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Sioux Indians
Once a nomadic tribe but forced north from the upper Mississippi area, the Sioux tribe ended up in the black hills of South Dakota. Lakota, Dakota or Nakota, this tribe played a big part in America's early western history.
1,100 Questions
George Armstrong Custer and his troops knew where the Indians were, and he decided to attack the Indians where he did. His mistake was that he failed to estimate the enemy strength (numbers) correctly and was overwhelmed, more so when his forces were not at full strength. It was a brash decision, he was famous for those, and this one cost Custer and his men their lives.
In addition:
The exact details of Custer's death are not known. Custer's body was found, two days after the Battle of the Little Big Horn, with wounds and two bullet holes, but Captain Benteen stated that in his opinion the fatal injuries had not been the result of .45 caliber ammunition.
What was the battle in which Crazy Horse helped lead the Lakota to victory against the US forces?
The defeat of US 7th Cavalry forces under George Armstrong Custer occurred at the Battle of the Little Bighorn (also known as Little Big Horn) on June 25 and June 26, 1876, near the Little Bighorn River in eastern Montana Territory.
The battle is famous for "Custer's Last Stand" and is known by Native American tribes as the Battle of the Greasy Grass.
The Battle of the Little Bighorn, fought on June 25, 1876, near the Little Bighorn River in Montana Territory, pitted federal troops led by Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer (1839-76) against a band of Lakota Sioux and Cheyenne warriors.
How do the Lakota Sioux make paint?
For painting faces, bodies, horses and various animal hides the most common type of paint was made using mineral pigments, although some limited use was also made of animal and plant products.
A base for red paints (the Blackfoot tribes produced at least 6 different reds) was crimson and yellowish-red clay. Gray or yellowish clay was baked over hot ashes until it turned red. The Yellowstone river area produced yellow clay. Green came from copper ore, from a coloured mud and from lakeside plants. White clay made white paint - Lewis and Clark named a particular stream White Earth Creek because of this feature. Powdered charcoal or black earth made black paint.
One of the most valued trade items from White traders was vermilion, a bright orange-red pigment which was considered sacred by the Plains tribes.
Among the Crows of Montana, expeditions were regularly sent west to the Three Forks area to collect white clay from a sacred site there. White clay (along with black and red) formed the main element in Crow war paint. On faces, arms, bodies and legs the clay would be painted on in broad patches, then the fingernails would be drawn across these to scrape away stripes of colour to allow the dark skin to show.
The clays were dried and powdered before mixing them with bear- or buffalo-fat and storing them in small leather pouches which could be tied to the belt, the war paint being applied only just before going into battle.
The link below takes you to an image of Crow warriors painted with white clay for battle:
What was the buffalo 'hide' used for?
Buffalo hides are generally far too stiff and thick for making clothes, but ideal for moccasin soles. Tanned hides were sewn together to make tipi covers. Worn out tipi covers which had been made waterproof by constant exposure to smoke from the internal fire made excellent moccasin soles.
Tanned hides were also used for bedding and winter robes, mittens, arrow quivers, gun cases and riding gear.
Rawhide was used for making containers, headdresses, ropes, saddles, knife sheaths, quirts, belts, glue and rattles; the thickest part of a bull's hide (the neck and shoulders) was used as the basis for war shields.
How was the relationship between the traditional Dakota and farm Dakota?
The Farm Dakota Indians or "farmer Indians", followed the advice of the missionaries and took up farming and Christianity or followed the financial inducements by incorporating features of white culture into their own.
The Traditional Dakota Indians, or "blanket Indians", continued to follow their traditional way of life which put them at odds with the "farmer Indians".
What were the archaic Indians like?
We can reconstruct many aspects of their lives from surviving tools, weapons, campsites and other items discovered in archaeological investigations.
By comparison with similar people in other parts of the world we can build up a fairly accurate picture of how they lived, what they ate and what their surroundings and available resources were like.
Many things still remain unknown, such as their languages, details of their ceremonies and religion, their oral traditions and beliefs and exactly how their societies were organised.
What are the names of sitting bull's daughters?
Some of Sitting Bull's daughters were: Her Many Horse, Stand with Woman, See Walking / Walks Looking, Sight of Lodge Woman, and his favorite daughter Standing Holy. Several other daughters were born but did not survive to have their names recorded.
According to Annie Oakley, "he made a pet of me. He is a dear, faithful, old friend, and I've great respect and affection for him." Sitting Bull returned that respect by symbolically adopting Oakley as his daughter and a member of his tribe
What happened to Custer's body after the Little Big Horn?
After the battle of Littlebig Horn, Custer's body was buried on the battleground. Later it was dug up and buried in the West Point Cemetery.
Who was the Sioux leader in the battle of little bighorn in which general Custer died?
Sitting Bull was the leader of the Lakota Sioux-Northern Cheyenne alliance that defeated Custer at the Battle of The Little Bighorn.
Actually, Sitting Bull did not take part in the battle nor was he more than one of the influential chiefs involved.
Sitting Bull was a medicine man, and at the time of the battle he was re-covering from a sun dance in which he had sacrificed 100 pieces of his flesh and had a vision of soldiers falling into their camp.
Crazy Horse and Gall led the two main detachments of warriors that first harried Reno, and then attacked Custer.
No one recognized Custer on the field, none of them having ever met him, But Gall recognized Custer' brother Tom, and made a point of cutting out and eating his heart.
The encampment had only just been formed when the band led by Crazy Horse met up with Sitting Bull as Crazy Horse moved down the Rosebud river after fighting Crook's column to a standstill.
Most of the warriors assembled were rallying to Crazy Horse, who had already fought and won several engagements with the US soldiers that year... not to mention his fame as being instrumental in Red Cloud's winning the Bozeman trail war.
What were Custer's mistakes at the battle of little big horn?
Most of Custer's tactical mistakes at the Little Big Horn seem to be from his " Go fever " attack, attack, attack.. encircle and attack. This tactic worked well for him in the civil war and became known as "Custer's luck". It's clearly evident that he
tried to use this old civil war tactic again at Little Bighorn. Sending Maj. Marcus Reno's command in from the south to attack the Indian village, spread panic and drive the hostiles into the village and to Custer who, with his five company's moved along the bluffs, watching the progress of Reno's action in the valley below. Custer intended to swing around and hit the village from the north with his five companys. He didn't make it. Reno's command was beaten back, himself in a panic. Running for their lives. Custer tried to probe for a crossing at the river to get at the village but was beaten back. There is some thought that here is where he was shot in the chest. Reno is in full retreat, Custer has run into more than he had counted on. Wheels his command around and heads up the bluffs in full retreat also, to what is today known as " Last stand Hill ". Once there, horses were shot and used as defensive barricades. Here, superior fire-
power took over. Custer's command being armed with 1873 Springfield single
shot carbines had no chance against the superior firepower of the hostiles armed with lever action Winchester and Henry rifles. It was all over in less than 15 minutes. Error in Judgement? Oh yes.. cost them their lives. Mistakes? Many.
What kind of tools did the Sioux Indians have?
The tools the Sioux Indians used are bows & arrows, spears, war clubs, &buffalo-hide, the hunters used snares. Also adzes, axes, needles, looms, awls, scrapers, hammers, drills, knives, slings, tinder boxes, spoons, mortars & pestles, hooks, nets, flints, and many more.
What was the importance of George Armstrong Custer?
There were TWO catagories of Frontier fighting during the westward movement days of America's westward expansion. The East and the West. The Eastern wars fought during the 1600's and 1700's and early 1800's against the Blackhawks, Seminoles, Mohawks, Mohicans were FAR BLOODIER than the war's fought in the west, especially after the US Civil War (1861-1865). The western frontier wars against the Sioux, Cheyanne, Blackfoot, Commanche, and Apache, began in the 1800's and steadily picked up steam as the movement west accelerated. But fighting in the open regions of the plains resulted in a war of manuever, and smaller casualties for both combatants; when compared to fighting in the thick forests of the east. Thick forests forced combatants to group up into massed targets, and allowed massed firings of weapons at extremely CLOSE RANGE, and close hand to hand fighting in the shaded darkness of the forests. LTC Custer's (US Army) command suffered the highest casualties during the war in the West, and his whole "Command" with him in it, was destroyed in 1876. His regiment was NOT destroyed, only his COMMAND GROUP (all of the officers of the 7th Regiment, minus his XO's command (Major Reno), CPT Benteen's command re-united with MAJ Reno's-establishing ONE command under MAJ Reno). Dime novels, the Wild West Shows under Buffalo Bill, and later Hollywood would be responsible for raising "Custer's Last Stand" or, for the term used today, "The Battle of the Little Big Horn" to popular status.
Where was the little big horn?
The Battle of the Little Bighorn, also known as Custer's Last Stand and, by the Lakota Sioux, as The Battle of The Greasy Grass, took place on June 25th, 1876 on a bend of the Little Bighorn River in what is now Big Horn County in southeastern Montana.
What was the life of plains Indians like after the arrival of white settlers?
The Natives were initially overwhelmed by new European diseases like smallpox, which devastated their population and weakened them. Despite that, they formed friendly links with the first settlers, teaching them essential skills to survive. In return they received guns and horses, which made life a lot easier for them as well.
Then cam the Indian Acts of the mid 19th century, which saw the dislocation of Natives from their homes. They fought back, but lost in a trend, and were forced into reservations, forced to give up their lands, in return for basic food and supplies for living.
The Native Americans continued to be discriminated until after the 1950s, when they were let off their reservations, and allowed to become US citizens. Now they are mostly assimilated into the American way of life, although many have called for return to traditional lifestyle.
Did George Armstrong Custer have an education?
One Answer:
G. A. Custer was considered a hero during the War between the States. He was reckless, flashy, brave, and a colorful leader of his unit of Union Troops. He made quite a name for himself during the Civil War.
Custer was one of the youngest men to gain the rank of General. He had been quite brilliant during his years of training and education at West Point. He had been classmate with many of the southern leaders of the war, though he had been much younger than most of them. He had entered the military academy later than men like Robert E. Lee, U. S. Grant, etc. Lee and Grant were already experienced soldiers at the beginning of hostilities.
His time in the Civil War was relatively short. He was impatient for a new command when he was assigned to an outpost on the Western frontier. He had gained only a few months of experience fighting in the War, but those months had been very remarkable, colorful, and quite brilliant on his part. He went to the western outpost expecting to be able to fight the Indians the way he had been able to fight against the Southerners.
Another Answer:
At the time, most Americans thought of him as a hero... but he was, by all accounts, a vainglorious opportunist, who happened to be audacious and brave in battle, although often at the expense of his men.
His developed a very effective tactic for combat against the plains tribes, who had no organized military and no order of battle... native Americans did not generally form lines, nor fronts, and fought in a very haphazard, freeform manner that made them difficult to defeat.
Custer determined that the one thing they would fight the most focally was to protect their actual villages. Custer's tactic was to divide his forces and have one half dismount outside the native village on one side and engage as a skirmish line.
This would force the Natives to gather on that side of the village and take position to defend the village. This created a front and defined the village as being the enemies rear.
At that point Custer would take his second detachment in a cavalry charge from the opposite side of the Village and seize the village... which seized not only women and children, but all their horses, teepees, food supplies, and material goods.
This tactic was extremely effective... up until the attack on the Little Bighorn, where the village was simply too large and Custer was taken out of action in the opening volley.
Another Answer
George Custer was no hero. In the War for Southern Independence he became involved in brutal conduct already outlawed but authorized by General Grant, who stipulated after he took control of the Army of the Potomac that members of Colonel Mosby's command were to be executed on site when captured.
Custer had to refrain from this vile behavior only after his men were also captured and treated in similar fashion, with several captured union soldiers being hung in Virginia as revenge for Custer's actions. Mosby made it clear that Custer's men would be treated in kind.
After the war Custer became one of the leading proponents of Sherman's scorched-earth policy against the Plains Indians in the west, as it was Sherman's policy of genocide to wipe out the Indian and move those who survived to designated areas. Custer was the villain who enforced that general order, and as such was the perpetrator of cruel and inhuman atrocity in order to advance the United States' understanding of "manifest destiny."
What us general was killed at the battle of little big horn?
General Custer and his 7th Cavalry were completely obliterated. This is why there is a general mystery surrounding Little Big Horn; there were no survivors to explain exactly what happened. General Custer and his 7th Cavalry were completely obliterated. This is why there is a general mystery surrounding Little Big Horn--there were no survivors to explain exactly what happened.
What achievements did the Sioux have?
The Sioux Indians' best achievement was The Battle of Little Bighorn, where the Sioux Indians at an Indian camp fought off early American forces when they tried to take their territory. The Indians killed many Americans, including general George Custer, a major U.S. military leader.
The Sioux originated around the area of Lake Superior and Lake Michigan, but with the advent of the horse their population exploded and they expanded west through Minnesota and into the Dakotas and the plains. The Sioux were an aggressively expansionist tribe who supplanted and warred with nearly every other tribe they encountered as they displaced other tribes ever further westward or southward. This expansion was made possible by the horse. Prior to the horse, Native Americans could not easily survive as nomads on the open plains. Along the way they split off into a bunch of sub-tribes such as the Assiniboin ... but today are largely identifiable as grouped into three distinct dialects, the Nakota, the Lakota and the Dakota. Same people, but three different accents.
What are some Sioux Indian ancient festivals?
The most important is the sundance. Their religious ceremonies include the sweat lodge, vision quest, making relatives, keeping the soul, giveaway,throwing the ball, and pipe ceremony.
What is traditional Sioux Indian art?
The arts of the different Indian tribes were determined by materials available, lifestyle and religion. The Sioux decorated buckskin clothes and tents with bead-work and quillwork. They also painted buffalo hides. Therefore, bodywork, quillwork and painting can all be considered traditional Sioux arts.
Here are more opinions and answers from others:
- Art can refer to crafts, dance, music, storytelling, jewelry making. Try the link below. Perhaps you will find what you need there.
Why were the Sioux forced to move?
This depends on what you mean by "move".
As a stone age hunter/gatherers, the Sioux and all similar native tribes were forced to move to find food and game.
After acquiring the horse, they became much more effective hunters... but their horses ate the grass wherever they were encamped fairly rapidly. Thus the Native Americans who relied on horses were often forced to move even more often to find forage for their horses. ( this was why they seldom grouped in very large numbers, as the needs of the horses would force them to move camp every few days if there were thousands of native Americans in the camp. )
And finally, as the Western cultures encroached upon and took over their lands, the Native Americans were forced to move onto reservations.
