open (ie. shutter speed) and the size of the aperture will both determine how much light reaches the sensor. For example, your camera would need a larger aperture and longer time to record an image in a dim room (the latter is the reason why photos taken in the dark without flash tends to be blurry. Your hands would be shaking the whole time and the camera records all that motion) compared to broad daylight.

The sensor itself is either a CCD (Couple-Charged Device) or CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) microchip. What this means is unimportant.

These sensors are made of an array of tiny squares, usually blue, green and red arranged into a mosaic pattern, called pixels. Of course, there are exceptions (like Fuji, which have hexagonal pixels in some of their camera sensors, and Sigma, which stacks all three colours instead of arranging them side-by-side).

You can think light as very tiny packets of energy. A stream of packets of energy. These packets are called photons. When they hit a pixel, it creates a small electrical current is generated. The more light, the more current. These electrical signals are amplified (to make the signal stronger) and are converted into digital signals by the ADC (Analog/Digital Converter).

Once that's done, a microprocessor processes your image. It sharpens the image, increases the contrast, maybe make it black and white if you like, and perhaps add a date stamp. The processes here are many and varied, but it ends with packaging the file into a smaller size (usually a JPEG file) and sends it to the memory card. You can now switch to playback mode, show it to your friends, and laugh at how silly you look during that last Halloween party.

Some cameras (typically more expensive ones) also have a separate, small, temporary, but very fast memory called buffer memory. It stores the image while its slowly being recorded into the memory card, so you can shoot another picture right away instead of waiting for it to finish recording. Sports photographers are especially dependant on this feature to record the heat of the action, often at anywhere between 5 to 10 pictures EACH SECOND!

What if a camera lens has a high f number?

The f on a camera lens is the maximum aperture of the lens. It is sometimes listed as 1:X with X being the maximum aperture. For example:
- Canon EF 50mm f1.4 is a 50mm prime lens with a maximum aperture of 1.4
- Tamron 90mm f2.8 is a 90mm prime lens with a maximum aperture of 2.8
- Canon 70-200mm f/4 is a lens with a focal length of 70-200mm and a maximum aperture of 4.

How much does a decent camera cost?

it's depend on your choice and functionality you are looking in a new camera.

Following are some good SLR cameras, which can cost you around £350-£700 in various range and with various options in UK.
Nikon D3000 Digital SLR Camera
Canon EOS 500D Digital SLR Camera
Canon EOS 1000D
Canon EOS 450D Digital SLR Camera
Nikon D5000 Digital SLR Camera
Nikon D90 Digital SLR Camera


For regular use you can prefer digital cameras such as,
Fujifilm FinePix J30 Digital Camera - Black (12.2MP, 3x Zoom) 2.7 inch LCD
£69 - £106
Canon Digital IXUS 95 IS Digital Camera - Silver (10 MP, 3.0x Optical Zoom) 2.5 inch LCD
£124 - £151
Samsung ES15 Digital Camera - Black (10MP, 3x Optical Zoom) 2.5 inch LCD
£59 - £76
Samsung ES55 Digital Camera - Black (10MP, 3x Optical Zoom) 2.5 inch LCD
£66 - £90
Fujifilm FinePix J30 Digital Camera - Pink (12.2MP, 3x Zoom) 2.7 inch LCD
£69 - £106
Samsung ES55 Digital Camera - Pink (10MP, 3x Optical Zoom) 2.5 inch LCD
£66 - £90
Panasonic Lumix FS15 Digital Camera - Black (12.1MP, 5x Optical Zoom) 2.7 inch LCD
£125 - £140
Panasonic Lumix TZ7 Digital Camera - Black (10.1MP, 12x Optical Zoom) 3.0 inch LCD
£235 - £280
Panasonic Lumix TZ6 Digital Camera - Black (10.1MP, 12x Optical Zoom) 2.7 inch LCD
Fujifilm FinePix S1500fd Digital Camera - Black (10MP, 12x Optical Zoom) 2.7 inch LCD
£119 - £190

These are some popular brands nikon, canon, pentax, leica, sigma, sony, fuji, nikkor, olympus.
It's always a buyer's choice and you should list out your needs and requirements for getting best options and better deals.


You can find detail comparison and latest price updates from some well known price comparison sites in UK e.g. best-discount-deals.co.uk, etc..


I have added some reference links for your help.

What are the similarities between a camera and a human eye in terms of the image formed?

Both cameras and eyes have lenses that can focus and will project an image ( upside down ) of what they are looking at, and the Pupil from an human eye can expand or contract to adjust the amount of light that enters, this is the same as the shutter of a camera.

What is the difference between camera and pinhole camera?

I'm looking for the same answer,someone reply!.

cos' when i look on Google it suggests the similarities but not the differences-.-

c'mon people:L.

answ2. have a crack at Pinhole Camera in wikipedia.org, and similarly with eye.

How do you transfer images from a camera or memory card to your computer?

My best guess would be to use the usb data cord that may have come with your camera to load pics to your computer. After that,I suggest uploading the pics from the comp to your sd card via usb card reader(you can get them on ebay.ca for $10 including shipping) or at The Source for $20.Hope this helps someone.

On my Nikon Coolpix L11, you put your sd card in, hit menu, then copy. It will then ask you if you want to copy from camera to sd, or reverse. Then it will ask you to choose one photo or select all. It works great, hope it works on your camera too.

What is exposure in a digital camera?

Exposure is the combination of shutter speed and aperture used to expose the image sensor in a digital camera.

When the image sensor receives the right amount of light, your picture comes out correctly exposed.

The camera's light meter determines how big to open the aperture (the hole to allow light in) and for how long (the shutter speed).

If the image sensor receives less light than it requires, your picture comes out under-exposed.

If the image sensor receives more light than it requires, your picture comes out over-exposed.