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Macromolecules

Macromolecules are large molecules made up of smaller molecules joined together. The four main groups are proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids. They are essentially for proper cellular functioning.

755 Questions

Which macromolecule is not a polymer?

Lipids are macromolecules that aren't polymers, as their structure does not consist of a repeating chain of monomers. Proteins, carbohydrates and nucleic acids are all macromolecules and polymers.

What macromolecule provides long-term energy storage for plants?

Lipids, particularly in the form of oils and fats stored in seeds and fruits, provide long-term energy storage for plants. This allows plants to access stored energy reserves during periods of low sunlight or limited resources.

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What is the difference between macromolecules and micromolecules?

Macromolecules are large molecules made up of smaller subunits, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides. Micromolecules are smaller molecules, usually containing fewer atoms, such as water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. Macromolecules play crucial roles in cellular structure and function, while micromolecules are involved in various metabolic processes.

Is ice a macromolecule?

No, ice is not a macromolecule. Ice is a solid form of water, which is a simple compound made up of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom. Macromolecules are large molecules made up of smaller subunits called monomers.

What is a biologically important macromolecule?

proteins, carbohydrates,lipids, nucleic acids are macromolecules of life. They are all important because of their role in the life. Proteins does body building and functional molecules, carbohydrates provide energy, nucleic acids codes for heredity, fats make hormones and membrane and so on.

How were you able to tell that a particular biochemical test was positive for a given macromolecule Which biochemical testing methods were positive for the following macromolecules?

Various biochemical tests can be used to determine the presence of different macromolecules in a sample. For example, the Benedict's test is positive for reducing sugars like glucose, Biuret test is positive for proteins (due to peptide bonds), Sudan IV test is positive for lipids (due to their nonpolar nature), and iodine test is positive for starch. These tests involve specific chemical reactions that produce color changes or precipitates when the macromolecule of interest is present.

What has lipids in them?

lipids are fats found in food. some foods that contain lipids are cheese, cakes, butter, chips etc. they are broken down by pancreatic lipases in the small intestine and also bile salts which help to emulsify the fat. (bile salts act as a kind of detergent breaking the fats up into tiny droplets.)

What kind of macromolecules are endonucleases?

Endonucleases are proteins that are considered enzymes, which are macromolecules. They are responsible for cleaving nucleic acids at specific locations within the molecule.

Which macromolecule acts as a buffer?

The answer is Yes! Proteins are made up of amino acids and a typical amino acid has two H- (hydrogen) connected to a Nitrogen and grabs on to a carbon which holds a H another carbon which double bonds with an O+ (Oxygen) and an OH. The last bond the middle carbon creates to fill its valence shell is to a "R" or a radical variable side change.

What is the macromolecule of sucrose?

Sucrose contain only glucose and fructose; it is difficult to say that is a macromolecule.
The chemical formula is C12H22O11.

How many macromolecules are there?

There are four macromolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, protiens, and nucleic acid.

Combinding animal DNA with human DNA will it hurt?

No one knows if it hurts or not. No one has ever been able to make an animal or human change into another animal. If you read the books "Animorphs" they say it doesn't hurt, but no one really knows.

Which macromolecule has a sugar-phosphate backbone?

Nucleic acids DNA and RNA

DNA has deoxyribose and phosphate forming the backbone and an attached nitrogenous base, These three components form a nucleotide.

RNA has ribose sugar, phosphate and nitrogenous bases. The bonds holding the macromolecule together are covalent bonds within the nucleotides and hydrogen bonds holding the double strands of the DNA molecule.

Name four macromolecules and their monomers?

Four (bio)macromolecules are: Carbohydrates (e.g. Glucose, cellulose and lactose), Lipids (e.g. Triglyceride, phospholipids) , Proteins (e.g. Insulin, keratin and all enzymes) and Nucleic Acids (e.g. DNA and RNA).

Monomers for:

1) Carbohydrates = Monosacharides

2) Lipids = Glycerol and Fatty Acids

3) Proteins = Amino Acids

4) Nucleic Acid = Nucleotide

What differentiates one DNA molecule from another?

The sequence of nucleotide bases, which are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G), determines the unique genetic information in each DNA molecule. Variations in this sequence result in different genes and ultimately lead to the diversity observed in living organisms. Additionally, differences in the length or structure of a DNA molecule can also distinguish one from another.

How does DNA replication work?

A parent molecule "breaks" and new DNA strands are formed from deoxynucleoside triphosphates. After the process is complete, the two DNA molecules that form are identical to the base or parent molecule.

What is the Pitch of a DNA duplex?

bp/turn of DNA

DNA have this periodicity in which each base is separated from the other by 36 degree angle so for the base to take a comlete round ( 360 degree ) it will take about 10 bases to do so.

To clarify the answer...the residues in the double helix are 3.6 Angstroms apart by a rise of 1.5 Angstroms...if you want to calculate the pitch then you multiply these values and you will get 5.4 Angstroms...this is the pitch of the DNA double helix.

DNA controls what and what does DNA stand for?

DNA stands for Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid

Edit by DrBeaver:

DNA controls protein production. It is expressed through transcription and translation to form these proteins.

Is human DNA changing?

Human DNA is constantly changing due to genetic mutations that occur over time. These changes can be influenced by factors such as environmental exposures, lifestyle choices, and natural selection. However, the overall structure of human DNA remains relatively stable across generations.

Where can a DNA molecule can carry vast amount of heredity information?

A DNA molecule carries vast amounts of hereditary information in its sequence of nucleotide bases, which encode the instructions for building and maintaining an organism. This information is organized into genes, which are sections of the DNA that code for specific proteins or traits. The entire set of genetic information in an organism is called its genome.

Why when viral RNA is transcripted into DNA there will be remaining segment of DNA after replication?

When viral RNA is transcribed into DNA, the enzyme reverse transcriptase may not always copy the entire viral RNA molecule. This can lead to a shorter DNA segment being produced, resulting in a loss of genetic information. During replication, this shorter DNA segment is then duplicated along with the rest of the viral genome, maintaining the incomplete section in subsequent generations of the virus.

How does replication ensure that identical copies of DNA are made?

The DNA is a double-helix, two strands of nucleotides that are required to pair up in a particular way: adenine to thymine, and guanine to cytosine. During replication, this pairing code is kept perfectly, ensuring that each copy is identical.

What are the three main types of macromolecules or polymers in living organisms?

The three main types of macromolecules in living organisms are carbohydrates (sugars and starches), proteins (amino acids), and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). These molecules play essential roles in various biological processes such as energy storage, structural support, and genetic information transfer.