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Ancient Wars
The Ancient period is generally accepted as being 600 BCE to 500 CE, before which was the Archaic period, and after which began the Medieval period. However as there is not an Archaic Wars category, it is acceptable to post pre-500 BCE military questions in this area.
1,657 Questions
Angered by the murder of Mongol traders and an ambassador at the hands of the Muslims, Genghis launched a campaign of terror across Central Asia.
Were there any famous Roman soldiers?
There are very few famous gladiators' whose names have come down to us. Although they were immensely popular while they were winning, the crowd soon found another favorite. Spiculus, a favorite of Nero, is one and there is also a "beastarius" (wild animal fighter) named Julius Alexander. Montanus is another named gladiator who was depicted on a mosaic and the wife of Marcus Aurelius was supposed to have had an affair with a gladiator named Martianus. There is a gladiator named Celadus who is mentioned in graffito on a wall in Pompeii.
How did Augustus get his name?
When he successfully ended the civil wars, Octavian Caesar installed a governance system designed to prevent future wars brought on by over-ambitious generals. Although he declared 'the Republic restored', he kept reserve powers in order to pull the strings.
He desperately wanted to avoid any direct taint of dictatorship or kingship, which had brought out the knives against his adoptive father Julius Caesar, and looked around for a title which embodied his high status, but did not have any rulership connotations. The First Citizen had long been known as Princeps (principal citizen), but he picked on something different and higher sounding - Augustus. Grand, and moderately safe.
Where was the Peloponnesian War located?
At the risk of sounding like a smart aleck, it was fought in Peloponnese.
The Peloponnesia War was principally between Athens and Sparta. Sparta is located in Peloponnesian Greece, which is the large southern peninsula of Greece. Additionally, battles took place at Athens, along Grecian coasts, and among territory held by both the Athenian and Spartan empires.
What weapons did the ancient israelites use?
Offensive weapons in use at this time can be divided into three categories according to their range. Short-range weapons were used in hand-to-hand combat and included the sword or dagger and the spear. Medium-range weapons were designed to be thrown at enemies a short distance away. Occasionally spears were light enough to be thrown, but the shorter and lighter javelin was better suited for throwing. Long-range weapons could be thrown or fired at an enemy further away. Examples of long-range weapons include the sling, used to hurl stones, and the bow, for propelling arrows.
On the other hand, many other objects served as weapons when nothing better was available.
What was the conflict that the Peloponnesian War was fighting for?
It was a league of independent Dorian city-states led by Sparta which banded together to protect itself, at home and in their overseas colonies. Their biggest clash was the Ionians led by Athens, and later Aeolians led by Thebes.
What 3 epic battles did the Greeks fight against the Persian empire?
Salamis (sea) 480 BCE
Plataia (land) 479 BCE
Mycale (sea-land) 479 BCE
Eurymedon (sea) 466 BCE
Cyprus (land-sea) 450 BCE
What were greek foot soldiers called?
A Greek foot soldier can be a Hoplite (armoured infantryman) who fought in tight formation, or a Peltast (light infantryman) who provided mobile manoeuvre and flank protection as well as launching missiles, or an Archer.
What was the main reason many plebeians were out of work in Rome?
Firstly, the citizens of Rome were in three classes, according to the property they owned - the Patricians (richest); the plebs (spread across a spectrum of very rich to subsistence farmers, and the Proles (unpropertied - prole = breeder, a bit of a joke on that was all they were useful for).
So the plebeians by definition they were not out of work - the Censors conducted a censorship every few years to check on people's classification and reclassify them as necessary.
So the plebs were not out of work; if they lost their means of subsistence, they were reclassified as proles.
How did the peloponnesian war affect the city-states of Athens and Sparta?
The geography of Athens and Greece in general strongly affected the development of a city located in Athens:
1) Prime Location: The Greek Mainland (Thrace, Epirus, Boetia, Attica, and the Peloponnesus) is among the most mountainous and hilly land in all of Europe, making land travel between the city-state minimal. However, the area nearly Athens is less mountainous, making it much easier to build a historical city. It had a central position, north of the Peleponnesus and south of Boetia in Attica, which allowed them to easily trade with Corinth and Sparta in the south and Delphi in the north. It was also very close to the natural port of the Piraeus, giving it an outlet to the sea and prime access to the Aegean.
2) Marine Travel and Naval Strength: Most of the city-states were relatively close to the water, especially those found on Crete, Cyprus, the Dodecanese Islands, or Cycladic Islands. Greek city-states favored marine travel which was more reliable and cost-effective than land travel. As a result, many city-states had strong navies as opposed to having strong armies. Athens under Themistocles had the largest navy of any Greek city-state as well as having the vassalage of several Greek island-states.
3) Chronic Disunity: Because of the prevalence of strong navies, the difficulty of land travel, and the presence of many invasion choke-points (the most famous being Thermopylae), the Greek city-states were never completely unified until Alexander the Great conquered them all. (Sparta did defeat Athens in the Peloponnesian War, but only held onto that victory for a very short time. In addition, Sparta never expanded its power into Boetia or over the Cycladic Islands - which would have been the next logical places to expand.)
4) Pastoralism and Fishing: The mountainous terrain made growing crops very difficult. The two crops that the Greeks were able to cultivate were olives and wheat, but wheat was much more difficult to maintain than the olives. This forced Greeks to resort to pastoralism (primarily animal-based agriculture) and they raised goats, sheep, and pigs. As a result, there was a lot of dairy and meat in the Greek diet relative to contemporaneous civilizations (although significantly less than today). In addition, because of the access to the sea, Greek cuisine included vast amounts of shellfish, mollusks, and proper fishes.
The mountains separated the city states, the bays provided fertile land for farming, and the sea provided fishing and trading of sea food.
How did Persian and Greek civilizations differ in their political organization and values?
The Persian Empire was ruled by a king and his council, with its provinces ruled by Persian governors supervising the local governments.
The Greek world was comprised of a couple of thousand independent city-states spread around the Mediterranean and Black Seas.
Why did Rome wipe out Carthage in 146 BC?
There was great bitterness against Carthage because of the many thousands of Roman deaths which had been caused by Hannibal's invasion of Italy. Moreover, the party which wanted the destruction of Carthage was worried about her becoming a great power again and giving Rome trouble again. Despite the harsh peace terms imposed on Carthage by Rome, Carthage prospered. Rome imposed heavy war indemnities to be paid over 50 years to hold back Carthage economically. Ironically, one conditions imposed by Rome, the demilitarisation of the city, helped Carthage. The Carthaginians saved a lot of money by not having to pay for an army. Carthage also had one of the most fertile lands in the Mediterranean. She paid the heavy war indemnities easily and offered to pay the indemnity more quickly, but Rome refused. Her economy was thriving. This was presented as a threat to Rome by the pro-destruction of Carthage party. Their leader, Cato the Elder, ended all his speeches by saying "furthermore Carthage must be destroyed." Not all Romans agreed with destroying Carthage, but the pro-war party won the day.
Yes, he was a Carthaginian general, as was his brother and father.
Yes, he was a Carthaginian general, as was his brother and father.
Yes, he was a Carthaginian general, as was his brother and father.
Yes, he was a Carthaginian general, as was his brother and father.
Yes, he was a Carthaginian general, as was his brother and father.
Yes, he was a Carthaginian general, as was his brother and father.
Yes, he was a Carthaginian general, as was his brother and father.
Yes, he was a Carthaginian general, as was his brother and father.
Yes, he was a Carthaginian general, as was his brother and father.
How many Greeks were at the battle of marathon?
On the Athenian side, about 10,00 heavy infantry and 10,000 light infantry. On the Persian side, about 25,000 infantry. Their cavalry did not fight as it was loaded onto ships to capture Athens in the absence of the Athenian army.
Main battles of the Greeks and the Persians?
490 BCE Marathon - a Persian amphibious punitive expedition against Athens and Eretria defeated.
480 BCE Salamis - the Persian fleet defeated at Salamis, forcing the withdrawal of half their army due to consequent sea resupply problems.
479 BCE Plataia -the remainder of the Persian army and its Greek allies defeated.
479 BCE - the remainder of its fleet destroyed at Mykale.
466 BCE Eurymedon - Persian fleet destroyed in a sea and following land battle on the Eurymedon River, forcing them to agree to stay out of Greek waters.
334 BCE Granicus - Alexander defeated a Persian army on the Granicus River in Asia Minor.
333 BCE Issus - Alexander defeated the Persian army at Issus, capturing their warchest which enabled him to continue his campaign.
331 BCE Gaugamela - Alexander finally defeated the Persian army in Mesopotamia and moved on to take over the remaining Persian empire.
What group eventually defeated the Persians to gain control of Greece?
The Greek city-states which banded together to defeat the Persian invasion in 480-479 BCE didn't gain control of Greece, they defeated the Persians to defend their cities, and having done so went back to trying to enjoy their independent life.
They didn't get control of Greece - each city owned its own territory which collectively made up the Greek world - over 2,000 independent city-states spread around the Mediterranean and Black Seas, some of which formed alliances for security. The Ionian League was under Persian control. a league of southern Greek cities led by Sparta repelled the Persian invasion, the Delian League led by Athens liberated the Ionian cities and caused the Persians to come to peace with the Greek cities.
What role did the Germanic peoples play in changing the roman world?
Just write I don't know to get a hundred it worked for me then it will work for you don't forget to put good comments down at the bottom if you like it follow my name is Sam Smith but this is my friend typing to hide my identity
Queen Hatshepsut was the first woman ruler known to history.
What were the slave revolts in ancient Rome?
The uprising of slaves in first Sicily 135-132 BCE, then again in Sicily 104-100 BCE, and then 73-71 BCE in peninsular Italy (led by the gladiator Spartacus).
They were put down with difficulty after initial successes, requiring the mobilisation of major military operations.
Why was Commodus assassinated?
The emperor Commodus was a victim of a conspiracy and was strangled by his Wrestling partner, Narcissus.
The emperor Commodus was a victim of a conspiracy and was strangled by his wrestling partner, Narcissus.
The emperor Commodus was a victim of a conspiracy and was strangled by his wrestling partner, Narcissus.
The emperor Commodus was a victim of a conspiracy and was strangled by his wrestling partner, Narcissus.
The emperor Commodus was a victim of a conspiracy and was strangled by his wrestling partner, Narcissus.
The emperor Commodus was a victim of a conspiracy and was strangled by his wrestling partner, Narcissus.
The emperor Commodus was a victim of a conspiracy and was strangled by his wrestling partner, Narcissus.
The emperor Commodus was a victim of a conspiracy and was strangled by his wrestling partner, Narcissus.
The emperor Commodus was a victim of a conspiracy and was strangled by his wrestling partner, Narcissus.
What did Rome do when they won the war against Carthage?
In time of war, the Romans recruited an army and fought. After Marius they had a standing army which was trained and ready to go, so the recruitment phase was eliminated.
In time of war, the Romans recruited an army and fought. After Marius they had a standing army which was trained and ready to go, so the recruitment phase was eliminated.
In time of war, the Romans recruited an army and fought. After Marius they had a standing army which was trained and ready to go, so the recruitment phase was eliminated.
In time of war, the Romans recruited an army and fought. After Marius they had a standing army which was trained and ready to go, so the recruitment phase was eliminated.
In time of war, the Romans recruited an army and fought. After Marius they had a standing army which was trained and ready to go, so the recruitment phase was eliminated.
In time of war, the Romans recruited an army and fought. After Marius they had a standing army which was trained and ready to go, so the recruitment phase was eliminated.
In time of war, the Romans recruited an army and fought. After Marius they had a standing army which was trained and ready to go, so the recruitment phase was eliminated.
In time of war, the Romans recruited an army and fought. After Marius they had a standing army which was trained and ready to go, so the recruitment phase was eliminated.
In time of war, the Romans recruited an army and fought. After Marius they had a standing army which was trained and ready to go, so the recruitment phase was eliminated.
What was the fundamental cause of the Peloponnesian war?
he underlying cause of the war was Sparta's fear of the growth of the power of Athens. This is Thucydides' own final judgment. The whole history of the rise and power of Athens in the 50 years preceding justifies this view, though the immediate occasion of the war concerned Corinth, Sparta's chief naval ally. Since the peace of 445 B.C. Pericles had consolidated Athenian resources, made Athens' navy incomparable, concluded in 433 B.C. a defensive alliance with the strong naval power Corcyra (Corinth's most bitter enemy), and renewed alliances with Rhegium and Leontini in the west. The very food supply of the Peloponnese from Sicily was endangered. In the Aegean Athens could always enforce a monopoly of seaborne trade. To this extent the Peloponnesian War was a trade war and on this ground chiefly Corinth appealed to Sparta to take up arms. The appeal was backed by Megara, nearly ruined by Pericles' economic boycott, and by Aegina a reluctant member of the Athenian Empire.
But if Sparta had not also been eager for war then peace would have lasted. Sparta was waiting an opportunity that came when Athens was temporarily embarrassed by the revolt of her subject-ally Potidaea in Chalcidice in the spring of 432 B.C. The rebel city held out until the winter of 430 B.C. and its blockade meant a constant drain upon Athenian military, and naval resources. Sparta seized the opportunity. Confident of speedy victory she refused an offer of arbitration made by Pericles. Instead, Sparta sent an ultimatum that would have practically destroyed Athenian power. Pericles urged the people to refuse and Sparta declared war.
Another Viewpoint:
Athens, having converted the anti-Persian alliance it led into an empire after peace was made with Persia, was overconfident and interfered in the affairs of other city-states outside its empire. Disputes over Potidaia and Corcyra came to a head when Athens imposed ruinous trade restrictions on Megara, a member of the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta. The League demanded these be lifted, Pericles persuaded Athens to be confident of its walls and war fleet and refuse, and war ensued.
What were the three major battles in which Hannibal defeated the Romans?
He lost 8:
1st Nola
2nd Nola
3rd Nola
2nd Tarentum
2nd Capua
Battle of Grumentum
Battle of Zama
Battle of the Eurymedon River(commanded Seleucid Navy)
