0
Intel 8085
Introduced by Intel in 1977, the Intel 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor that is binary-compatible with Intel 8080. It only requires a +5-volt power supply and has been used as a microcontroller.
1,493 Questions
Explain the need to demultiplex the bus AD7-AD0 in 8085 microprocessor?
The AD0-AD7 lines in an 8085 are multiplexed to reduce the pin count of the IC. Several added features were added to the 8085 from the 8080 design, and Intel did not want to require a larger package.
How much maximum memory size that 8085 can access?
Yes and no. All memory location from 0H to 0FFFFH are addressable, but some of them are needed for the program, interrupt vectors, and the stack, so you would need to pay attention to where things are located in memory to design an appropriate program. In addition, if your system is using memory mapped I/O, some locations will be reserved.
How you calculate the physical address in 8086 microprocessor with example?
The physical address in the 8086/8088 is calculated by adding the effective address with the contents of one of the segment registers left shifted by 4 bit positions. This results in a 20 bit address bus.
As an example, if the CS register contains 1234H, and the IP register contains 5678H, then the next instruction is fetched from physical address 179B8H, which is 1234H times 16 (12340H) plus 5678H.
The segment register used is selected by context, or by using a segment override prefix, however, the code segment register (CS) can not be overidden during instruction fetch, nor can the stack segment register (SS) be overidden during stack pushes and pops.
What is psw in 8086 microprocessor?
The current state of the processor is stored in a register called Processor Status Word(PSW).The PSW contains bits which indicate such things as whether the previous arithmetic operations produced a positive,negative or zero result. If a subtract instruction is followed by a "branch on zero" instruction ,then the branch will be taken if the PSW indicates that the subtraction resulted in a zero. Most loops,such as DO-WHILE,FOR,etc involve incrementing or decrementing a counter and repeating the loop until the counter reaches the limit.Each time the counter is changed,the result is compared with the limit,the PSW is set accordingly,and branch is taken or not depending on the contents of the PSW. The 8086 microprocessor has a 16-bit PSW.Each bit of this PSW is known as a flag and 7 out of these are not used.The 9 flags are classified into control flags and condition flags.
What is the difference between supervision and instruction?
Supervision is to watch over someone. Instruction is to teach.
Ex. A teacher instructs a student. A parent may supervise the child while they do homework. The parent is to make sure the child works at the task. The teacher/instructor was to make certain the child knew how to perform the task. Often, these two roles are blended. A supervisor may see the need to teach/instruct a student or subordinate to perform the task in a better way.
What is memory word size required in an 8085 system?
In an 8085 system, the memory word size required is 8 bits. This means that each memory location can store 8 bits or one byte of data. The 8085 processor accesses memory locations using these 8-bit memory addresses to read or write data during program execution. The memory word size of 8 bits allows the 8085 system to handle data in small, manageable chunks efficiently.
How many address bus and data bus in Intel Core i3?
in Intel core 2 duo address bus is 32 and data bus is also 32 see it in file:///C:/Users/chethan/Downloads/Today's%20Hotness%20%20The%20Core%202%20Duo%20%20%20Intel's%2015%20Most%20Unforgettable%20x86%20CPUs.htm
Generally you cannot access these registers directly.
- Carry Flag (CF) - this flag is set to 1 when there is an unsigned overflow. For example when you add bytes 255 + 1 (result is not in range 0...255). When there is no overflow this flag is set to 0.
- Parity Flag (PF) - this flag is set to 1 when there is even number of one bits in result, and to 0 when there is odd number of one bits.
- Auxiliary Flag (AF) - set to 1 when there is an unsigned overflow for low nibble (4 bits).
- Zero Flag (ZF) - set to 1 when result is zero. For non-zero result this flag is set to 0.
- Sign Flag (SF) - set to 1 when result is negative. When result is positive it is set to 0. (This flag takes the value of the most significant bit.)
- Trap Flag (TF) - Used for on-chip debugging.
- Interrupt enable Flag (IF) - when this flag is set to 1 CPU reacts to interrupts from external devices.
- Direction Flag (DF) - this flag is used by some instructions to process data chains, when this flag is set to 0 - the processing is done forward, when this flag is set to 1 the processing is done backward.
- Overflow Flag (OF) - set to 1 when there is a signed overflow. For example, when you add bytes 100 + 50 (result is not in range -128...127).
Would you give me a 8085 microprocessor program to convert hexadecimal number to binary number?
- LXI H, 4150 : Initialize memory pointer
- MVI B, 08 : count for 8-bit
- MVI A, 54
- LOOP : RRC
- JC LOOP1
- MVI M, 00 : store zero it no carry
- JMP COMMON
- LOOP2: MVI M, 01 : store one if there is a carry
- COMMON: INX H
- DCR B : check for carry
- JNZ LOOP
- HLT : Terminate the program
Write a program to find the largest of three numbers?
This is best done with an array; that way, you can easily extend to more than three numbers. In Java, it would be something like this:
int myNumbers[] = {1, 5, 3};
int max = myNumbers[1];
for (int i = 1; i < myNumbers.length(); i++)
if (myNumbers[i] > max) max = myNumbers[i];
This is best done with an array; that way, you can easily extend to more than three numbers. In Java, it would be something like this:
int myNumbers[] = {1, 5, 3};
int max = myNumbers[1];
for (int i = 1; i < myNumbers.length(); i++)
if (myNumbers[i] > max) max = myNumbers[i];
This is best done with an array; that way, you can easily extend to more than three numbers. In Java, it would be something like this:
int myNumbers[] = {1, 5, 3};
int max = myNumbers[1];
for (int i = 1; i < myNumbers.length(); i++)
if (myNumbers[i] > max) max = myNumbers[i];
This is best done with an array; that way, you can easily extend to more than three numbers. In Java, it would be something like this:
int myNumbers[] = {1, 5, 3};
int max = myNumbers[1];
for (int i = 1; i < myNumbers.length(); i++)
if (myNumbers[i] > max) max = myNumbers[i];
Consider the interrupt that occurs at the completion of a disk transfer?
When a disk transfer completes, an interrupt is generated to signal the CPU that the data is ready for processing. This interrupt allows the CPU to stop its current activities and handle the data transfer efficiently, ensuring that the system can respond to I/O operations promptly. It enhances overall performance by allowing the CPU to perform other tasks while waiting for data to be read or written, rather than polling the disk continuously. This mechanism is essential for effective multitasking and resource management in operating systems.
What values do the load immediate 20 instructions load into the accumulator?
The load immediate 20 instruction loads the value 20 into the accumulator register. It replaces the current value in the accumulator with the immediate value specified in the instruction.
Instructions for Envirastation dws-200?
I think I solved the problem of programing the EnviraStation DWS-200. To keep the settings from reverting to the setting you are trying to change, press the 'set' button one more time after you have gone through all the settings.
ie, you start by pressing 'set' and holding it down for 3 seconds.
that brings up the 12/24 hour choice, press set again to get to the hour.
Adjust the hour with the + & - buttons on the back, then press set to advance to minutes.
continue through to the year month and day settings and when all is done,
PRESS SET ONE MORE TIME.
Anyway after a couple of hours looking for information and always having it revert to the
time I was trying to change, I finally found some instructions for the DWS-220, which is set from an atomic clock, but there were instructions for manual setting, it was there that I saw the information about that last push on the set button. It's worth a try.
Explain how the properties of life emerge from complex organization?
First you must understand that the 'properties of life" are the aspects that identify something as living as opposed to not living.
-metabolism
-thought
-independent motion
-eating and ridding itself of waste
-attraction to light
-need oxygen
-create oxygen
-dispose of carbon dioxide
These are just a sample and not all are needed to attribute life to something.
Simple organization of life begins with a simple cell which, unlike simple proteins and viruses, is actively engaged in the act of staying alive. In complex organisms such as humans a big part of staying alive depends in large amount to its brain. Simple cells such as stem cells in a complex society of cells become very specialized in what duties they perform for the organism as a whole. Skin, eyes, brain etc.
How can prices be used as a signal in the market?
An analysis of the existing price structure helps one understand the kind of competition and the type of market structure prevailing in the market. From a consumer point of view it helps him understand what are the chances or the level of soverignity that he enjoys and the bargaining power he possess in the system. - Sanal Mathew John
What is the operating frequency of 8085 microprocessor?
From the Wikipedia article, it looks like they would operate at 3, 5, or 6 megahertz (MHz), or maybe it's 3.5 MHz and 6 MHz (they use 3,5 - not sure if that's a European decimal point or a comma)
DI is used as an offset address for string instruction destinations in the microprocessors.
Distinguish between general purpose and special purpose computers?
General Purpose computers are those that allow users to do various tasks.
And not a specific task.
Eg: personal computers - it helps us to do things like playing games, chatting, organizing, authoring, internet browsing etc.
Special purpose computers are those that are made to do special tasks. And mostly its does only one task (task related to that particular field)
eg: IBM Deep Blue which is a supercomputer that's made for just playing chess. And nothing other than that. So its a special purpose computer.
What is the pin diagram of ic 7812?
http://hamradio.lakki.iki.fi/new/Datasheets/transistor_pinouts/case-14.gif
Picture in context can be found here:
http:/hamradio.lakki.iki.fi/new/Datasheets/transistor_pinouts
Why is it if MARIE has 4k words of main memory and addresses must have 12 bits?
4K (4096) of addressable space is defined by 12 bits of address space, because 212 = 4096.
What is internal interrupt and external interrupt and software interrupt?
Internal Hardware interruptions
Internal interruptions are generated by certain events which come up during the execution of a program. This type of interruptions is managed on their totality by the hardware and it is not possible to modify them.
A clear example of this type of interruptions is the one which actualizes the counter of the computer internal clock, the hardware makes the call to this interruption several times during a second in order to maintain the time up to date.
Though we cannot directly manage this interruption, since we cannot control the time updating by means of software yet it is possible to use its effects on the computer to our benefit. For example to create a virtual clock updated continuously we only have to write a program which reads the actual value of the counter and to translate it into an understandable format for the user.
External Hardware Interruptions
External interruptions are generated by peripheral devices, such as keyboards, printers, communication cards, etc. They are also generated by coprocessors. It is not possible to deactivate external interruptions.
These interruptions are not sent directly to the CPU but they are sent to an integrated circuit whose function is to exclusively handle this type of interruptions
Software Interruptions
Software interruptions can be directly activated by the assembler invoking the number of the desired interruption with the INT Instruction.
The use of interruptions helps us in the creation of programs and by using them our programs gets shorter. It is easier to understand them and they usually have a better performance mostly due to their smaller size. This type of interruptions can be separated in two categories: the operative system DOS interruptions and the BIOS interruptions.
The difference between the two is that the operative system interruptions are easier to use but they are also slower since these interruptions make use of the BIOS to achieve their goal, on the other hand the BIOS interruptions are much faster but they have the disadvantage that since they are part of the hardware, they are very specific and can vary depending even on the manufacturer brand of the circuit.
The election of the type of interruption to use will depend solely on the characteristics you want to give your program.
Since we shall use interrupts for data recovery programming with the help of C language via Interrupt handling with C, we shall discuss only Interrupt 13H, Interrupt 13H Extensionsand Interrupt 21H routines specially. It is not so important to discuss all of the other interrupts and their functions because in C language, easier functions are available to perform most of those tasks. However, the knowledge of Interrupt 13Hand its Extensions is must, for data recovery programming.
What is meant by low order and high order address bus?
Low order means the low end, and high order means the high end. Think of a decimal constant - lets pick 1234 - 12 would be considered the high order and 34 would be considered the low order.
In the 8085, the address bus is A15 (high order bit) to A0 (low order bit). Since the processor is byte organized, you can say this as A15-A8 is the high order byte and A7-A0 is the low order byte.
Why clock frequency of 6.14 mhz is used in 8085 microprocessor?
Because it is the top operating speed for that IC
What is size of data bus and the address bus in 8085?
A 16-bit uP operates on instructions and data in 16-bit quantities. Therefore the databus is 16-bits. A 16-bit uP may also operate on larger quantities of data, however multiple CPU registers must be concatenated in order to maintain the data element in the uP register space. The data is always delivered to the processor 16 bits at a time. The amount of memory which it can address is a separate issue---the address bus size is totally distinct from the data bus size. The data bus determines how much memory may be delivered to the uP per cycle. The address bus size determines how much physical memory may actually be accessed by the uP. Therefore it is variable depending on how much memory is available. Typical systems today have 32-bit address busses which limit addressable memory to 4Gigabytes. (2^32) = 4G.
