Communism

Russia, the Soviet Union didn't exist yet, is the first to adopt communism , but it was invented by two German economists, Karl Marx and Fredrich Engels, in their book " The Communist Manifesto ", published in 1848.

damino theory

POLICY OF CONTAINMENT in Actions A. Truman Doctrine 1947: US Prez Truman approved giving $400 million in aid to Greece and Turkey (because communist were threatened to take them over) B. US pledged to support countires that rejected communism C. Marshall Plan 1948: $12.5 billion program to provide food, machines, and other materials to countires rebuilding after World War II (keep them strong against communism)

There were several responses, socially and militarily.

Basically after World War 2 ended, the great powers of the world divided into Soviet Russia (USSR - United Soviet Socialist Russia) and the United States. The "Red Menace" as Communism was often called flew in the face of Capitalism and each side saw the opposing system as a threat to their own existence.

In the United States people from all walks of life, but especially those who were famous for their wealth or recognition, were investigated by the FBI under J. Edgar Hoover. The House "UnAmerican Activities Committee" hearings, overseen by Joseph McCarthy (whose radical approach was termed "McCarthy-ism") were televised and people were expected to reveal names of those who may have some connection, either direct or indirect, with communist groups, meetings, ideology, etc (i.e. you were invited to a dinner party and someone else at the same party knew someone who once went to a communist party meeting 10 years previously). All previous political party affiliations were investigated, "guilt by association" was common place. Several of those investigated were later prevented from working or earning a living, forcing them to Europe or to work here under pseudonyms. These hearings proceeded from roughly the early to late '50's and devastated the lives of many prominent people.

Militarily, panic reigned as the world started to understand the power of atomic energy as revealed by the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki ending the Pacific front of World War 2. The imminent fear of Russia or its communist allies (China and Cuba) using atomic weapons on the US or its allies (and vice versa) fueled experiments with nuclear energy, military expansion (both weaponry and global military stations) and the space age. The Cuban Missile Crisis and the Bay of Pigs, during the Kennedy administration, revealed the hysteria that lurk underneath. The Cold War continued through the '80's until the election of Mikhail Gorbachev, who, unlike his predecessors, showed an inclination towards opening up dialogue with the west. His repeated meetings with Britain's Margaret Thatcher and US's Ronald Reagan in the early '80's culminated with a social rebellion, Reagan's famous appeal "Mr. Gorbachev, Tear Down that Wall!", (referring to the wall that divided East and West Berlin that was symbolic of the repression of the Communist totalitarian system of government), the re-unification of Germany, the rise of capitalism in eastern europe, and free elections. During this transition, Russia underwent great financial and political upheaval for more than a decade.

The Communist Manifesto written in 1848 stated that there would be and "Abolition of property in land and application of all rents of land to public purposes." This was completely implemented in Russia, but altered slightly so that it allowed most children to remain in the homes their parents grew up in even if they did not legally own it. The Manifesto also stated that there would be "A heavy progressive or graduated income tax." Lenin definitely distorted this element when he implemented a full pay scale controlled by the government, which picked and chose how much money each person would receive according to their needs. Because the citizens were receiving (in a sense) government money, each person was obligated to work for a government job. If any man was found not in accordance with this law, they could be sentenced to prison or exile.

The idea of a proletariat revolution was first brought up by Marx who believed that it would occur internationally. Lenin countered the idea later by stating his belief that it could occur in a single country and intended to implement it in Russia. To ensure its success, because Russia did not run on a capitalist system, Lenin created a new form of Capitalism.

Another significant difference between Marxism and Leninism is that Marx saw the necessary elements of a revolution among the workers of an industrialized nation, such as England. Lenin's revolution was in an agriculturally dominated society. Lenin in fact, made Marxism fit into Russia. Marx also believed the capitalists would by the "science of his economics" revolt against the capitalists. Lenin's Bolshevik revolt was against the socialist minded Mensheviks. This group led its revolution against a monarchy, not a capitalist society.

In addition to the above, Marx would have never agreed to Lenin's NEC policy. Also many claim that Lenin was so flexible that almost anything he did or wrote could be a cause for change & claim it was Leninism. One large example of this came in 1962. Both the Soviet Union and China claimed that "their" version of Lenin on peaceful coexistence was correct. It was a bitter struggle between the Soviets & China.

No. Morocco is not a democracy it is a constitutional monarchy with Parliament

Communism (classless stateless society) has never existed.

a group of people who live close to one another and often work toward common goals.

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels are the authors - The term 'communism' was first used in modern times by the French lawyer Etiénne Cabet in the late 1830s. The term spread rapidly, so that Karl Marx could entitle one of his first political articles of 16 October 1842 'Der Kommunismus und die Augsburger Allgemeine Zeitung'. He noted that 'communism' was already an international movement.

reduce government control over the economy.

Lenin was living in self-imposed exile in Switzerland at the onset of World War 1. In April, 1917, with the help of the German government, he went back to Russia. In July 1917, he fled to Finland to escape the Tsarist police after an attempt to overthrow the Tsar failed. Then Lenin came back into Russia, hid out until the October Revolution and remained in Russia until the end of World War 1.

There is a lot of debate over this issue, but the countries that people generally think of when they think of Communism (Russia, China, Cuba, North Korea, Vietnam e.t.c) aren't, and weren't, Communist (except perhaps Russia, for a brief period after the Russian Revolution of 1917). Many of them were headed by Communists, but the policies enacted within these countries weren't to serve the people themselves (as is the bottom line of Communist thought), but to serve the top dogs. These countries are typically referred to as Communist States, but that's a contradiction in terms, as one of the main necessities for a country to be Communist is for the structure of the state to be demolished.

A common feature of almost all of the so called 'Communist States' is what is known as State Capitalism, where the productive forces are controlled solely by the state in a capitalistic manner, which isn't Communism. In short, none of the countries that people think of when they think of Communism were Communist. Communism is basically where the means of production are owned collectively by the working class, not the state. The Paris commune and 'anarchist' Spain are small scale examples of this.

Covert military actions or covert military aid

Joseph McCarthy.

Because communist places such as China people have no say the government controls everything

Communism is a socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of a classless, stateless society based on common ownership of the means of production.[1] It is usually considered a branch of the broader socialist movement that draws on the various political and intellectual movements that trace their origins back to the work of theorists of the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution[2]. Communism attempts to offer an alternative to the problems believed to be inherent with capitalist economies and the legacy of imperialism and nationalism. Communism states that the only way to solve these problems would be for the working class, or proletariat, to replace the wealthy bourgeoisie, which is currently the ruling class, in order to establish a peaceful, free society, without classes, or government.[3] The dominant forms of communism, such as Leninism, Trotskyism and Luxemburgism, are based on Marxism, but non-Marxist versions of communism (such as Christian communism and anarchist communism) also exist and are growing in importance since the fall of the Soviet Union

"From each according to his ability, to each according to his need" is the Marxist slogan, which basically states that each individual will work and contribute to the entire society as best they can, while society will provide for everyone some level of need regardless of contribution.

However, this ends with the individual being owned by the state. In order to provide everyone their needs, individuals become nothing more than a resource to be used as the state defines in order to reach their goal of providing needs to all citizens.

Because the majority of the population is usually poor and also communist countries are usuall quite corrupt so a lot of money goes to military leaders, dictators and gangsters. But the actual country may still have a fair bit of money

Richard Nixon is an American politician became the vice President of the United States because he opposed communism.

This is a defunct question. Going by the theory of each, both elect leaders and both should be fair. However in practice communistic states turn out to be more like dictatorships.

What the question should be is comparing Communism with Capitalism. Again, in theory Communism is fair, whereas Capitalism is rich people controlling society and paying workers, the workers then spending the money on the products the company owners manufacture. But Communism in practice is rarely fair, with no-one getting enough save a few in the leaders favor, and the leader themselves.

Communism is still a viable form of government amongst certain isolationist religious groups. In the world political realm it is debatable by what you exactly mean.

It may be as early as Stalin or as late as Gorbachev or even Kim il-sung.

.

The United States fought both Cuba and Russia to fight the spread of communism. One effect of this was the Cold War which lasted through much of the 1950s and 1060s.