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Native American Languages

Information and translations for Native American languages. Please note each tribe has its own language, and there is no single "Native American" language.

1,626 Questions

What is the Navajo word for mat?

A mat for sleeping is : yaatł'oh

The tł' sound is very hard for English speakers to pronounce. You need to hear it start saying it. It is a glottalized tł sound. That is a bit like a tl sound but the l is aspirated as in Welsh. Some English speakers hear it as kl but it is different. The double a means it is held longer than a as in father. The final h is pronounced.

The Navajo used woven wool rugs more than mats so there are many more words for those. They didn't have much of a mat weaving culture. Many people still weave wool rugs today however.

What is the Navajo word for Juniper?

Gad is the word for juniper.

juniper wood is dilk'is

juniper berry is gad bididze' or gad bidzidze'

juniper bark used for fiber is: azííh

What is the Navajo word for spirit?

To be spirited in Navajo is: bíínáíí

It is a verb in Navajo so you have to congujated it as to who the actors are 1st, 2nd, 3rd dual and plural, 4th etc. Also there are modes and aspects in Navajo.

The marks above the vowels mean high tone.

ii is said like in "bee"

a is as in father.

What did the kootenai Indians wear?

The men wore buckskin shirts , legging , breech clothes and moccasins . The women wore underclothing , buckskin , dresses and moccasins .They wore legging during the winter months . They also wore beads . Important warriors wore feathers on their head.

What languages are spoken by Seminole Indians?

Almost all of the Seminole people speak English as their first language, but their 2 native languages are:

  1. The Mikasuki language (also Miccosukee, Mikisúkî or Hitchiti-Mikasuki) is a Muskogean language spoken by around 500 people in southern Florida (190 native speakers as of 2018).
  2. The Muscogee language (Mvskoke in Muscogee), also known as Creek, Seminole, Maskókî, or Muskogee, is a Muskogean language spoken by Muscogee (Creek) and Seminole people, primarily in the U.S. states of Oklahoma and Florida, by 5000 people as of 2018.

How did the Spanish treat the Native Americans?

They treated them badly and they forced them to become Roman Catholic.

- They were forced to work in mines, ranches, and farms.

- They had to pay taxes (encomiendas)

- Bartolome Las Casas (a priest) tried to reform the ways of the Spanish conquistadors and the colonists, but he was unsuccessful.

The Spanish ruled the Natives' area and they took the gold and silver from them.... The Spanish also took many Natives as their slaves back with them.

Many tribes were decimated by European diseases such as smallpox. Those that survived were enslaved, forced to convert to Catholicism, taken from their homelands, and trained to be "civilized" Spaniards.

Snow in Native American?

There are more than 700 different Native American languages spoken in North and South America.

If you are not sure which language you are talking about, here is a partial list of the most common Native American languages in North America:



  • Abnaki, Eastern
  • Achumawi
  • Afro-Seminole Creole
  • Ahtena
  • Alabama
  • Aleut
  • Alsea
  • Angloromani
  • Apache, Jicarilla
  • Apache, Kiowa
  • Apache, Lipan
  • Apache, Mescalero-Chiricahua
  • Apache, Western
  • Arapaho
  • Arikara
  • Assiniboine
  • Atakapa
  • Atsugewi
  • Barbare

How do you say butterfly in some Native American languages?

it's kamama in Cherokee

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Butterfly in just a few of the native languages of the North American continent:

Mi'kmaq.......................mimikej

Abenaki.......................mamijôla

Maliseet......................amakehs

Arapaho......................níh'ootéibéíhii

Cheyenne...................hevávâhkema

Blackfoot.....................apo'ni

Naskapi.......................kwaakwaapisiis

Ojibwe........................memegawansi or memengwaanh or waapoone or menengaw

Mohawk......................tsiktsinonnawen

Shahaptin (Yakama)....walakwálak

Navajo.........................k'aalogii

Lakota.........................kimimela or kimimila

Tlingit...........................tlelu

Aztec (Nahuatl)............papalotl

Pima.............................yak'imali

Hopi..............................kalug

What is the oldest Native American language?

Your question supposes that all native languages have always remained the same as they are today or were at first contact with Europeans, which is far from correct. Languages evolve over time and it can be shown that the historic languages of native Americans developed from a much smaller number of prehistoric languages such as proto-Algonquian, proto-Siouan, proto-Athapaskan and so on.

This points to all modern and historic Algonguian languages (for example) such as Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Maliseet, Powhatan, Mahican, Delaware, Ojibwe and Cree evolving from a single parent language used many thousands of years ago, before anyone was around who could witness and record it. The same for all Siouan and Athapaskan languages.

One controversial theory says that all native American languages evolved from a single, even older, parent language used in north-east Asia and attempts have been made to show correlations between many of the different historic language groups. One obvious one is the prefix ni- or n- for "I" or "me" which is found in many parts of the Americas.

Since we are talking about a time before written history when no native Americans were writing anything about their languages - and a time before the historic tribal groups had developed and before their languages as we recognise them had evolved - we can only speculate, guess and theorise about the prehistoric origins of native American languages.

What were the major patterns of Native American Life in North America before Europeans arrived?

Well I'm sure it has been always to stay alive from any kind of danger and protect themselves from the elements and of course to be able to hunt or fish to feed themselves and I'm pretty sure they learn to farm and multiply