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Computer Programming

A category for questions about computer programming and programming languages.

10,506 Questions

How do you make programming language?

Designing a new language is not a task that can be undertaken lightly. As well as designing the language itself, you must also design the translator(s) that will convert your high-level code into machine code. Or, at least, into a language that can then be converted using an existing translator. To take an example from history, the very first C++ compiler was not really a compiler at all, it simply converted the high-level C++ code into high-level C code which could then be compiled into low-level machine code using the C compiler. C++ has come a long way since then, but that's precisely how it started. C++ evolved primarily from C and shared much of its syntax, but added new features that simply weren't available in C and therefore wouldn't compile under C. Thus the new features had to be translated into C code while the C compiler did the real work of producing the machine code.

Keep in mind that the goal of any high-level language is to make it easier to create machine code programs on as wide a variety of architectures as possible. So unless you want to learn the low-level functionality of every machine type in common use today, you'd be best advised to pick a language and platform that you are already highly familiar with and create a new language that makes it easier to create programs for that platform using that particular language.

Is there any code to make a batch file that cannot be closed unless the maker of that batch files has an exit code?

Try:

@echo off

title Enter close code

:start

SET /P ANSWER=Close code:

if /i {%ANSWER%}=={1234} (goto :yes)

goto :start

:yes

echo I will now close please continue

pause

exit

-------

So the code is 1234 on there

What is the meaning of muse in common language?

Muse means a variety of things.1: Muse is any or the nine daughters (Calliope,Clio,Erato,Euterpe,Melpomene,Polyhymnia,Terpsichore,Thalia and Urania) of Mnemosyne (goddess of memory) and Zeus in the Greek mythology, each presiding over a different form of art. 2: Source of inspiration for an artist (especially a poet). 3: A poet 4: to be absorbed in thought or a state of meditation

to muse - mull over, ponder,reflect, brood, consider

What is validation of an algorithm?

Once an algorithm has been devised it become necessary to show that it works it computer the correct to all possible, legal input. One simply way is to code into a program. However converting the algorithm into program is a time consuming process. Hence,it is essential to be reasonably sure about the effectiveness of the algorithm beforeit is coded. This process, at the algorithm level,is called"validation". Several mathematical and other empirical method of validation are available. Providing the validation of an algorithm is a fairly complex process and most often a complete theoritical validation though desirable, mey not be provided. Alternately, algorithm segment,which have been proved elsewhere may be used and the overall working algorithm may be empirically validated for several test cases.Such method,although suffice in most cases,may often lead to the presence of unidentified bugs or side effect later on.

And

The process of measuring the effectiveness of an algorithm before it is coded to know the algorithm is correct for every possible input.This process is called validation. Example :-

This article describes the algorithms for validating bank routing numbers and credit card numbers using the checksum built into the number. While they differ in how they are generated, the technique used for both is similar.

by Niraj Sharma

How do you get rid of vista?

Format the drive and install a new operating system in its place.

How do you split your harddrive into 2 segments?

Called "partitioning" ... usually done during total format of the drive. The user specifies how much of the diskspace gets dedicated in each partition.

Answer B

Go to Start>Administrative tools>Nr2 something with computer>Then reduce the volume on the first u got there then create a new volume and add the space to it.

What is object linker?

In computer science, a linker or link editor is a program that takes one or more objects generated by a compiler and combines them into a single executable program.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linker

This is a response to the question, "What is object linker?". The appropriate question would have been, "What is a linker or link editor in the field of Computer Science and Software Engineering?". Note that a linker is called a loader when it refers to a run-time process. Linkers refer to compile-time processes.

What are the various operations in linked list which can be performed on linked list?

In linked list, there are various operations in linked list that you can perform on linked list, eg: adding new elements, deleting elements, getting the first element, getting the next element after an element, any many others.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of Solid modeling?

Solid modeling is advantageous because it is unambiguous, gives tremendous information and is best suitable for calculating properties. The disadvantage is that it requires large memory and inhibits fast manipulation.

Can stack be called fifo data structure?

No. A stack is a LIFO (Last In First Out) data structure.

A queue is a FIFO (First In First Out) data structure.

Why main method only called by jvm why not any other our own static method?

At the time of developing jvm the development team by default make a only one method call i.e; 'main' method call in the jvm that's why when the call is loading into the jvm the jvm call the main method...and execution was starts..

What is the purpose of the AzCIS program?

To help people access current, accurate, and high quality career information, assessment, and planning tools for promoting career development for a lifetime.

Who is the father of information processing?

Herman Hollerith who developed the first mechanical tabulating system in 1890 (approximately).

What will be the MIPS code to find factorial of a number?

.data 0x10010000
fact: .space 4
.text
.globl main

main: addu $s0, $ra, $0
lui $s1,0x1001
ori $t0,$0,12
ori $t4,$0,1
addi $t1,$t0,-1
mul $t3,$t1,$t0

loop: beq $t1,$t4,slese
addi $t1,$t1,-1
mul $t3,$t3,$t1
j loop

slese: sw $t3,0($s1)
addu $ra,$0,$s0
jr $ra

Write a program in 'C' to find perfect number?

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

void main()

{

int i,j,sum;

clrscr();

for(i=1;i<=500;i++)

{

j=1;

sum=0;

while(j<i)

{

if(i%j==0)

sum=sum+j;

j++;

}

if(sum==i)

printf("%d\n",i);

}

getch();

}

Write a program to generate CRC?

/*

written by: Bibhakar Jha;

objective : to implement CRC in c programming language;

*/

//Program code to add CRC check bit

#include

#include

#define N strlen(g)

char t[28],cs[28],g[]="10001000000100001";

int a,e,c;

void xor()

{

for(c = 1;c < N; c++)

cs[c] = (( cs[c] == g[c])?'0':'1');

}

void crc()

{

for(e=0;e

cs[e]=t[e];

do{

if(cs[0]=='1')

xor();

for(c=0;c

cs[c]=cs[c+1];

cs[c]=t[e++];

}while(e<=a+N-1);

}

int main()

{

clrscr();

printf("\nEnter data : ");

scanf("%s",t);

printf("\n----------------------------------------");

printf("\nGeneratng polynomial : %s",g);

a=strlen(t);

for(e=a;e

t[e]='0';

printf("\n----------------------------------------");

printf("\nModified data is : %s",t);

printf("\n----------------------------------------");

crc();

printf("\nChecksum is : %s",cs);

for(e=a;e

t[e]=cs[e-a];

printf("\n----------------------------------------");

printf("\nFinal codeword is : %s",t);

printf("\n----------------------------------------");

printf("\nTest error detection 0(yes) 1(no)? : ");

scanf("%d",&e);

if(e==0)

{

do{

printf("\nEnter the position where error is to be inserted : ");

scanf("%d",&e);

}while(e==0 e>a+N-1);

t[e-1]=(t[e-1]=='0')?'1':'0';

printf("\n----------------------------------------");

printf("\nErroneous data : %s\n",t);

}

crc();

for(e=0;(e

if(e

printf("\nError detected\n\n");

else

printf("\nNo error detected\n\n");

printf("\n----------------------------------------\n");

getch();

return 0;

}

What are the differences between Stack Arrays Queues tabular Form?

Array: A contiguous block of memory. When you know the position of the nth element of an array, you know that the elements at n+1 and n-1 are very nearby in memory.

Stack: A first-in-last-out data structure. A stack can be backed by most generic data structures (even arrays), but the linked-list type seems to be most common. You can think of a stack like a stack of playing cards. You can put a bunch of cards facedown on a table, and when you draw from the stack, you can only take the topmost card. The "first-in-last-out" means that the card that you put down first can't be removed until you remove all cards on top of it.

Queue: A first-in-first-out data structure. Very similar to a stack in regards to data storage. Think of this one like a line of people. The first person in the line is the first one to get out of it, and everyone behind them has to wait their turn.

What is meta messages?

Metamessages are the way men and women communicate with each other. It is the way they are receiving the message that leads it to the reaction. Example, women always say "Im fine" but in reality we are not okay, it just means we want our partner to discuss more into the situation but the problem is that not all men understand that and they will simply accept when the girl says "I'm fine"

What is arp -a?

The Windows command arp stands for address resolution protocol which simply transforms an IP address to its corresponding physical network address.

And 'arp -a' simply lists down the physical network addresses of the network devices connected to the current PC.

What does a mock object mean in programming?

Mock objects are simulted objects that mimic behavior of real objects. They can have the same controlled variables with each other and are used everyday in programming.

What is WPF?

WPF stands for Windows Presentation Foundation and it is essentially a new API for creating a graphical user interfaces for the Windows platform. It provides a consistent programming model for building applications and provides a clear separation between the user interface and the business logic. WPF employs the use of 2D and 3D drawing, fixed and adaptive documents, advanced typography, vector graphics,raster graphics, animation, data binding, audio and video thanks to the presence of DirectX in one of the lower levels of its architecture. WPF comes pre-installed on Windows Vista and i based on .NET 3.0. Although like its predecessor, WinForms, it too incorporates the use of buttons, combo-boxes, list-boxes etc, instead of using a designer generated code file or a resource file as the source of a UI definition, it makes use of XAML (Extensible Application Markup Language) which is a unique way of including code in a mark up.

PS: I apologize if this answer seems inadequate for i answered only because of the statement : Even if you can't offer a complete answer, help us get things started

If you are interested in WPF, also check out the Silverlight which is a cross-browser, cross platform plugin, that provides rich web based content to your browser. Silverlight is basically the web implementation of WPF.