Teaching Resources

These implications are simply building trusting relationships between parent and child.

Trust is to be built from an early age in development, for a healthy and trusting future socially, as well as within family.

Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory explores the various stages and crises that individuals go through from infancy to old age. He believed that successful resolution of these crises leads to the development of a healthy personality, while failure to do so can result in difficulties in later stages of life. Erikson's theory highlights the importance of social relationships and the impact of societal expectations on individual development.

Tim and Jim are likely in the stage of initiative vs. guilt, which occurs during early childhood (around 3-6 years old). This stage focuses on children developing a sense of purpose and initiating activities, while also learning to balance their desires with the expectations of others.

It can be hard to compare the growth and development of different adolescents because each individual may be influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and social factors that contribute to their unique growth patterns. Additionally, adolescents may mature at different rates and in different areas, making direct comparisons challenging.

The fifth stage of Erik Erikson's theory of psychological development is identity versus role confusion and it occurs during adolescence, from about 12-18 years. During this stage, adolescents search for a sense of self identity, through an intense exploration of personal beliefs and values.

Joseph Wolpe's proposed theory based on classical conditioning, known as systematic desensitization, explained how phobias and anxiety could be treated by gradually exposing individuals to their feared stimuli while teaching them relaxation techniques. This therapy aimed to help individuals replace their learned fear response with a relaxation response, ultimately reducing their fear and anxiety levels.

Trust vs. Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame, Initiative vs. Guilt, and Industry vs. Inferiority

The last 7 months of prenatal development typically involve rapid growth and maturation of the fetus. Organs and systems continue to develop and reach functional levels, and the fetus gains weight in preparation for birth. During this time, the fetus also practices breathing and swallowing to prepare for life outside the womb.

1- unbiased measurement/analysis, in that you measure what is there and not impacted by your beliefs or philosophy of something...that is for subjective measurement/analysis.

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2- It is like the diffrent between the self-report questionnaire and pedometer. the questionnaire may become impacted by your beliefs because it is up to you how to answer the questions, maybe right and maybe wrong or maybe mixed.

But the objective measurement, there is no way to be impacted by your beliefs, for example the pedometer will measure your steps exactly and there is no control from you on the pedometer. therefore objective measurement are more accurate and better than the other measurement. REMEMBER that objective measurement tools must be valid and reliable.

• From birth to 18 months: Trust vs. Mistrust
  • Here the infant must develop a trusting relationship with their caregiver or it results in mistrust. Trust is developed through feeding.
• From 18 months-3 years: Autonomy vs. Shame
  • . This involve the development motor skills such as walking, grasping, and efficiency in toilet training. If not accomplished, the child could feel ashamed or doubt in their actions.
• From 3 to 6 yrs old: Initiative vs. Guilt
  • At this stage the child may copy adult's behaviors and take part in imaginary play. They essentially take the initiative to establish their social identity. If they are not able to do this, they may feel guilty for their failure to adjust to social roles.
• From 6 to 12 yrs old: Industry vs. Inferiority
  • At this age children are learning all sorts of skills and logic that help develop a sense of industry. This is also the stage where social relations among peers is important. Negative feed back or being bullied or ignored could lead to feelings of inferiority.
• From 12 to 18 yrs old: Identity vs. Role Confusion
  • Here the adolescent develops their own moral code, deciding for themselves what is right or wrong. Based on their actions, they develop their own identity separate from that of their parents. If responsibilities are withdrawn or overloaded, the child may feel a sense of role confusion.
• From 18 to 35yrs old: Intimacy vs. Isolation
  • Here a young adult may begin to seek a partner, marry and settle down. Today this stage may occur when older so strong connections with friends are also seen. Failure at this stage may result in feelings of isolation.
• From 35 to 65 yrs old: Generativity vs. Self Absorption
  • Generativity means the creation of something to pass on to future generations. The adult may do this through their careers or families. At this stage, being inactive or useless is a common fear.
• From 65 yrs old til death: Integrity vs. Despair
  • At this age reflection is key. Many seniors will look back on their lives and those who feel a sense of accomplishment and fulfillment will feel a sense of integrity. However, if they feel like they failed, or didn't do enough, this could lead to feelings of despair.

If the students and teacher don't interact, learning is harder. The teacher or lecturer will just go on and on without stopping to be sure that everyone understands, or the students will have questions but not ask them, and that means they don't really understand the material.

"APA is the leading scientific and professional organization representing psychology in the United States. Our mission is to advance the creation, communication and application of psychological knowledge to benefit society and improve people's lives. "

- says the APA website

Schools in the 1950s had a more traditional and structured approach compared to today, with desks in rows, strict discipline, and focus on rote memorization. Students followed a specific curriculum and were often segregated by gender. Corporal punishment was more common, and technology was limited to basic tools like chalkboards and textbooks.

The knowledge quartet, consisting of foundation, transformation, contingency, and connection, can help teachers plan and teach lessons by providing a framework to understand the interplay between content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, and student understanding. By focusing on these four dimensions, teachers can ensure that their lesson plans are well-rounded, flexible, and centered on student learning needs. This framework can guide teachers in adjusting their instruction to address student misconceptions, make connections between different concepts, and adapt to unexpected circumstances in the classroom.

Learning is an evolutionary process because it allows organisms to adapt to their environment, improving their chances of survival and reproduction. By acquiring new knowledge and skills, individuals can better navigate challenges and take advantage of opportunities, enhancing their overall fitness and success in an ever-changing world. This continuous cycle of learning and adaptation is key to evolutionary progress and the development of more complex and sophisticated behaviors over time.

The previous curriculum focused more on content delivery and memorization, while the current curriculum emphasizes critical thinking, problem-solving, and real-world application. Lesson plans in the previous curriculum were often teacher-centered, while in the current curriculum, there is a shift towards student-centered and inquiry-based approaches. Additionally, the current curriculum encourages the integration of technology and diverse learning resources in lesson planning, compared to the more traditional methods used in the previous curriculum.

I believe an English video, especially if the speaker is a careful pronouncer, accompanied by a written transcript, on a computer, is very helpful for a learner since he can repeat as much as necessary to understand meanings, and natural intonations.

This phenomenon occurs due to the refraction of light as it travels from the air into the water. When light enters the water at an angle, it changes speed and bends, causing objects beneath the water's surface to appear shifted and closer to the surface than they actually are. This refraction effect makes the water appear shallower when viewed from the outside.

SSI (Supplemental Security Income) is a federal program that provides financial assistance to disabled or elderly individuals with limited income and resources. The policy outlines the eligibility requirements, benefit amounts, and rules for the program. SSI policy aims to help individuals meet their basic needs and improve their quality of life.

Lesson plans are the bones of a lesson. They state what the students are expected to learn (objectives), how they are going to learn it, and the expected outcomes. Within the lesson plans are also the state standards and the areas the lesson will cover in that lesson. A lesson plan is not one day, but for a week and each day builds on the next day so there is a progression of learning. When looking a month of lesson plans the reader should be able to see the goal of the teacher and how the students learn what they are taught.

Yes, office furniture is typically depreciated using the straight-line method, which evenly spreads the cost of the furniture over its useful life. This method allocates an equal amount of depreciation expense each year until the furniture's value reaches its salvage value.

The main purpose of curriculum evaluation is to assure that it is not static, but constantly changing according to changing needs and demands of the society. The new curriculum should fulfill the needs of changing society.

Titles and brief synopses of professional readings refers to the capture of major themes of the professional reading as Titles and the additional capture of a brief summary of the material covered during the reading as Synopses. One should attend a professional reading with these two tasks in mind. Make notes during, and then afterwards compile the notes into a set of chapters and synopsies of those chapters covered in the reading.

First I do a little research on the demography type of my learners. I find out what are they interested in and the I write a detailed lesson plan that meets their interests. If in any part of the lesson I notice that the motivation or involvement is decreasing I improvise to improve it. It is very important for a teacher to stay flexible and be innovative.

Yes, lesson objectives serve as the foundation and roadmap for designing and delivering effective lessons. They clarify what students should know and be able to do by the end of the lesson, guiding the selection of instructional strategies, assessments, and resources. Clear lesson objectives help keep the lesson focused and ensure that learning goals are achieved.