Infectious Diseases

1. Prokaryotic cells without a nucleus.
2. Presence of cell walls made of peptidoglycan.
3. Typically reproduce asexually through binary fission.
4. Varied shapes such as cocci, bacilli, spirilla.
5. Lack membrane-bound organelles.
6. Can be autotrophic or heterotrophic.
7. Ability to form endospores in harsh conditions.
8. Important roles in ecology, biotechnology, and human health.

yes

they can be

ingested via digest tract,

inhaled whilst breathing

passed on through direct contact ( touching infected person, sexual contact)

passed on through indirect contact (touching an object that an infected person has touched previously)

injected by anything that pierces the skin (needles insect bites)

Measles is actually viral so it may be self limiting and there are vaccines that already help you cure the disease. However, this also depends on the capacity of the body of the patient. Especially in children, their immune system should not be compromised so that the disease will not be so much aggressive. It should also be detected early with the early sign and symptoms so that prompt medical attention is given to the patient.

Approximately 20-25% of untreated infected victims are quickly killed by the bacteria anthrax. Symptoms can progress rapidly, leading to severe illness and death within a matter of days. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment with antibiotics are crucial for improving survival rates.

You are most susceptible to germs when your immune system is weakened, such as when you are stressed, fatigued, or not eating well. Additionally, close contact with people who are sick, not practicing good hygiene habits, and being around shared surfaces can also increase your risk of getting sick.

Yes, some gram-positive cocci bacteria are contagious, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. These bacteria can be spread through direct contact with an infected person or contaminated surfaces, leading to various infections, including skin infections and respiratory infections. It is important to practice good hygiene to prevent the spread of these bacteria.

The elderly, young children, pregnant women, and individuals with compromised immune systems are at higher risk of complications from influenza. These groups are considered to be the most common victims of the flu.

While weight loss can occur as a result of Lyme disease due to loss of appetite, fatigue, and other symptoms, it is not typically a prominent or defining feature of the illness. Treatment for Lyme disease can also lead to weight gain as the body heals and returns to normal functioning. If you are experiencing unexplained weight loss, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause.

Some common nicknames for rabies include "hydrophobia" and "mad dog disease."

Yes, equine influenza can harm horses by causing respiratory symptoms such as coughing, nasal discharge, and fever. In severe cases, it can lead to pneumonia and other complications. Vaccination and good biosecurity practices are important for preventing and managing equine influenza.

It may mean that the wound is healing properly and your body is simply expelling any fluid that could prevent the wound from getting better. On the other hand, if the wound is draining a large amount of pus, it could mean that the wound itself is becoming infected, in which case, it would be best to see a doctor.

Upper respiratory is in contact with the air we breathe -air is contaminate with microorganisms. Inspite of pathogenic bacteria in the upper respiratory tract, the rate of infection is minimized by microbial antagonism. Which is certain microorganisms of the normal microbiota that suppress the growth of other microorganisms through competition for nutrients and the production of inhibitory substances.

No. There is no real molecular difference between farts and the air you breathe. The reason for the smell is regular air went through your digestive system, including your intestine, and picked up some stomach acid and other fumes along the way. You can't get sick by sitting next to someone who farts, unless you have an extremely weak stomach or a remarkably strong nose.

Because it is an anaerobic bacteria. Although Clostridium perfringes can survive in the presence of oxygen (technically, it is 'aerotolerant'), it really flourishes under conditions of low oxygen pressure.

When the bacterium gets into an ischaemic wound (lack of blood, and therefore low too oxygen), it produces various (at least 12) toxins and tissue-destroying enzymes. The resultant damage has two effects - it allows the organism to establish itself and mulitply, and it disrupts blood supply to the area. This lack of blood obviously lowers the oxygen tension even more (oxygen is carried in the blood), promoting clostridial proliferation and spread even further.

Riding on the crest of an advancing wave of ischaemia and necrosis, the bacterium can thus spread to surrounding tissues. The gas within the tissue, so distinctive in this condition, is formed as a byproduct when the toxins destroy the previously healthy surrounding tissue.

Eating food that contains germs can lead to foodborne illnesses such as food poisoning. Common symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach cramps. In severe cases, it can result in dehydration and require medical attention.

White blood cells are a crucial part of the immune system that defend the body against infection and disease. They help to identify and destroy pathogens like bacteria, viruses, and other harmful organisms. There are several types of white blood cells, each with specific functions in fighting infection and maintaining overall health.

When you have a sharply dented can or metal lid, and you see the BLACK something or other that has affected to inside of the now-sharp metal, seems to be growing on it,
that's when you suspect Botulism.

So I think it's Black. But here: they say in the lab they usually stain it, to see it.

Could the black be rust?

Don't get any donations from Whole Foods either. When I worked there, a worker man was about to put that out for donations after we saw the above conditions. I threw in the trash so hard & made sure it (the jars w/ metal lids) smashed irrecoverably.

When a mommy cell and daddy cell love each other very much they eat each other.

Crohn's Disease isn't considered progressive, only because it isn't predictable or steady. It may get worse for some people, and for others, they go into permenant remission soon after they are diagnosed. Therfore, it really just depends on who you are and how your Crohn's Disease has developed.

A measles outbreak refers to a sudden increase in the number of reported cases of measles within a specific geographic area or population. It is typically defined as the occurrence of more cases than expected based on historical data or epidemiological thresholds. Outbreaks can lead to widespread transmission of the virus and pose a public health threat.

No. A treatment of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and the enzyme, lysozyme, will cause gram negative bacteria to lyse. Some gram positive bacteria can also be lysed by doing this. The EDTA stabilizes the solution and allows lysozyme to cut the bonds between the carbohydrates that make up the cell wall wall in bacteria. This will lyse the cell and cause the contents of the cell to be spilled out. This technique is primarily used for DNA assays. A good way to isolate either gram positive or gram negative is by using different types of agar. The MacConkey agarmight be the most useful for what you want to do. It will only allow gram negative to grow, isolating just the gram negatives only.

vitamin A was thought to improve immune response to vaccine and thus it was given along with vaccine. but reaserch indicates that there was no differnec with vitaminA supplementation and without it.