Soviet Union (USSR)

14,000 soviet died , and over 1.3million afgan died and over 5m afgan went to Pakistan which probably died as well, email me grigoriy13@hotmail.com for more info

The Prime minisister of Britain, Neville Chamberlain, was succeeded by Sir Winston Churchill aged 65 in 1940. The President of the Soviet Union was Joseph Stalin, probably the most powerful and murderous dictator in history.

It was a former federation of Communist Republics occupying the northern half of Asia and part of Eastern Europe, capital Moscow. The word Soviet is derived from a Russian word meaning 'council'

they are not people they are things

that happen

Native Americans in 1944, after that india, then mongolia, and last hawaii... hope this answeres all your questins

The Bolsheviks aimed to establish a socialist state in Russia through revolutionary means, advocating for the overthrow of the Provisional Government and the establishment of a dictatorship of the proletariat. Their tactics included leveraging widespread dissatisfaction among workers and soldiers, organizing strikes and protests, and using propaganda to gain popular support. They also focused on seizing key institutions and communication channels during the October Revolution of 1917. Ultimately, their goal was to create a classless society and implement Marxist principles through state control of the economy and social institutions.

the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. But in fact it stood for state capitalism not Communism

Soviet Socialist republics were semi-autonomous entities under the authority of the Communist Party from around 1921 until the break up of the Soviet Union in 1991. "Soviet" means council, in theory consisting of workers. "Socialist" implies that the means of production as well as certain service services are controlled and administered by the state. "Republic" meaning a representative form of government. Russia was the most prominent of all the Soviet Socialist Republics but there were many others. After the dissolution of the USSR many of the former Soviet Republics became independent states, such as Latvia, Estonia, and Kazakhstan.

The Soviet Union losses were high due to several factors:

(a) Germany invaded Russia and had to fight a harsh campaign against determined troops who were not prepared and also against organized partisans.Partisan war resulted in many massacres.Many were murdered because they either collabrated with Germans or helped the resistance.

(b) The Soviet Army was not modernized as much as the German Army during the first year or so. The Russians didn't have enought tanks. Their aircraft were older design. This caused more casualties as the Russians retreated.

(c) German army wasnt much of a modernized system either - most of theyr transport were with the horses , not mechanized.The mark 1 and 2 tanks made up 50% of the German tanks didnt have even turrets.The operation Barbarossa almost failed in 1941 summer.What i mean is Germany wasnt able to push deep enough into russia to fast enough to break it down.And that means the war could last one resulting in more and more people being killed.

(d) The Soviet military leaders were not prepared and trained for the battle they had to face with the experienced German commandersThe soviets also used human wave tactics and executed many of theyr own soldiers.Some sources say they killed up to 1 million of theyr own troops.

(e) The Soviet Army, the commanders and all the way up to Stalin, had to sacrifice their soldiers in order to stop the Germans. When the Russians began to push the Germans back, they still ordered their soldiers into suicidal attacks in order to take ground. The Russians knew the German Army was limited in their resources and manpower and could win the war through attrition.

(f) There were several prolonged battles at major cities that cost many lives. The seige of Lenningrad lasted 1000 days. These long battles resembled the WW1 trench warfare that was so costly.Battle of Stalingrad however was the bloodiest battle of all the time resulting 1.4-1.5 million deaths.

(g) Soviet forces had an NKVD units behind them that that shot theyr own troops for retreating.Many Russians were arrested and shot by theyr own commanders.

(h) In first years the soviet forces were not allowed to retreat causing many of the Russian forces being surrounded and destroyed in the battle.

(i) Germans were using scourged earth tactics and burned down many villages , the winter took many lives because theyr homes were destroyed and even theyr clothing and food was taken.In addition to that the Stalin ordered its forces to destroy any village near enough to German lines to be wiped out so Germans cant house themselves in there in the winter.This resulted in serveal hundred thousand civilian deaths.

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was formally established December 30, 1924 when the new government adopted a federal treaty and constitution. The government survived until December 31, 1991.

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it contributed to instability to the soviet union making high infilation rates.

The year generally given for the foundation of the Soviet Union is 1922.

The Soviet Union was founded on December 29-30, 1922 when the Treaty of the Soviet Union was entered into by Russia, Ukraine, Belorussia and the Transcaucasus Federation (Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan).

When Leon Trotsky and Vladamir Lenin returned from exile in 1917, they set out to overthrow Russia's Provisional government. This was accomplished with death and violence. In addition to Trotsky's brilliant skills as a Bolshevik propagandist he was also a great organizer. He used this skill to organize the Bolshevik's army. Trotsky was the War Minister and head of the Red Army.

The Bolshevik revolution faced opposition and Trotsky's Red Army had to defeat the Russian nobles' White army. Also, another foe to the Bolsheviks were troops organized outside of Russia. This included the opposition forces from the WW 1 Allies who felt betrayed when Lenin ended Russia's role in the World War. Troops from Poland also invaded Russia.

From 1917 to 1920 Trotsky's Red Army defeated all of the foes of the Bolsheviks. Credit for this was given to Trotsky's leadership and skills in defeating counter revolutionary forces.

Rebuild its war-ravaged economy using Eastern Europe's industrial equipment and raw materials

Russia did not really have a government system when it pulled out of WW1 because of the Bolshevik Revolution. But before the war the had a Tsar in charge and afterwards chaos to say the least.

The Soviet Union, officially founded in the 1920s when Joseph Stalin became General Secretary of the Communist Party, underwent two decades of economic disaster, war, and then rise to a superpower status. Before the Soviet Union there was Bolshevik or Soviet Russia which had emerged as communist as a result of the takeover of Russia during WWI by the communist Bolsheviks from the Provisional Kerensky Government in 1917 along with civil war. The Civil War pitted the non-communist, pro-Czarist whites against those of Lenin and Trotsky. Because of Trotsky's buildup of the Red Army, the whites were all but destroyed, either fleeing or being ruthlessly executed. Around the same time the civil war was dying down, Soviet Russia was threatened by the newly independent country of Poland to the West, having before the war belonged to the Austria-Hungarian, German, and Russian Empires. After the German surrender in World War I, Poland was granted independence. The Soviet-Polish War in the late 1910s culminated in a stalemate between the Bolsheviks and the Poles, although both sides claim victory. A result of the war forced Bolshevik Russia to acknowledge the newly-founded country of Poland. The USSR was founded in the 1920s, around the same time Mussolini became "virtual" fascist dictator of Italy. The USSR posed a threat to the Eastern, new states of Central Europe. Fearing communist power, some states, such as Austria, adopted dictatorial-presidential regimes having lacked experience in democracy. In the early Soviet Union, Lenin, who was aging at the time, called for the enactment of the New Economic Policy (NEP) which called for a short period of capitalism and private property before it plunged into a long era of communism. The New Economic Policy was supposed to inspire short-termed prosperity in the Soviet Union so as to not bring it wholly unprepared into an era of ultimate Marxist-Leninism. After the New Economic Policy, Vladimir Lenin died in the mid-1920s. Lenin initially wanted Trotsky to become his successor, rather than Stalin. However, Stalin's management of the Communist Party managed to exalt him to power in the Soviet Union along with working with other members of the Communist Party. Trotsky was soon looked at as being too "bourgeois" and the complete contrast of a "proletariat," having originated from a wealthy Jewish family. Stalin was looked at as a low-class peasant whose father and mother were both formely serfs. (Serfdom was present in Russia until the 1860s when Czar Alexander II abolished it.) It was decided that Stalin would make a better and more efficient leader than Trotsky. Stalin's USSR followed the New Economic Policy. Stalin initiated fear into the hearts of nearly every soul in the Soviet Union. His secret police force, the NKVD, would make sure to erase any "troublemaker" in Stalin's USSR. Freedom of speech was virtually eradicated as Stalin claimed it was impractical to the common good. In fact, nearly every human right was eradicated in the USSR. The USSR was the first country in the world at the time to legalize abortion and was the first country in the world to adopt the teachings of Marx. The USSR saw the death of tens of millions of people, all of who were land-owning peasants (kulaks), undesirables, Ukrainians, and people sent to labor camps. Stalin enacted the Five Years Plan in the 1930s in order to boost Soviet production in food. The Five Years Plan called for the deaths of millions of Ukrainians and kulaks. The kulaks, or land-owning peasants, were targeted by Stalin as anti-communist and against the terms of the Five Years Plan. He had millions of them annilihated. During the Five Years Plan, people were forced to work on collective farms for the state so as to harvest food for the state itself. The policy of the Five Years Plan was collectivization, or the harvesting of resources for the state. The Ukrainians, as a result of the Five Years Plan and heavy collectivization, plunged itself into an era of famine which Stalin or the Soviet Union could not help. Nearly 20 million Ukrainians perished from the famine. To the West of the Soviet Union, were the fascist states of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. Stalin, like other leaders of Europe at the time, feared Hitler and his Germany and would engage in acts of appeasement in order to satisfy Hitler's demands. Hitler despised the communists to a lesser or similar degree of his hatred for Jews. (Karl Marx, the founder of modern communism in the 19th Century, was originally a Jew himself.) In 1936, the Spanish Army rebelled against the Spanish Republic in Northern Africa. The Spanish Army, led by the fascist general Franco, was transported to the Spanish mainland from German planes. For three years straight, Spain engaged in a civil war that pitted the nationalist Spainards against those of the Popular Front Republic. The French and British decided to not intervene in the Spanish Civil War but the Soviet Union did by sending supplies and weapons to the Popular Front Republic. However, the Nationalists under Franco possessed more weapons and support from the fascist regimes of Hitler and Mussolini and so managed to topple the Popular Front Republic, replacing it with a fascist-like government. (Despite receiving aid from Hitler during the Spanish Civil War, Franco decided it was best if his war-torn country not get involved in World War II.) In 1939, Hitler dominated all of Germany, Czechslovakia, and Austria and was ready to invade Poland. However, invading Poland would trigger a possible war with the Soviets, which Hitler felt was unnecessary at the time. So, Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed the Molotov-Ribbentrop Non-Aggression Pact, which basically partioned Poland into a western, German side and an eastern, Soviet side. On September 1, 1939, the Nazi Gestapo, or secret police, claimed that Polish soldiers had attacked Germany and so, in defense, Germany attacked Poland. Soviet soldiers entered Eastern Poland several days later. Great Britain and France both declared war on Germany in Poland's defense but were unable to do anything to stop the tide from turning against Poland. Poland was all but defeated as a country by the Germans and Soviets by the end of September. The period following the annexation of Poland in accordance with the Nazi-Soviet Non Aggression Pact was known as Sitzkrieg, or "Phony War," since no major German or Allied confrontations occurred for the rest of 1939 in Western Europe. In order to mobilize his country even more, Stalin ordered the Baltic states of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia to put down their arms and provide the Soviets with military bases in their countries. However, when Stalin tried to do the same with Finland, the Finns resisted in a short, but costly conflict known as the "Winter War." Finnish soldiers rode on skies armed with submachine guns while the Soviets were slower. The guerrilla-inspired attacks from the Winter War inspired Soviet citizens to do the same to the invading Germans. Finland was defeated although it had put up a tough fight against the Soviets. In 1940, Hitler's Germany had mobilized efficiently enough to attack the Allies. Starting in 1940, Hitler's armies made their way first through Norway, Scandinavia (except Sweden which was neutral), the Benelux Countries (the Netherlands and Belgium), and France. The British and French had expected the war with the Germans to be another "Great War" or World War I in which millions of soldiers fought in a trench stalemate. However, this wasn't so. In order to combat the possibilities of a trench stalemate, the German military engineered the plan of Blitzkrieg, or "Lightning War," in which tanks and planes were used simulataneously to inflict maximum damage on the enemy. This plan managed to work as Norway and the Benelux Countries were all but defeated and annexed by the Third German Reich. France finally collapsed to the German onslaught when Paris was captured. In Britain, which was perhaps the only Allied country left to withstand the Germans, Prime Minister Chamberlain, who was the key figure in the appeasement movement, was replaced by the firebrand and patriot Winston Churchill who decided that Britain was the only country left to stand and face totalitarianism. The United States, at the time, was neutral, deep within an isolationalist stance at the time. Its president, however, was Franklin D. Roosevelt, a man of hope and inspiration that led America through the Great Depression through his left-wing "New Deal" movement. However, the time of the Great Depression was up and replaced with an era of war. FDR secretly wanted to get his country involved in the war but the American public's response to the German annexations were mostly uncaring and unconcerning. When the United States entered WWI in 1917, the nation that perhaps many European countries thought lacked the military to defeat the Germans let alone any other Central Power (Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire). However, the nation gradually mobilized in the name of war and defense, manufacturing millions of guns and putting millions of men in uniform. Soon, millions of Americans were serving on the trenches on the Western Front by 1918. It was the American isolationists that decided that after the war, the United States would return to the pre-WWI status quo. An isolationalist president, Warren G. Harding, spearheaded the movement of isolationism for his successors, namely Calvin Coolidge who replaced him after his death in office along with the philanthropist Herbert Hoover. Beginning in the end of 1940, Hitler hoped to invade Britain and annex it for the Greater German Reich in a military operation referred to as "Operation Sealion." However, it would be very costly to launch a campaign into a country of firebrands and patriots that had not been invaded since 1066 when the Normans invaded it. They decided to bomb out Britain through their German Air Force, or Luftwaffe, of which was at the forefront of the world's airforces at the time. The British responded to a nation-wide air battle across Britain known as the Battle of Britain. The German Air Force was soon defeated and from then on, it began to deterioate to nothingness. The Soviets, in the East, had not mobilized effectively enough to withstand a spontaneous German attack. Stalin knew it was a matter of time until the Soviets and Germans themselves were fighting since the communists and fascists despised each other. But his country did not mobilize in the time of Germany's war with the Allies. Rather, it was attacked by Hitler after he was humiliated by the Battle of Britain. The German military launched Operation Barbarossa against the Soviets, which was the largest and most massive land invasion to date. When German forces entered countries oppressed by Soviet authority, they were greeted as liberators but these "liberators" soon began killing off their Jewish, homosexual, handicapped, and undesirable populations. When Yugoslavia was invaded by the Germans, the communist leader Tito led communist guerillas against the Germans. The same was in other countries of Slavic origin, since the Germans considered the Slavs inferior and unhuman. The Soviets were being pushed back and defeated; Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Empire itself, was being fought over itself. The Soviets managed to make a gradual turning point at the Battle of Stalingrad (present day Volgograd) in 1943 when the presumably best German Army surrendered to the Soviets. The tide was turned against the Germans again when the German Afrikakorps under General Erwin Rommel were defeated and Sicily was occupied. In 1944, thousands of Allied soldiers stormed the beaches of Normandy, France in order to liberate that country that had been oppressed by German occupation for four years. In the East, the Soviets soon ousted the Germans from their soil and started heading for Poland and Central Europe. Soon, Austria, Yugoslavia, and other nations were soon liberated by the Reds. Seeing how the Soviets were approaching Warsaw, the Polish Home Guard iniated a short period of resistance and rebellion against the occupying Germans in Warsaw. However, Stalin did not see a future Poland in which the Home Guard was to be present in. So, he ordered troops to stay outside of the city until the rebellion was suppressed, which it was brutally. Then the Soviets occupied Warsaw and took Poland. The Americans and British were approaching Berlin as well as were the Sovies. However, the Soviets were permitted to take the city and its casualities, which mounted to about hundreds of thousands. The Fuhrer himself, Adolf Hitler, committed suicide while the Soviets were in his city. In April 1945, the last Nazi government officials surrendered, ending six years of bloody and gory conflict. While much of the West refers to World War II as the Second World War, present-day Russia and the Soviet Union refer and referred to it as the Great Patriot War (1941-1945) which began when the Germans invaded the Soviet Union.

About 300.000 russian Soldiers were killed on the Berliner territory. The defending of the whole campaign costed the red army about 1.000.000 lives.

My History Teacher told me that.

Soviet cruiser Komintern was created in 1923.

Most of the USSR's space endeavours were launched from Baikonur in central Kazkahstan.

According to the Wikipedia article on War Crimes in World War, between 3.3 million and 3.5 million Soviet prisoners of war were killed by the Nazis. (See link). In Europe, it was the biggest single group murdered after the Jews. Because of the Cold War and anti-Communism this is seldom mentioned in the West.

How do you expect us to know?!?!

For the question: In order to modernize agriculture in the Soviet Union, Josef Stalin? the answer is D...combined small family farms into collective farms run by the state. 100% sure! For the question: In order to modernize agriculture in the Soviet Union, Josef Stalin? the answer is D...combined small family farms into collective farms run by the state. 100% sure!