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Cancer

Cancer is a class of diseases characterized by out-of-control and abnormal cell growth spreading to other locations in the body via lymph or blood resulting in the destruction of adjacent tissues. There are over 100 different types of cancer specific to the type of cells that are affected.

6,081 Questions

Why cancer cells are difficult to destroy?

When your body's cells replicate, they go through 3 phases. The first being the growth phase. The second being synthesis or replication of the DNA. The third being the phase where it checks over the replicated DNA to check for any errors (or spell check kind of). Cancer is when those body cells that are being replicated, are replicating way too fast for them to go through the 3rd phase and get checked for errors. Usually, when they are replicating this fast, there is some sort of mutation that is causing them to replicate this quickly.

When these cells skip the spell check, they have a mutation and this mutation causes the mutated DNA to take over all of the normal DNA. If the cancer is caught early enough, then there are technologies that can get rid of the small amount of mutated DNA but if noticed too late, the cancer cells have already taken over that persons body, and it would take some extensive treatment to even attempt to get rid of all the cancer cells..

Hopefully this helped answer your question. :)

Is it dangerous to have stage 1 cancer?

Well some people say cancer is dangerous in any stage other say if you operate as quick as you can before it goes to another stage it'll be fine.

What things cause cancer?

Cancer is triggered when there is a malfunction in the reproduction of cells. Either there is too much of something or not enough, causing the malfunctioning cells to constantly reproduce, which is later formed into what is known as a tumor.

Male with a lump and sensitive nipples in your breast?

even though it is a man it could still very well be breast cancer but it could also be nothing. I recommend you go to the doctor to get it looked at.

What pollutant is responsible for skin cancer?

Chlorofluorocarbons (cfc) are a type of halogenated hydrocarbon in which both clorine and fluorine atoms replace some of the hydrogen atoms. CFSs have brought about thinning of the Earth's ozone shield, which protects terrestial life from dangerous effects of ultraviolet radiation. More cases of skin cancer are expected to occur due to depletion of ozon layer. Answer is Chlorofluorocarbons.

Can children be around patients receiving radiotherapy?

Yes!! Of course they can!! Today's radiotherapy machines are know as Linear Accelerators which are electric and once they are shut off they are off no radiation leaks, or go anywhere. They do not have a live source, and you do not become radioactive when you are receiving radiation therapy.

You can't harm others, and you can't spread radiation to others. The only thing you can't do is be in the room with them when they are receiving the treatment.

Other than that being around family is a great way for the person with cancer to get better it picks up their spirits, and improves their quality of life.

What are the characteristics of the lungs?

The Lungs are usually viewed in two sections, the Gas Movement section, and the Gas Exchange section. The right lung is significantly larger, having three Lobes, than the left lung, with only two lobes. This is because the left ventricle of the heart sits slightly to the left side of the thorax taking some of the space the lung would otherwize have had. The lungs are withing a cavity in the thorax called the Pleural Cavity and are surrounded by a bouble membrane called the Pluaral Membrane. The inner layer of the pleural membrane is called the visceral layer and is continuous with the alveoli of the lung, the outer layer is called the perietal layer. To follow a gas molecule breathed in would take you first down the Bronchus (there is one on each side, for each lung) then through a network of Bronchioles until it came to an Alveolar Duct. Up to this poin has been purely the gas movement section and all but the both the bronchi and bigger bronchioles have carticalge arounf them and smoothe muscle to control airflow. The alveolar ducts lead into Alveolar Air Sacs that look very much like bunches of grapes. This is where the gas exchange takes place across the very thin cells of the sacs into (and out of) the blood. So maximise the volumes of gas exchanged means you require as much of a surface area as possible and the of all the alveoli together is aound the same as half a tenis court. There is always some air within the alveoli because if there wasnt the fluid lining them would cause such a great surface tension that the sacs would never open again.
Two spongy, saclike organs in the chest cavity.

How are cancer cells different from normal cells in the lung tissue?

Cancer cells and normal cells in lung tissue differ in several key aspects, primarily due to genetic mutations and alterations in cellular behavior that drive the development and progression of cancer. Here are some of the fundamental differences between cancer cells and normal lung cells:

Uncontrolled Growth and Division:

Cancer Cells: Cancer cells have lost the normal regulatory mechanisms that control cell growth and division. They divide and replicate at an abnormally rapid rate, leading to the formation of tumors.

Normal Cells: Normal lung cells follow a controlled and regulated process of growth and division, ensuring that new cells are produced only when needed.

Genetic Mutations:

Cancer Cells: Cancer cells often harbor genetic mutations or alterations in their DNA. These mutations can activate oncogenes (genes that promote cell growth) and inhibit tumor suppressor genes (genes that regulate cell division and prevent tumor formation).

Normal Cells: Normal lung cells have intact and functional DNA that maintains the proper balance between cell growth and cell death.

Loss of Apoptosis:

Cancer Cells: Cancer cells can evade apoptosis, which is a programmed cell death mechanism that eliminates damaged or abnormal cells. This allows cancer cells to survive and accumulate, contributing to tumor growth.

Normal Cells: Normal lung cells undergo apoptosis when they are damaged or no longer needed, ensuring proper tissue maintenance and homeostasis.

Invasion and Metastasis:

Cancer Cells: Cancer cells can invade surrounding tissues and spread to distant parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, a process known as metastasis.

Normal Cells: Normal lung cells remain localized to their specific tissue and do not invade neighboring tissues or spread to other parts of the body.

Angiogenesis:

Cancer Cells: Cancer cells can stimulate the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) to supply the growing tumor with nutrients and oxygen.

Normal Cells: Normal lung cells do not induce excessive angiogenesis unless needed for tissue repair or growth.

Cell Shape and Organization:

Cancer Cells: Cancer cells often have irregular shapes, sizes, and organization. They may form disorganized clusters within tumors.

Normal Cells: Normal lung cells have a specific and organized structure, contributing to the proper functioning of lung tissue.

Functionality:

Cancer Cells: Cancer cells do not perform the specialized functions of normal lung cells. Instead, they divert resources toward rapid proliferation.

Normal Cells: Normal lung cells carry out their specialized functions, such as gas exchange and mucus production, to maintain respiratory health.

These differences collectively contribute to the aggressive and destructive behavior of cancer cells compared to normal cells in lung tissue. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for developing targeted therapies that selectively target cancer cells while preserving the health and function of normal cells.

What is the cure for leukemia?

there is actually no cure for leukemia but what can prevent it from getting worse is keep doing exercises and eating right also make sure if you are going to get physical with someone that they have nothing at all because if they do you may worsen and you can end up dying within hours if not treated properly

What is the survival rate of stage2a breast cancer?

For stage I (early/lymph node negative), which comprises 40-45% of total cases, the five-year survival is 85-95%.

Can someone survive without their thyroid gland?

Yes it is very possible to survive without a thyroid gland. After the surgerical removal of the thyroid, say abt 4-6weeks after, the patient is given a pill of radioactive iodine. After this, the patient would be on iodine pills for life so as to aid the production of the thyroid hormone which no humna can survive without. I hope Ive been able to answer your question.

What charities help children with cancer?

There is more than one, but I have donated hair to Locks of Love and found it a very easy and rewarding experience. See the link below to their website for more information. Many hair salons will give you a free haircut and the forms to use to mail in your donation. One of these is Supercuts. But many salons offer this incentive for people to donate to this great cause. If your hairdresser does not, they can often refer you to a place that does give the cuts for free.

There are minimum lengths of hair accepted and requirements about coloring, etc. so get the information before you cut too early.

What symptoms arises when one is diagnosed with gallbladder cancer?

There are no specific laboratory tests for gallbladder cancer. Tumors can obstruct the normal flow of bile from the liver to the small intestine. Bilirubin, a component of bile, builds up within the liver and is absorbed into the.

What is sarcoma?

Sarcoma translates from the greek word sarx which means flesh. A sarcoma is a cancer of the connective tissue. Connective tissue is cartilage, fat, muscle or bone. Usually malignant, it is one of the four major types of cancer.

How Many Cancer Deaths per Minute in the US?

In 2004 there were 553,888 cancer deaths in the US. There are 525,600 minutes in a year. That works out to (553,888/525,600 =) 1.054 cancer deaths per minute

How can you tell if you have lymphatic cancer?

Symptoms of Lymphoma Cancer often do not lead directly to the underlying diagnosis and many symptoms can be misleading.

Lymphoma symptoms can be variable because there are so are many different types of lymphoma. The lymphoma symptoms will vary depending on the subtype of lymphoma, stage, and age of the patient. The "classic" B symptoms include fever, night sweats, and weight loss. Not everyone will have these symptoms, even in the setting of very aggressive disease.

Other lymphoma symptoms can be general in nature such as generalized fatigue.

More specific lymphoma symptoms depend on what areas of the body are involved. Humans have lymph nodes throughout the body and any of these can become involved. Since the cells involved in lymphoma "lymphocytes" are designed to go throughout the body, the abnormal cancerous cells may show up anywhere.

People may get abdominal pain because of swelling of the spleen (splenomegaly), skin rashes, headaches, confusion, or weakness of an arm or leg. Other lymphoma symptoms may include bowel obstruction, or shortness of breath. People may have swelling of an arm or leg. If the bone marrow is involved, then lymphoma symptoms related to changes in blood counts may occur. These symptoms occur because of anemia, thrombocytopenia, or leukopenia.

Are cancer deaths always painful?

CANCER..........PAINFUL PASSING??????

YEARS AGO, HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS didn't have a handle on PAIN MANAGEMENT. They finally got it together and realized that if someone was facing death from cancer, they didn't have to worry about them getting "hooked" on pain medication. Now, they focus on keeping the patient comfortable and pain free. Where they once were very conservative with medication like morphine, they are now quite liberal. Whether in a hospital, hospice or at home, training is provided for caregivers to give injections of potent painkillers, keeping the patient from suffering a painful death......<<>>

Answer

The above is an excellent post, but I just wanted to add that not all people with certain cancers die and none have to live with the pain. There are certain cancers that only need small treatments of Chemo or radiation while other cancers are more invasive and need more Chemo and radiation and thankfully the medical field (as the poster said above) is on the ball and in Canada we have legalized Marijuana to help the patient with nausea, pain, and getting them through the rough patches. Of course the above is true as far as a person facing death from cancer. Morphine is used liberally (small doses at first, but always giving more) and eventually it weakens the heart and causes death which is a God-send for those that are passing on from incurable cancer.

Answer

I hope it doesn't always kill you. Well I know this because my old friend's mom had cancer and she got better...

No, it doesn't always kill you. I'm a "new" survivor (1 yr.) but am in a class with people who are survivors of 10+ years!

Who invented the medicine of cancer?

Till now, there is no single treatment available for cancer.

OK, But from now on not only treatment, but 100% prevention of cancer is available.

A weapon to fight and destroy cancer has been discovered.

Name of weapon - Immunizer - just a simple exercise.

Cost of weapon for the whole world is 500 Billion US Dollars (or BP).

The Immunizer fights and destroys any infectious diseases as well.

If anything else to achieve the AIDS-free generation fails, the Immunizer will sure guarantee it, 100%...

What cancers are contagious?

No, tumors are overgrowth of tissue caused by a few different conditions, but none are infectious.

Which vitamins combat prostate cancer?

In my opinion, Roger Mason's free eBook "The Natural Prostate Cure" is the most complete set of advice on how to prevent prostate cancer using supplements, diet and lifestyle changes.

As I think Roger Mason would agree, diet and lifestyle are far more important than supplements to maintaining or improving prostate health. Eat a healthy diet, eliminate toxins from your internal and external environment, get good sleep, exercise daily and maintain a balanced state of mind. Then you won't be disappointed to find that there is no magic bullet to overcome a health problem that took months or years to develop. No one can say that taking vitamins will prevent cancer. Including supplements into a full health regimen consisting of smarter dieting, safe lifestyle, physical activity and environmental settings is a proactive approach that may help give your body a better chance of dodging the cancer bullet. Education is also helpful -- you may want to research your family's medical history to learn how they were effected by the disease.

What are the typical symptoms of brain cancer?

Symptoms of Brain Tumors There are two broad categories of symptoms. The first results from the increase in pressure in the brain as the tumor expands. The skull is hard and cannot yield, resulting in symptoms such as: Headache, which is often generalized. It is persistent and worsens with activity, such as straining. It is often worse at night or in the early morning. Vomiting, which may or may not be associated with nausea. It is more common in children than adults. Seizures, in an adult without a history of seizures, strongly suggests a brain tumor. Appropriate examinations, including CT or MRI scans, should be done promptly. Change in mental ability or personality, that may be obvious to the family and not to the patient, or vice versa. Lethargy The other category of symptoms has to do with the tumor's location and the pressure effects it produces on nearby structures. There are many types of local symptoms, including: weakness of various parts of the body, especially an arm or a leg difficulties in coordination or balance impairment of memory various vision defects speech problems changes in sensation in the case of brain stem tumors - defects in the functioning of nerves that exit from the base of the brain. These symptoms may help determine the tumor's location.

How much chew gives you cancer?

A little pinch has the possibility to give you cancer. It just depends on if you want to gamble and take your chances.

How many nonsmokers die of lung cancer each year from exposure of secondhand smoking?

it is estimated that 3000 non-smoking adults die each year....... check out this webbie http://www.tobacco-facts.info/second_hand_smoke.htm

Improved answerIf you believe that you'll belive anything! Do you think that by living in a city (or anywhere there are cars, houses, industry present) that you are breathing in less toxins than by standing next to someone who is smoking?

Any statistics on this matter are conjecture. Lung cancer is something (like any type of cancer) that can be triggered by a great multitude of things, only one of which being smoking.

You cannot ask everyone who has died of lung cancer whether at some point in their lives they had been "exposed" to secondary smoke, therefore there is no answer to this question unless you choose to believe the statistics, which are likely available from your local or regional government beauraux.

To the readers of this answer; when considering that it may be one-sided, please bear in mind the nature and agenda of the statististicians who would try to prove it wrong. They WANT people to give up smoking, and their statistics are no more than scaremongering and propaganda.

During my daily work I am subject to breathing minute doses of numerous toxic substances (spray paint, ether & fuel vapour, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, sulpher dioxide, silicon acetate to name but a few). I know and understand the effects of these chemicals on my lungs and believe me, if I die of lung cancer I could not blame it on smoke, even though I am a moderate to heavy smoker. Of course, the number of toxins I breathe more than triples if I leave the workshop and drive down the road to the local shop for lunch!

A comment that is related:

I once knew a woman with lung cancer who did not smoke. She did not survive. However, she told me soon after her diagnosis that her doctor had said that 15% of lung cancer cases were NOT due to smoking. That would include all lung cancers in non-smokers, whether they were caused by second-hand smoke or radon or other toxic substances or simply by genetic mutation.