0
Computer Programming
A category for questions about computer programming and programming languages.
10,506 Questions
Object-Oriented Programming has the following advantages over conventional approaches:
- The complexity of the software can be merged easily.
- The data hiding concept helps the programmer to build secure programs.
- Through class concept we can define the user defined data types.
- The inheritance concept can be used to eliminate the redundant code.
- The message passing concept helps the programmer for communicating between different objects.
- Through the inheritance concept we can define different classes with combined features.
- New data and functions can be easily coded whenever necessary.
- OOP treats data as critical element and do not allow to floe freely around the program.
- OOP ties data elements more closely to the functions that operates on.
allows system reusability
Who is the first lady who brought computer program?
You are probably referring to Ada Lovelace who wrote an algorithm for Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine. She is credited with being the first computer programmer. However, she did not write any programming language; the machine's language was an integral part of the machine's design.
What are the effectiveness of algorithm?
- •
-space
•Benchmarking: implement algorithm,
-run with some specific input and measure time taken
-better for comparing performance of processors than for comparing performance of algorithms
•Big Oh (asymptotic analysis)
-associates n, the problem size,
-with t, the processing time required to solve the problem
What is the difference between exe and class files?
in .exe file it contains
machine understandable code. but in .class file it contain only byte code which is not understadable by the microprocessor it will understud by the jvm only . we con't execute .class file without jvm . but we can execute .exe file without c-compiler .
Why are stand alone machines safe from hackers?
There is only one point of entry as opposed to many. If a single computer in a network of 100 computers is compromised, the whole network my be compromised. A standalone computer is also safer because it's more actively maintained and less network-based. For example, the organization I'm in has shared computers, but most software hasn't been updated since two years ago.
Open to public (for those clients who could find the web service)
Scalable (multi-threaded)
Encapsulate service code/operations (could be very complex) via a standardized and simplified invocation.
Reuse without re-developing, rebuilding. (no development time, or just minimal to make the service call)
The clients may be implemented in different computer languages than the one the web service being coded in
The plateform of the client may be different from the web service host.
(For example: A Java application running on Unix calling a .Net web service on a Windows server.)
Advantages of command driven interface?
A CLI interface can be implemented on far fewer resources. The CLI is far better for scripting and automated purposes, as well as issuing simple commands. Finally, a CLI interface is generally not subject to copyright, whereas GUIs are.
Write a program to check a number is negative or positive?
#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
int num;
do {
scanf ("Enter a number (0 to exit): %d", num);
if (num>0)
printf ("The number is positive.\n");
else if (num<0)
printf ("The number is negative.\n");
else
printf ("The number is zero, neither positive nor negative\n");
} while (num);
return 0;
}
Write a program to count the length of a string without using built in functions?
In JavaScript: To find the length of the string we you length method.
__
__
__
Click the button to return the number of characters in the string "Hello World!".
click here
__
__
function myFunction() {
var str = "Hello World!";
var n = str.length;
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = n;
}
__
__
__
Hope this helps. Thank you
What are the types of Decision Support Systems?
A Decision Support System is a computer-based information system that assists business or organizational decision-making activities. DSSs serve the management, operations, and planning levels of an organization and help to make decisions, which may be rapidly changing and not easily specified in advance.
What is the difference between register and resister in elecronics?
A resistor reduces the flow of current between two terminals and thus reduces voltage. this is achieved through electrical resistance. All electrical conductors are resisters, some more resistant than others. The less resistance offered by a conductor, the easier it is for electricity to flow, thus the higher the current. Thus resisters allow circuit designers to control the flow of electricity.
A register is a small unit of storage used by a digital processor. Computers typically have a relatively large array of working memory, however all the actual processing is done via a small set of registers. Registers work in much the same way as main memory, typically using a capacitor and transistor pair to denote each bit, however registers are significantly faster. Some registers are used for housekeeping purposes such as to keep track of the next instruction and for marking the top of the program stack, while other are used to provide input and output for the current instruction. In order for an instruction to process a value that value must first be moved to a register, typically one of the accumulator registers. If the instruction requires another operand, it must be moved to another register, typically a user register. After processing, the accumulator's value is moved back to main memory, either by the instruction itself or by a subsequent instruction.
What kind of program and computer does Stephen King use to write?
The web site STEPHEN KING (dot) COM allows you to take a virtual tour of Stephen's office. There, on his virtual desk, you'll see an iMAC computer. So I'm assuming he uses an iMAC in real life too.
What is the difference between software model and methodology?
A software process model is an abstract description of a piece of software. The software itself is an actual program (or set of programs) which can run on your computer.
What is file oriented approach and database oriented approach?
The file is store the data as document type, we don't have give particular data-type of data which will be store in it.
But in database system there are specified structure (like in table format) of data store. First we have to make format with particulate data-type for the data, which will store in it.
other
The file has no record system, while database system store data with record in row, it is easy to maintain.
What Are the effects of over abstraction?
Over abstraction, in computer programming terms, means that you use inheritance too often in your code. If you look for any two classes which share a common function and make an abstract class for them to inherit, then you are most likely guilty of over abstraction.
This is a common problem found in programmers new to the world of object-oriented programming.
Much of this is a Coding Style subjective answer, but overall, I think useful:
A good rule of thumb is that you are over-abstracting your problem if a class hierarchy has more than about a half-dozen ancestors before it gets to a pre-defined type. That is, if your program subclasses a library object (or the base Object) more than about 6 times, you should really re-consider how you've laid out your inheritance tree.
Additionally, very, very few inheritance trees should have more than one user-defined Abstract class per branch.
Take a look a the Java Class Library tree - I can't name any class which has more than 4 subclass-ings from Object.
Difference between function and recursive variable?
A function can map for sets with infinite elements. Recursive variables, being 'algorithms of algorithms', are restricted to finite elements.
Microsoft Word and Word Perfect are two types of word Processing systems. There are others out these but these are just two examples.
Algorithm to find whether given string is palidrome?
Let L = length of the string.
greatest integer (L/2) gives the number of pairs of characters that must be compared.
For example if there are 10 letters 10/2 = 5.
abcdeedcba
If there are 11 letters, 11/5= 5.5, also 5. The 6th letter won't matter in this palindrome because it doesn't have to match another character.
abcdefedcba
Once we have the number of pairs [L/2], we need only run a loop,
as 'i' goes from 1 to [L/2]
check that "character i" = "character L+1-i"
C program for linear search using non recursive functiontion?
void main(){
int a[10],i,n,m,c=0;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the size of an array");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\nEnter the elements of the array");
for(i=0;i<=n-1;i++){
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
printf("\nThe elements of an array are");
for(i=0;i<=n-1;i++){
printf(" %d",a[i]);
}
printf("\nEnter the number to be search");
scanf("%d",&m);
for(i=0;i<=n-1;i++)
{
if(a[i]==m)
{
c=1;
break;
}
}
if(c==0)
printf("\nThe number is not in the list");
else
printf("\nThe number is found");
getch();
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------Answer by Jatinder Pal Singh
#include
#include
void main()
{
clrscr();
int i,n,item,a[20];
printf("\nEnter no of elements=");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\nEnter %d elements=",n);
for(i=0;i
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
printf("\nEnter the element to be search=");
scanf("%d",&item);
for(i=0;i
if(a[i]==item)
{
printf("\n\t%d is present at position %d",a[i],i+1);
break;
}
}
if(i==n)
printf("\nElement is not Present");
getch();
}
Which is the first step in the program development cycle?
Mainly for every program to be created these are the fundamental steps to be noted by every one
They are....
1. Analysis of the problem given by the user:
In this the problem given is discussed and understanding the problem by revising it carefully and assess the needs of the users.
2. Specification and design of the problem:
i.The problem given to the programmer is accessed and define a format and type the data to the program.
ii.The design of the screen the user will use
iii. defining the kind of data entered to the program and required data to be displayed by the program
iv. Drawing the alogorithm, flow charts to caluclate outputs for the given inputs by the user.
3. Writing an program:
A program is written to the problem given by the user and writing the code necessary to fullfill all the requirements of the problem. The code is a text based file which when complied creates the program.
4. Finding of errors:
Errors in programming are of three types they are
i. Syntactical errors
ii. Logical errors
iii. Run time errors
detection of these errors from the program and eliminating them
5.Testing of Program:
Testing of an program is done in two steps
i. Alpha test:
Here the program is checked initially by the programmer.
ii. Beta test:
Here the officials who are having a knowledge in programming will test the program and find out if there are any errors in it.
6. Documentation of the program:
The Documentation of the program that describes how it will works and how to run it. If there are any errors after the delivery of the program then it can be eradicated by updating the version by removing the errors
What are the importance of expert system?
the benefits of ES to end users include:
- A speed-up of human professional or semi-professional work -- typically by a factor of ten and sometimes by a factor of a hundred or more.
- Within companies, major internal cost savings. For small systems, savings are sometimes in the tens or hundreds of thousands of dollars; but for large systems, often in the tens of millions of dollars and as high as hundreds of millions of dollars. These cost savings are a result of quality improvement, a major motivation for employing expert system technology.
- Improved quality of decision making. In some cases, the quality or correctness of decisions evaluated after the fact show a ten-fold improvement.
- Preservation of scarce expertise. ESs are used to preserve scarce know-how in organizations, to capture the expertise of individuals who are retiring, and to preserve corporate know-how so that it can be widely distributed to other factories, offices or plants of the company.
- Introduction of new products. A good example of a new product is a pathology advisor sold to clinical pathologists in hospitals to assist in the diagnosis of diseased tissue.
Compare c plus plus and visual basic?
Visual Basic is a Windows-specific programming language, developed by Microsoft. C++ is a standard, generic and cross-platform programming language. Microsoft's implementation is called Visual C++, but it is not standards-compliant. Visual Basic requires a runtime library. C++ does not. Visual Basic is 100% object-oriented. C++ is not 100% object-oriented, but gives programmers greater freedom of choice. C++ is efficient, compact and performs extremely well on a wide variety of hardware. Visual Basic programs are inefficient, generally large, and much slower than equivalent C++ programs, and only run on Windows.
What do you know about structure programming language?
first write main function and what are the use classes which type you want then give the data members to the member functions finally you will terminate the program
Difference between computer application and IT?
computer application is just software, IT (information technology) in general is an organization, or the persons within that organization.
They are totally different, apple and Apple computer!
