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Civil Engineering
Civil Engineering is a profession of designing and executing structural works that serve the general public, like houses, buildings, roads, etc. A Civil Engineer is an engineer trained in the design and construction of public works, such as bridges or dams, and other large facilities.
4,921 Questions
How do you prevent efflorescence?
Brick Efflorescence Analysis
• Firstly: There must be water-soluble salts present somewhere in the wall.
• Secondly: There must be sufficient moisture in the wall to render the salts into a soluble solution.
• Thirdly: There must be a path for the soluble salts to migrate through to the surface where the moisture can evaporate, thus depositing the salts which then crystallize and cause efflorescence.
All three conditions must exist.
If any one of these conditions is not present, then efflorescence cannot occur. Even though the efflorescence problem is complex, it is not difficult to prevent. Although no economically feasible way exists to totally eliminate any one of these three conditions, it is quite simple to reduce all three and make it nearly impossible for efflorescence to occur.
Brick Efflorescence is the stubborn problem that has caused confusion and trouble for masonry since the first time it appeared thousands of years ago on ancient masonry walls. Efflorescence is normally the white, powdery scum that can appear on masonry walls after construction but can also be brown green or yellow, depending on the type of salts. Nobody likes it, nobody wants it on their walls, but occasionally this persistent problem appears.
Great deals of time, money and effort have been spent trying to solve the difficulties efflorescence generates. Many test programs have been developed and numerous attempts have been made to eliminate this problem. Unfortunately, nothing has proven 100% effective against this very stubborn problem. However, even though no surefire cure has been discovered, a great deal has been learned about how efflorescence works and how to prevent it, and if preventive measures are inadequate.
Consider taking the proactive approach of stabilizing a concrete to prevent moisture from traveling in or out of the matrix. A stabilizing product penetrates into the gel-pore capillary system to form a solid inside. This stops moisture from migrating out to the surface carrying chemicals with it, that then react with the atmosphere.
This migration out to a surface, not only causes efflorescence, it also carries alkali's in the concrete to cause burning or peeling of coatings that have been applied.
How much extra type 1 cement do you add to bag mix to make type 3 cement?
Typically you would need about 30% more type I cement to attain the same early strength gain as Type III cement.
Why should the cement aggregate be well graded?
A variation in aggregate side (well graded) allows the concrete to be more dense, which means less voids, which allows for stronger concrete. Think of it this way. If you had a two rooms, and you filled one with just basketballs and the other with beach balls, then basket balls, then baseballs, then golf balls, then bee bees which would you think would be filled more. The one with the varying sized balls.
Is steel plate is considered as structural steel?
yes. The sheet metal roof of the building and the sheet metal walls around the steel columns, beams, crosses, trusses should be in the definition of the steel structure.
What is the Abutment of the culvert?
A structure for resisting the pressure of water against a bridge. It supports or receives the thrust of part of the arch of the bridge. It absorbs the tensions. It receives the arch at the end of a brdge
Do civil engineers build airports?
Yes, civil engineers play a crucial role in the design and construction of airports. They are responsible for planning and overseeing infrastructure projects such as runways, taxiways, terminals, and parking areas, ensuring that these facilities meet safety and operational standards. Their expertise in materials, structural integrity, and environmental considerations helps create efficient and safe airport environments. Additionally, civil engineers collaborate with other professionals, including architects and transportation planners, to integrate the various components of airport development.
How much does Michelle bridges weigh?
Michelle Bridges weighs about 60kg. Well that's what she said on the fourth season.
A framework of heavy timbers, steel, or reinforced concrete beams laid longitudinally and crossed by similar members laid upon them to spread a heavy load over a larger area, esp. for use where the ground is not firm.
What is the minimum required thickness for pile cap?
Pile cap should no less than 1.5 times the dia of pile
What is the lowest degree in civil engineering?
There are community colleges that offer an associate of applied science (AAS) degree in civil engineering technology. However, for the professional degree, the minimum degree requirement is a bachelor's degree from a college or university that is accredited by the requisite professional body. Also be aware that further post-graduate study may be required to achieve professional status.
How many tons can a one meter square 20mm thick steel plate hold?
Firstly the question needs to be defined further:
-How is the load applied, distributed or point loading?
-How is the steel plate supported one edge, two edges , three edges or all four?
How do you know the number of people that a room can contain?
2kN/m2 live load.. assume... and 200kg/m2.. divide by avg wt of people.. we ll get no. of person can stand on the floor per m2..... if the room size is lb sq.m.. then multiply no of person per sq. m with the total area?
What is the modulating frequency of amplitude modulation?
the frequency range of an am wave is 20herz to 20kilo herz
What is the role of a contractor in construction?
the role of a contractor in construction is to ensure that the structure is built as per drawings. Specifically as per Architectual drawing because it is this drawing which best represents the final structure to an owner. In the fulfillment of their role the contractor will liease with consultants, sub-trades and owners to achieve the common goal of work being completed on time and with in budget.
An baromtric loop as regards to plumbing is an 1 way backflow preventer,meaning it prevents backflow from the standpoint of an backsiphonage or an vacuum condition.It is a piping arrangement that consist of an vertical pipe of at least 33.7 feet if I remember correctly where in a perfect vaccum it cant siphon the contents on the supply side past the top of the loop due to the physics of it being impossible to create an perfect vacuum
When the structure has faded or detoriorated (many, many years depending on the bridge).
Who made Queen Elizabeth bridge?
The Queen Elizabeth Bridge was built by one architect called Helmut Homberg. The Queen Elizabeth bridge was opened in 1991 by Queen Elizabeth the second.
How do tornadoes affect building or bridges?
Depending on the quality and and type of construction of the bridge or building and the intensity of the tornado, structures can suffer varying degrees of damage. Damage may range from minor, superficial damage, to complete destruction.
What are the Types of screens in sewage system?
Screens are of
Fine screens (small openings)
Coarse screens (relatively large compared to fine)
What year was the national road built?
The National Road, also known as the Cumberland Road, was constructed beginning in 1811. It was the first major improved highway in the United States and extended from Cumberland, Maryland, to Vandalia, Illinois. Construction continued over several decades, with significant portions completed by the mid-1830s.
What eligibility for psu engg exam means percentage age etc?
for psu exam u should have minimum 65% marks in your engg carrier.
Sewers are egg-shaped because that shape ensures that they are narrower at the bottom. This shape causes water near the bottom to flow faster, reducing the likelihood of solids being deposited. If solids were deposited, the sewer would eventually silt up and become blocked.
