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Computer Hardware
Computer hardware is a general term used to refer to all the physical parts of a computer. Internal hardware devices include hard drives and motherboards, while external hardware devices include monitors, mice, keyboards, and printers.
11,849 Questions
What is Ergonomics of a computer?
Ergonomics is the science of designing safe and comfortable machines for humans. In computers, it plays an important role in the design of monitors and keyboards to avoid cumulative trauma disorders or repetitive stress injuries.
What are the different types of scanning devices?
as i resently found out there are many types of scanners. They are the flatbed, photo, sheetfeed, portable, slide, drum, hand, single sheet scanners.
Advantages of parallel computing?
Save time and/or money: In theory, throwing more resources at a task will shorten its time to completion, with potential cost savings. Parallel clusters can be built from cheap, commodity components.
Provide concurrency: A single compute resource can only do one thing at a time. Multiple computing resources can be doing many things simultaneously
Use of non-local resources: Using compute resources on a wide area network, or even the internet when local compute resources are scarce.
Limits to serial computing: Both physical and practical reasons pose significant constraints to simply building ever faster serial computers:
- Transmission speeds - the speed of a serial computer is directly dependent upon how fast data can move through hardware. Absolute limits are the speed of light (30 cm/nanosecond) and the transmission limit of copper wire (9 cm/nanosecond). Increasing speeds necessitate increasing proximity of processing elements.
- Limits to miniaturization - processor technology is allowing an increasing number of transistors to be placed on a chip. However, even with molecular or atomic-level components, a limit will be reached on how small components can be.
- Economic limitations - it is increasingly expensive to make a single processor faster. Using a larger number of moderately fast commodity processors to achieve the same (or better) performance is less expensive.
The output voltage from a PC power supply are?
Generally, there will be a 12+ volt rail, a 5+ volt rail and often a 3+ volt rail.
What is the maximum length of a 1394a cable?
IEEE1394a runs at 400 to 3200 Megabits/second. aka Apple firewire.
7 Why is binary code suitable for use with computers?
Binary is well suited for computers because it only needs two symbols to represent numbers a 1 and a 0. In a computer a circuit can be in 2 states on and off hence in the simplest implementation"on" represents a 1 and "off" a 0.
What is the defferences between flowchart and pseudocode?
A flowchart is a graphical approach to describe the computer program's logic process.
Pseudocode is a mock-up code written using easy-to-understand words to describe the details of that logic just before drafting the actual code to build the program.
How do computers translate human language to binary code?
first there are ascci codes for every key word & character. when you press any key it means you have press specific ascci code for that character.
example: if you press 1 its ascci code is 48. so the no 48 will get converted to binary by using of universal gates and encoder, and it will get stored in the ram. then by using decoder and logic gates it again get converted in to human language.
harsheet147@gmail.com
The characteristics of ideal power supply?
some are:
1.) zero output impedance.
2.) perfect voltage regulation, especially no voltage over/undershoot with stepped loads.
3.) over-current protection by hard limiting or fold-back.
Others may have different opinions or preferences.
How does a surge protector work?
Surge protectors contain a semiconductor device that in some ways is similar to a special kind of fuse which constantly monitors the incoming voltage for "spikes" of very high voltage which, if not suppressed, could "zap" or destroy the equipment it is protecting.
Computers, televisions - and similar expensive and/or very fragile consumer electronics equipment - is worth protecting from damage from high voltage spikes by using a surge protector.
If the incoming voltage exceeds the rated "highest allowed voltage" of the semiconductor device, it instantly reacts to "clamp" the voltage - doing which may or may not blow the surge protector's internal fuse - thus, protecting the end-user's equipment from permanent damage by the "high voltage spike".
How would you describe the fetch execute cycle?
Fetch Execute Cycle
A more complete form of the Instruction Fetch Execute Cycle can be broken
down into the following steps:
1. Fetch Cycle
2. Decode Cycle
3. Execute Cycle
4. Interrupt Cycle
1. Fetch Cycle
The fetch cycle begins with retrieving the address stored in the Program
Counter (PC). The address stored in the PC is some valid address in the
memory holding the instruction to be executed. (In case this address does
not exist we would end up causing an interrupt or exception).The Central
Processing Unit completes this step by fetching the instruction stored at
this address from the memory and transferring this instruction to a special
register - Instruction Register (IR) to hold the instruction to be executed.
The program counter is incremented to point to the next address from
which the new instruction is to be fetched.
2. Decode Cycle
The decode cycle is used for interpreting the instruction that was fetched in the Fetch Cycle. The operands are retrieved from the addresses if the need be.
3. Execute Cycle
This cycle as the name suggests, simply executes the instruction that was fetched and decoded
The main tools for soldering include a soldering iron, a stand for the soldering iron, and solder. You'd likely use other tools such as brushes, picks, heat sinks, solder wick, desoldering irons, etc.
What is the function of a parallel port on a computer?
The parallel port was mainly created to be able to send data to a printer. As time passed, it was used for other things, like transferring data between computers with software, or to attach a tape drive. It is called a parallel port because there are at least 8 pins carrying data at the same time, thus enabling it to transmit entire bytes at a time. In a serial port, the data is sent lengthwise, one bit at a time.
What is the use of little endian and big endian?
"Little Endian" means that the lower-order byte of the number is stored in memory at the lowest address, and the high-order byte at the highest address. For example, a 4 byte Integer
Byte3 Byte2 Byte1 Byte0
will be arranged in memory as follows:
Base Address+0 Byte0
Base Address+1 Byte1
Base Address+2 Byte2
Base Address+3 Byte3
Intel processors (those used in PC's) use "Little Endian" byte order.
"Big Endian" means that the high-order byte of the number is stored in memory at the lowest address, and the low-order byte at the highest address. The same 4 byte integer would be stored as:
Base Address+0 Byte3
Base Address+1 Byte2
Base Address+2 Byte1
Base Address+3 Byte0
Motorola processors (those used in Mac's) use "Big Endian" byte order.
What are the steps to create a folder?
What is the difference between PROM and EPROM?
EPROM (Electronic Programmable Read Only Memory) chips can be erased if it needs to be updated or fixed. It can be erased electronically only These are comparatively expensive than PROMs. PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory) chips are relatively once written and to rewrite them you need to replace entire data on it. These are relatively less costly.
PROM is the Programmable ROM that allows the user to store data. an instrument called a PROM programmer does the storing by 'burning in', once the data has been burned, the data cannot be erased!
On the other hand, an EPROM allows the data to be erased by the help of uv lights. i.e EPROM is uv light erasable and electrically reprogrammable.
What are the main functions of an Assembler?
An assembler is used to convert low-level assembly language into machine code. Assembly language is a symbolic language that maps 1:1 with the machine code produced by the assembler.
A compiler is used to convert a high-level language into a low-level language such as intermediate byte code, assembly or native machine code.
An interpreter is used to convert a high-level language or byte code into native machine code. Statements are typically converted to machine code instructions one statement at a time, rather than all at once.
All high-level are either compiled or interpreted, however some are both compiled and interpreted. Most compiled languages compile to machine code, however some, such as Java, compile to an intermediate byte code which must then be interpreted to produce the machine code.
How to calculate power loss in power cable?
The length of the cable is determined by the distance from the center of the distribution panel to the center of the load.
What are the different generations of microprocessors?
NO DIFFERENCE they all use the basic three units. I/O, ARITHMETIC and PROCESSOR. The difference is enhancement of the products. Speed buss with more bits per byte I/O speed and a co processor to alleviate overhead of I/O management.
How do you solder an integrated circuit without causing any damage?
Wear eye protection, as solder has been known to spit (bubble). Wear gloves (solder is very HOT). Keep your workplace dry when using an electric soldering gun. Keep flammable liquids and materials away from the work area. Keep your work area clean and clutter free. Never leave a hot iron or gun unattended.
Why is a power supply dangerous even after the power is disconnected?
Power supplies have large capacitors in them. These capacitors store electricity in them even when mains power is shut off. If you were to touch the connections on the bottom of the capacitors, you could receive a potentially lethal shock. For this reason, you should never disassemble a power supply unless you have received training in how to properly discharge the capacitors.
More answers
Because of the big electric charge held within the capacitors inside it.
Computer power supplies have very large capacitors (elements that store charge) that could give you a very powerful shock if you managed to discharge them. They're like batteries that let go of all their charge at once.
Capacitors store energy (power) for an indefinite time. Touching both leads of any charged capacitor can give you a real good jolt.
For example, the tube of an old-fashioned television set is a giant capacitor in electronic terms: even though a TV may have just been switched off and unplugged, there may still be about 40,000 volts stored up in its cathode ray tube (CRT) that will cause great harm unless proper precautions are taken to discharge it safely.
Though the size of a cache has increased over time, so too has the size of hard disk. An economical comparison of cache versus hard disk space in a cost per MB analsysis will show that a cache would be significantly more expensive. Furthermore, cache in general is considered "temporary" or volatile storage which means that the contents of the storage device is lost when the system is powered off. A hard disk, on the other hand, is "long term" or non-volatile storage; when the system is powered off, the hard disk still safely holds the data stored on it.
The advantages of CMOS are as follows:
- Low power consumption
- It has a wider voltage variation 3v to 15vdc
- The fan-out capacity of this device is high
- high input resistance
What is the artificial language designed to communicate instruction to a computer?
The type of computer language you are referring to are called high-level languages. High-level programming languages are very abstract and allow humans to better understand the source code by writing it in a human-readable fashion. Below is an example of a snippet of C++ code, which is a high-level language.
int n1 = 1;
Anyone can tell what this does just by looking at it. This statement declares an integer variable with the name n1 and initializes it with a value of 1.
Information system input devices?
Input devices transfer data to an information system and the system processes the data. There are manual input devices and direct data entry devices that are used. Manual devices include keyboards and scanners. Direct data entry devices include smart cards and optical mark recognition.
