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Scientific Method
The scientific method is the basis of scientific investigation. A scientist will pose a question and formulate a hypothesis as a potential explanation or answer to the question. The hypothesis will be tested through a series of experiments. The results of the experiments will either prove or disprove the hypothesis. This category should contain questions and answers regarding the scientific method.
4,392 Questions
What is an operational definition?
It is a statement that describes how to measure a certain variable or how to define a certain term. The operational definition is used extensively for abstract as well as physical concepts.
An "operational definition" is a process by which the characteristics of a concept can be defined, including identification and classification. It consists of the methods or tests that are used in analyzing a given variable or concept, which can be used to confirm the validity of the information obtained.
A simple example that shows the relationship between a conceptual definition and an operational definition : if the concept is "weight", an operational definition could be "the weight of an object as measured on a scale".
An operational definition is a demonstration of a process - such as a variable, term, or object - relative in terms of the specific process or set of validation tests used to determine its presence and quantity. Properties described in this manner must be sufficiently accessible that persons other than the definer can independently measure or test for them at will. An operational definition is generally designed to model a conceptual definition. The most basic operational definition is a process for identification of an object by distinguishing it from its background of empirical experience. The binary version produces either the result that the object exists, or that it doesn't, in the experiential field to which it is applied. The classifier version results in discrimination between what is part of the object and what is not part of it. This is also discussed in terms of semantics, pattern recognition, and operational techniques, such as regression. For example, the weight of an object may be operationally defined in terms of the specific steps of putting an object on a weighing scale. The weight is whatever results from following the measurement procedure, which can in principle be repeated by anyone. It is intentionally not defined in terms of some intrinsic or private essence. The operational definition of weight is just the result of what happens when the defined procedure is followed. In other words, what's being defined is how to measure weight for any arbitrary object, and only incidentally the weight of a given object. Operational definitions are also used to define system states in terms of a specific, publicly accessible process of preparation or validation testing, which is repeatable at will. For example, 100 degrees Celsius may be crudely defined by describing the process of heating water until it is observed to boil. An item like a brick, or even a photograph of a brick, may be defined in terms of how it can be made. Likewise, iron may be defined in terms of the results of testing or measuring it in particular ways. One simple, every day illustration of an operational definition is defining a cake in terms of how it is prepared and baked (i.e., its recipe is an operational definition). Similarly, the saying, if it walks like a duck and quacks like a duck, it must be some kind of duck, may be regarded as involving a sort of measurement process or set of tests (see Duck test).
An operational definition is a definition in which something is defined by that which comprises it. For example, a pie-eating competition is operationally defined as a competition in which one eats pies. (measured in the amount of pies eaten)
What was the effect of improved methods of navigation for portuguese in the 1420?
they envented a navigation tool called the magnetic compass.
What is tallquist method testing for?
It is a method of hemoglobin estimation in blood. The process involves absorbing a drop of
blood on a standard paper and comparing it with a standard specimen.
The substance in a leaf that absorbs sunlight is called?
The substance in a leaf that absorbs sunlight is the chloroplast.Chloroplast is an organelle(a specialised structure within the cell, that performs a specific function) which contains the green pigment called chlorophyll.
Large, broad leaves
What if your demonic guardian's name is not part of the known names?
Wiccans and Witches do not believe in or worship the Devil and they do not work with demons.
In what kind of proof do you assume the opposite of what you want to prove?
This is a "proof by contradiction", where the evidence would fail to support the reverse assumption, giving credence to the original hypothesis.
What kind of questions could not be answered using scientific methods?
Why is the sky blue? Why is grass green? Questions that the world may never know are questions that could not be answered using scientific methods!
Example problems that can be solved by using scientific method?
Sample Running Record
Top
Scoring and Analyzing a Running Record
Scoring: The information gathered while doing a running record is used to determine error, accuracy, and self-correction rates. Directions for calculating these rates are given below. The calculated rates, along with qualitative information and the student's comprehension of the text, are used to determine the student's reading level.
Qualitative Analysis: The qualitative analysis is based on observations that you make during the running record. It involves observing how the student uses the meaning (M), structural (S), and visual (V) cues to help her/him read. It also involves paying attention to fluency, intonation, and phrasing. Think back to the prompts you offered and how the student responded. These observations help you form a picture of the student's reading development.
Error
Accuracy
Self-Correction
The formulas below were used with the sample running record above.
Error Rate
Error rate is expressed as a ratio and is calculated by using the following formula:
Total words / Total errors = Error rate
Example:
99 / 8 = 12.38, or 12 rounded to nearest whole number
The ratio is expressed as 1:12.
This means that for each error made, the student read approximately 12 words correctly.
Accuracy Rate
Accuracy rate is expressed as a percentage. You can calculate the accuracy rate using the following formula:
(Total words read - Total errors) / Total words read x 100 = Accuracy rate
Example:
(99 - 8) / 99 x 100 = Accuracy rate
91/99 x 100 = Accuracy rate
.919 x 100 = 91.9%, or 92% rounded to the nearest whole number
You can use accuracy rate to determine whether the text read is easy enough for independent reading, appropriate to use without frustration during reading instruction purposes instruction, or too difficult for the reader. The breakdown of these three categories is as follows:
Easy enough for independent reading = 95 - 100%
Instructional level for use in guided reading session = 90 - 94%
Too difficult and will frustrate the reader = 89% and below
Self-Correction Rate
Self-correction rate is expressed as a ratio and is calculated by using the following formula:
(Number of errors + Number of self corrections) / Number of self corrections = Self-correction rate
Example:
(8 + 3) / 3 = Self-correction rate
11 / 3 = 3.666, or 4 rounded to the nearest whole number
The self-correction rate is expressed as 1:4. This means that the student corrects approximately 1 out of every 4 errors.
If a student is self-correcting at a rate of 1:4 or less, this indicates that she/he is self-monitoring her/his reading.
What changes in an experiment?
It depends what you mean by that. But in an experiment that is made up of several tests, one factor at a time must be changed in order to rule out each possible factor until only one remains.
Also test conditions may change if performed on a different day. Hope that helps you!!
What types of information can be collected through qualitative observation?
Qualitative observations are the reactions that you see occuring. They mey be melting,bubbles, fizzing,smoke, the colour of the solution,and anything change you see that occurs. Don't talk about anyhting you can not see.
What is a hypothesis for length of string telephone responding variable clairity of sound?
A hypothesis is a prediction or proposed explanation for something. A hypothesis for the length of string telephone with a clarity of sound responding variable can be about the string length affecting the quality of the sound.
it means like when your looking at the project your looking at whats happening every day... =]]
it means by watching something and seeing whats going on around it so that if someone ask you, you can be able tell them what happen...
It means to take notice of things around you. To learn by watching. For example, I observe that you spelled the word 'does' wrong in your question.
What would be a sound hypothesis?
Many people recommend using a simple format.
- If... then...because... &
- include manipulating variable and a controlled variable of some sort Example: IF I put two clover plants into 3" pots and water one with soda and then other with water, THEN the one with soda will not grow taller BECAUSE of the sugar content in the soda.
What is the velocity of hurricanes categories 1-6?
Hurricane categories are determined by a storm's maximum 1-minute sustained wind speed.
Category 1: 75-95 mph
Category 2: 96-110 mph
Category 3: 111-129 mph
Category 4: 130-156 mph
Category 5: 157 mph or greater.
There is no Category 6.
What is the relationship between resistivity and circumference?
The relationship between resistivity and circumference is inverse.
The resistance of a substance decreases as the surface area of that substance increases. The greater circumference presents a greater conduction surface.
Answer
The original answer describes resistance, NOT resistivity. Additionally, it is incorrect because resistance is inversely-proportional to cross-sectional area NOT circumference!
There is NO relationship between resistivity and the circumference of a material. Resisitivity is a constant at any given temperature and is completely unaffected by the dimensions of a material.
