Electronics Engineering

If the coil encloses an iron rod, then the magnetic field strength inside a current-carrying coil will be increased. This occurs because the air path in the coil is made shorter by putting in the rod. This in turn causes an increase in the field.

No. Pure water will not conduct electricity.

An auto-switching power supply is one which can switch between power inputs instantaneously, preventing a loss of current to the machine.

These power supplies may have redundancy built into them (in effect, they may be one or more traditional power supplies built to work together), or they may not. the key is that they have multiple power inputs (usually in the form of two or more power cords), and can chose which ones to draw power from.

The cause is the voltage regulator within the alternator (working normal). When the voltage higher it is charging the battery like after you start your car or have the headlights and wipers on. The voltage regulator keeps your battery charged up. In order to charge the battery, voltage must be higher than battery voltage.

You need to know the temperature of the reference junction and the voltage difference between the reference and sensing junctions.

First, you convert the reference temperature to a voltage using the reverse equation or table for your thermocouple type. Then you sum that voltage with the measured voltage. Finally, you convert the summed voltage back to a temperature using the equation or table for the thermocouple type you are using. If the reference junction is at zero degrees C, you can skip the reference summing part. Before computer processing was easy and cheap, the reference junction was often kept in an ice water bath for that reason.

true and false

micro controller is software and fpga is hardware

ls in the 74ls32 stands for "Low Power Schott Key"

Yes.

yes one can do it because since theyn are of the same degree of affliation

first it converts ac to dc as rectifier

But the required dc voltage is obtained by taking average of on & off DC input voltage.

An analog voltmeter measure voltage and resistance along with the current. The parts include a needle, a spring, resistors, and a way to control it. That would be a knob or rheostat.

Three 2-input XOR gates and one 3-input NOR gate will do the work. Connect each output of each XOR gate to one input of the 3-input NOR gate and apply the two 3-bit words to the inputs of the XOR gates. If X (X2X1X0) and Y(Y2Y1Y0) are two 3-bit words, X2 and Y2 will connect to one XOR gate, X1 and Y1 to the next XOR gate and X0 and Y0 to the last XOR gate. You could see the result of the operation on a LED connected to the output of the NOR gate. Other implementations are also possible of course.

The solution above is absolutely correct, but includes a 3 input gate. If the task is to use only two input gates, then a small change will be needed. Take the outputs from any two XOR gates into a 2 input OR gate. Then take the output of the OR gate and the output of the third XOR gate into a 2 input NOR gate. The operation remains identical to the first solution but adheres to the brief of using gates with 2 inputs. In the real world, there is probably no reason to impose such a limitation on a design so the first solution would normally be the preferred route to take.

An electric charge can be either negative or positive. The smallest quantity of negative charge is the amount represented by one electron, and this is exactly equal to the amount of positive charge represented by one proton. In practice, charge is measured in coulombs (C).

Normally, atoms have identical numbers of protons and electrons, so atoms are normally neutral. Atoms that are charged are called 'ions'. A 'positive ion' has an overall positive charge, which means it has more protons than electrons. A 'negative ion' has an overall negative charge, which means it has more electrons than protons.

'Free electons' are negatively-charged sub-atomic particles that have become detached from an atom. Most metals have an abundance of free electrons, and it is a drift of these free electrons that constitute an electric current. In electrolytes (conducting fluids) a current is usually a movement of positive or negative ions.

In both cases, an electric current is a drift of electrical charge. An electric current is measured in amperes (A).

The ampere is an SI base unit, and defined in terms of the force between parallel, current-carrying conductors, due to their magnetic fields. A coulomb is an SI derived unit, defined in terms of current and time, as an ampere second.

Ohm's Law.

There is no "advantage and disadvantage of radar range over radar bearing" because they're two separate measurements.

You take both measurements with a radar. Your first measurement listed was radar range. It's pretty simple to measure. Your radar puts out a pulse of energy. That energy flies through free air at 300,000 kilometers per second--it's a little less but that number will work. It has to hit the target and come back, so the speed of radar is actually 150,000 km/sec. If the pulse comes back 1/10,000 of a second after it went out, the target is 15 km away.

Radar bearing is even simpler: you index your antenna to true north. If your antenna is turning and it gets a reflection when your antenna is on a 40-degree azimuth, and the target is 10 km from where you are, you can pinpoint the guy pretty easily.

There are a few other tests you can do with a radar, like altitude (this is done with a radar that scans up and down rather than side to side, used in conjunction with a distance-measuring radar - if you know the angle from you to the plane you're trying to shoot down and its distance from you, you can calculate its altitude) and speed. Measuring speed is done with a radar with a fixed antenna, and it uses the Doppler principle. You send out a radar beam at a known frequency. It reflects off the target, changing frequency as it does - the frequency increases if the target is moving toward the radar, and decreases if the target is moving away from it. (This is how police radar works, and a million cops can't be wrong.) When the beam returns to the radar, they mix the returned signal with the signal coming off the oscillator. They will "beat" together and produce a signal with the difference frequency - if you send out a 10 GHz signal and get one back that is 1200 Hertz lower, mixing the two signals out-of-phase produces a 1200 Hertz signal. They know the number of Hertz the signal will shift for each mile or kilometer per hour; divide the difference signal by the difference-per-unit of speed, subtract the legal speed in the area, and you get the amount of trouble you're in.

You can also guide missiles with radar. This takes two radars. One of them is a target tracking radar. The other is on a different frequency and its antenna is steered by the target tracker so it illuminates the thing you're trying to kill. The missile senses that second radar's frequency and rides in on the radar beam.

And finally is the Phased Array Radar. Phased array radars consist of a panel containing thousands of radar transceivers arranged in a grid, that are switched and interpreted by a computer. You can install multiple panels in your system; the AEGIS radar system the US Navy uses has four panels in it. The advantage of a phased array is it can do everything all the other radar types can do, at the same time and on multiple targets. The disadvantages are that it's expensive, it's big and it requires a huge amount of power to make this work - the AEGIS system has a maximum power output off all four arrays of 6 megawatts. (This also introduces a workplace safety issue; an antenna emitting 1.5 megawatts of microwave energy will cook - literally cook, just like a microwave oven - anything within ten feet of it. Crewmen on AEGIS warships have to pick up the dead seagulls off the deck after the radar is used; if a bird flies in front of one of those arrays, it gets killed.) The advantages - being able to track altitude, speed and direction on every plane in the sky, and guide missiles on the hostiles, all at the same time on the same screen - so outweigh the disadvantages that designers will use phased arrays any time they can.

Load the film and press run

A: It harder for the simple fact that the shunt resistance must be very small and precise to give a corrupt reading. As amps increases problems crap up like the very small shunt value not forgetting then now power dissipation comes to trouble us with thermal inaccuracy due to heat

depletion layer

depletion zone

juntion region

space charge region

bipolar transistor

field effect transistor

variable capacitance diode

Please define which limitation is being addressed here.

Resistance is due to a property specific resistance of material. In no way resistance depends on the voltage applied. This is the case of ordinary conductor. But in case of semi conductor or insulator there may be chances to get a variation of conductance and hence resistance due to potential applied.

dBm means "decibels relative to 1 mW". B is the symbol for the unit bel, and decibel is 1/10th of a bel. Bels are used to measure ratios between two measurements, not an absolute measurement by themselves. In this case you're measuring relative to 1 mW.

So, for instance, if a device is producing 100 mW, this will be 100 times your reference of 1 mW. "100 times" the power is equal to 20 decibels, so this would be 20 dBm.

Using Ohm's law E = I x R. R = E/I 120/10 = 12 ohms, I = E/R 120/6 = 20 amps. Resistance cut in half, current doubles.

A Unijunction Transistor is a transistor that acts solely as a switch.

transformers are designed as turn ratio specified as 1:1 for 1:to 1 ratio but it could be any empirical number. say 100v on a ratio of 1:0.5 the output voltage will be 50v. I am afraid that is the basic there is more while the output voltage maybe there current maybe not because of internal losses. so the design must include foreseeing losses to get out of a transformer what is required.