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Ancient Greece
The ancient greek civilization starts around 3200 BC with the Cycladic civilization [followed by the Minoan (2700 BC) and the Mycenean civilization (1600 BC)] and flourished from the 7th century BC to the 2nd century AD, especially in the 5th century BC with the city-states of Athens and Sparta.
10,833 Questions
How were the ancient Greeks ingenious?
The ancient Greeks invented many items which impacted our lives (such as founding the Olympic Games)
The mycenaean kingdoms have giant stone walls, palaces, farms, and estates
How did the Romans takeover Greece?
Rome did not actually invade mainland Greece. It annexed it after 69 years during which she fought six wars. She was drawn into several wars to support her Greek allies in the conflicts between Greek states and, finally, to end the expansionist aims of the kingdom of Macedon, the largest and dominant state in mainland Greece.
Rome's involvement in Greece started because Philip V, the king of Macedon, allied with Hannibal, who was invading Italy, and wanted expand westward to the Adriatic coast (which lies opposite Italy). On that coast he attacked Illyria (which was under Roman control) and western Greece. The Romans fought the First Macedonian War (215-205 B.C.) with the aim of stopping Phillip's expansion close to Italy and preventing him from sending aid to Hannibal. They were supported by allied Greek states: the Aetolian League, the Kingdom of Pergamon and the cities of Sparta, Ellis and Messenia. The war only involved minor battles and was inconclusive. The Romans signed a peace treaty and withdrew from Greece as they had achieved their objectives.
Rome fought the Second Macedonian War (200-197 B.C.) because of Phillip's new wars aimed at conquering the islands and the Anatolian shores of the Aegean Sea. He tried to weaken the island of Rhodes, the great naval power in this Sea, seized Greek territories in western Anatolia (present day Turkey) and attacked the Kingdom of Pergamon, the largest Greek state in Anatolia. Rhodes and Pergamon asked Rome for help and allied with her. Rome sent some ambassadors to try to find a negotiated solution. They made their way to Athens to meet Attalus I, the king of Pergamon and diplomats from Rhodes. They found little desire for war among the Greek states along their route. However, Athens declared war on Macedon and the Macedonians attacked her territories. The Romans issued an ultimatum to Phillip V demanding him to stop attacking any Greek state. Philip ignored this and seized the city of Abydus in Anatolia. Rome declared war. She fought with the help of Greek allies: Rhodes, Pergamon and the Aetolian league. Rome gained the upper hand and this led to some cities of the Achaean League (which was an ally of Macedon) to defect and side with Rome. Since he had only few Greek allies left, Philip had to raise a mercenary army. He was defeated and had to sue for peace on Roman terms. He had to give up his conquests in Anatolia and withdraw from territories in mainland Greece. The Romans left Greece, but left garrisons in three key Greek cities for three years.
The next war Rome fought in Greece was the Roman-Seleucid War (192-188 B.C.) The Seleucid Empire, which was based in Syria, was the most powerful Greek state in Asia. After defeating Ptolemy V, the Greek king of Egypt, in Coele-Syria, Antiochus III, the Seleucid king, conquered all of Ptolemy's territories in Anatolia. He then moved on to Europe and conquered part of Thrace (to the northeast of Greece). The city of Lapsacus asked Rome for help. This lead to three years of negotiations which broke down when Antiochus offered to ally with Rome in exchange for retaining his conquests in Anatolia and Thrace. Rome rejected this and wanted that Antiochus to leave Europe and restore the freedom of the Greeks in Anatolia. Meanwhile, the Aetolian League ended their alliance with Rome, allied with Antiochus and wanted a war against Rome, claiming that Antiochus would liberate Greece from the Romans. In 192 B.C. the Aetolian seized the city of Dementria, but failed to take Sparta and Chalcis. The Romans threatened intervention if Demetria was not freed. This led Antiochus to invade Greece. He expected that Sparta and Macedon would ally with him. Instead, many Greek states allied with Rome: Rhodes, Pergamon, Macedon and the Achaean league. Only the Athamatians joined him. The Seleucids were defeated both in Greece and Anatolia and had to give up most of their possessions in Anatolia. The Romans gave most of these to her main ally in the area, Pergamon.
In 197 B.C. Philip V of Macedon died. His successor, Perseus, had expansionistic aims. He increased the size of his army and made alliances with the kingdom of Epirus (in western Greece), some Illyrian tribes (an area which was under Rome's sphere of influence) and some enemies of Thracian tribes allied to Rome. King Euemenes II of Pergamon accused Perseus of violating the laws of other Greek states. Concerned about their position in Illyria and of their Thracian and Greek allies and the balance of power in Greece, Rome declared war. She fought the Third Macedonian War ((171-168 B.C.) with the support of Pergamon. When the Romans won the war, they took Perseus and members of his court and the aristocracy to Rome as prisoners and enslaved 300,000 Macedonians. Some Macedonian cities and villages were destroyed. Macedon was split into four client republics and their political and economic contacts were restricted.
The Fourth Macedonian War (15O-148 B.C.) triggered by rebellion incited by Andriscus, a pretender to the throne who posed the son of king Perseus and wanted to re-establish the kingdom of Macedon. Andricus was defeated and two years later Macedon was annexed as a Roman province. In the same year (146 B.C.) there was the Achaean war. The Achaean League waged war against Rome and was quickly defeated. The Romans destroyed the main city of the league: Corinth (which lies on the narrow stretch of land which joins the peninsula of the Peloponnese in the south of Greece to the rest of Greece). Rome annexed the Greek territories south of Macedon in central Greece and the Peloponnese Achaea. The also annexed the kingdom of Epirus, in western Greece. Both were incorporated into the Roman province of Macedon.
How is Rome's geography similar to Greece's geography?
Rome's geography is similar to Greece's because they are both part of the Mediterrenean countries.
Although there are many differences-Rome & Greece both have parts in their countires where land is so barren you only have good enought soil for pasturage
~Nick4evr~
What jobs were there in ancient Greece?
Depending on which state, or polis, you lived in, there were many occupations for men in ancient Greece. Some commonly held positions included farmer, shepherd, fisherman, blacksmith, statesman, or warrior (most men of ancient Greece spent a portion of their life serving in the army). There were also a few more 'skilled' trades such as teacher, musician, player, etc.
The role of the woman in ancient Greece was as homemaker. A woman would look after the children, cook meals, and weave.
What body of water did ancient Greeks live by?
the greeks lived by this natural superstiton , as in other words thier gods , like zues and achilles , the god of fire,beauty,waters,dirt the list goes on , and of coarse their government system , which again was a huge part on their gods .
When was ancient Macedonia founded?
The ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia was founded in pre-history but came to historical record when Aigai (modern Vergina) was established as the Macedonian capital in the mid-7th century BC. The kingdom was initially ruled by the royal Argead dynasty, which was followed by the Antipatrid and Antigonid dynasties. Home to the Ancient Macedonians, the kingdom was centered on the northeastern part of the Greek peninsula, being bordered by Epirus to the west, Paeonia to the north, Thrace to the east and Thessaly to the south.
What 2 things does theseus do to help the athenians in their conflict with minos?
Every nine years, Minos, who had defeated Athens in a war,
demanded seven young men and seven young women
to be fed to the Minotaur, a monstrous creature, half man and half bull,
that lived in the Labyrinth, a huge and devilishly complicated maze.
The third time the tribute had to be paid, Theseus voluntarily
took the place of one the male sacrifices, intending to kill the Minotaur
and stop this madness. Ariadne, Minos' daughter, fell in love with Theseus
the moment she saw him, and secretly gave him a ball of string.
He was to tie one end to the door post of the labyrinth and unwind
the string as he went deeper inside, so that he would be able to easily
find his way back out. He found and killed the Minotaur and managed
to escape from Crete with the other young Athenians, as well as Ariadne
and her little sister Phaidra.
Where did calypso live according to the ancient Greeks?
According to legend, a little paradise island where she could suffer alone.
What are some things that Greeks would make sacrifices to the Gods for?
Horses or bulls or any kind of symbolic animal
What was the ancient Mycenaean's capital city called?
The capital of the Mycenaean civilization was Mycenae. The Mycenaean Empire lasted from about 1600 BC to around 1100 BC.
Where did the ancient Greek religion come from?
The Greek gods were a way for the ancient Greeks to explain what was happening in the world. for example the Greeks thought that the sea god Poseidon (Roman: Neptune) was the god of water. when there was earthquakes, the Greeks thought that Poseidon was crashing the water into the land and so they called him "earth shaker"
How were rulers chosen in ancient Greece?
Initially the kings were hereditary. When they were replaced by aristocrats, they formed ruling councils from amongst themselves. When these became too oppressive, tyrants seized power by popular consent to rule or all levels of the city-state. When they became too oppressive, they were replaced by democratic government of the people. When democracy failed, kings, aristocrats (oligarchs) and tyrants returned, according to the needs and preferences of each of the various 2,000 city-states which comprised the Greek world. city
Is Greek theatre intimately bound up with Greek religion?
The plays were part of religious festivals for the gods.
What did the period of peloponnesian war saw?
From 431-404 BCE, the desolation of Greece from Sicily to to Asia Minor.
What was the only way Athenian women could leave their homes?
If they had their husband with them or a male relative with them.
Why were the three kingdoms Hellenistic?
Hellenism/Hellenic was their word for Greek. The kingdoms which arose from Alexander's empire after his death were called Hellenistic as they were based on Greek civilisation. However this was superficial as most of the peoples in the ex-Persian territories retained their old ways - only the upper classes adopted Greek culture. So the word Hellenistic is used instead of Hellenic to indicate the partial culture 'like Hellenic'.
Athens Spartha other city-state join to fight the Persians?
Athens led 180 eastern Greek city-states against the Persians in the last 30 years of the 50-year Persian War.
What did the Greek chorus originally wear?
The tragic Greek chorus originally wore padded clothing, thick-soled shoes, large masks and long robes. The comic Greek chorus, on the other hand, wore thin-soled shoes and smaller masks with distorted, fanciful features, and varied between tunics, robes and skimpier clothing.
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Where did the Greek city-states Athens and Sparta fight each other?
Each headed leagues of cities. Athens was confident of its defences, resources of its empire and sea power. Sparta was confident of its league's land power.
Athens intruded into the affairs of the Peloponnesian League, and refused to back away. War ensued. Neither expected the limited disputes to expand into a 27-year war which devastated the Greek world.
Why is Themistocles important to Greek?
During this phase of the war, both Athens and Eritrea sent a small part of their navy to help the Ionian Greeks. It was
Themistocles
who had encouraged the Athenians to build up their navy for protection. The Athenian navy was strong, with small but fast ships. Their help angered Darius I, who vowed to take revenge on the Greek city-states.
So he"
encouraged Greece to create a strong navy"
What building were the ancient Olympics held?
The ancient Olympics were held at Olympia (near Elis, in the western Peloponnese, Greece). At first there was no stadium in the sense of a structure (stadion in Greek simply means "running-track"). The first stadium at Olympia was built about 550 BC, then remodelled in 500 BC with a sloped bank for spectators to stand on, and so on being re-built several times over nearly 900 years.
Eventually Olympia grew into a complex of temples, accommodations, and other facilities including a stadium for running, a hippodrome for horse-racing, a palaistra for wrestling, etc, etc.
