Cathedral and Church History

The mission church is the oldest intact building in San Francisco. Mission Dolores survived the great fire and earthquake of 1906. In the movie Vertigo Jimmy Stewart, as detective, Scottie Ferguson, followed Kim Novak (the central character, Madeleine Elster) through Mission Dolores and into the cemetery. Some 36,000 adobe bricks were employed in the construction of the Dolores church.

the Hudson Bay Company was formed, thus initiating full-scale economic war between France and England for fur trade profits in Quebec

There is no fixed number, but for a Carilllon, which is a tuned musical instrument operated from some form of Keyboard, the minimum is set by musicologists at 23 bells. a good memory-jogger is the time-honored 23Rd Psalm. By the way many of the Psalms in the Bible were originally intended to be lyrics for Hymns, there was a form of musical instrument ( not bell type) called a Psaltery for this purpose. While we are at it, I understand Bells are NOT used in Temples or Synagogues of the Jewish Faith. There are no wedding bells in Synagogues!

101 keys

The University of Notre Dame was founded in 1842 and created the town of Notre Dame, IN with a post office on campus

Yes. this is free of charge and more than 13.5 million people visit the cathedral every year, making it the most visited monument in France (and possibly Europe)

Gargoyles are said to ward off evil. Logically they would be used on this cathedral to ward of evil spirits from the church. They are used to direct rain water away from the building preventing deterioration. In older times, thy were thought to ward off evil spirits.

There wasn't any specific person who made stained glass windows, only the people that helped out in loony town

Notre-Dame de Paris

It is called the Cathedral of "Hagia Sophia" which means Divine Wisdom.

Octavian defeated Antony and became the first ruler of the Roman Empire.

The Cathedral is the Hagia Sophia -- pronounced ah-ya so-fee-a. (Greek Ἁγία Σοφία / Turkish Ayasofya)

Canterbury always had religious significance as a place of pilgrimage. However, after the death of Thomas Becket, his canonization by Pope Alexander and his elevation to sainthood, its popularity was assured. At Beckets death, locals collected cloth soaked with his blood. To touch or be touched by the blood reputedly cured blindness, epilepsy and all other ills. As this became known throughout the kingdom, Canterbury became THE place of pilgrimage.

The cathedral of Reims was built between 1211 and 1275. It is listed in the world heritage sites and had 1.5 million visitors in 2007.

The Middle Ages. 5th Century to 16th Century.

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For the most part they were sold to wealthy private buyers amongst the Nobility and Gentry! Both Catholic and Protestant bought them! The money went in to the Kings Coffers, while the monks and nuns obtained pensions and carried on some sort of religious life,quite often.

Some monasteries were turned in to schools and other monies gained from the monasteries went to pay the cost of bishoprics that were formed.

These cathedrals include flying buttresses to help spread out the weight of the vaults.

James Wolfe was born on January 2, 1727.

There were many times when kings or emperors tried to take power away from the Church. One way they did this was to insist that they had the right to appoint bishops or even popes, and the question of whether the kings could do this was called the Investiture Controversy. When they tried to appoint bishops, they got away with it, sometimes, for a while. They even succeeded in appointing their own popes, though doing so split the Church in what was called the Great Schism of the West.

There were many kings and emperors who ran antagonized popes and found it was a big mistake. The problem they had was that the whole fabric of society was regulated by oaths, which were effectively binding contracts, and which could only be nullified by permission from the Church. Everything, from the support the nobility gave to the kings, to treaties the kings had with each other, could be rendered invalid, if a king was excommunicated. Since every king had his enemies, having this happened could cause rebellions and invasions. Great kings like Henry II of England, King John of England, and Emperor Henry IV of the Holy Roman Empire both suffered from this sort of problem. In the case of King John, the result was sufficiently difficult that he allowed himself to become a vassal of the pope to get out of it.

On the other hand, the Church had little secular power. It usually had no military to command, and was at the mercy of the kings to some degree. When Pope Leo III was attacked by a mob that was enraged at his election, because his father was an ordinary farmer, Charlemagne had to send a military force to come to his rescue.

Please see the links below.

It is a very beautiful ancient place. People go for pilgrimage because mainly for its inner beauty and because of Welsh history. Many people say that it is a magical place but you wouldn't know unless you stayed there, but indeed it is quite magical. It is a place where it shows it true essence of Welsh history and culture. It is very special because of its religious pilgrimage site. Mainly St David's is a place where you see its natural beauty of Pembrokeshire coast. (just for your info St David's Cathedral is in Pembrokeshire West Wales) Please do not copy this in any way because I did this with my own words. It religious site continued from 14 centuries. You can still catch faint echoes of St. David's voice, which is one of those magical things about St David's Cathedral. I hope you liked my words.

The seven year war between Britain and France resulted in the conquest of new France by the British in 1759 at the battle of plains of Abraham which led to Canadian self rule eventually.

Lord Burleigh, Sir Francis Vere, George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham; Admiral Blake; Monk, Duke of Albemarle; Montague, Earl of Sandwich; Butler, Duke of Ormond; William, first Earl of Marlborough; General Killigrew, Sir Cloudesley Shovel, Admiral Churchill; John Campbell, Duke of Argyle and Greenwich; Sir James Outram, Lord Clyde, Lord Chatham, William Pitt, Charles Fox, George Canning, Warren Hastings, Zachary Macaulay, Wilberforce, and Livingstone, all public men; Chaucer, Spenser, Shakespeare, Ben Jonson, Dryden, Milton, Butler, Addison, Congreve, Pope, Thomson, and Campbell, all poets; Casaubon, Camden, Izaak Walton, Watts, Goldsmith, Dr. Johnson, Sheridan, Lord Macaulay, and Dickens, all scholars and men of letters; Purcell, Blow, Arnold, Burney, Cooke, and Handel, all musicians; Kneller, Chambers, Wyatt, Banks, Barry, Virtue, and Wollett, all artists; and lastly, Sir Isaac Newton, John Conduitt, Martin Ffolkes, Hugh Chamberlain, Matthew Baillie, Sir Robert Moray, Sir Samuel Morland, James Watt, Rennell, and Robert Stephenson, all men of science