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Archaeology

For questions on the theory, method, and practice of studying past cultures and peoples.

1,920 Questions

How do archaeologists know that something is a tool?

Archaeologists can identify tools based on their shape, wear patterns, material composition, context of discovery, and comparison with known tool types. Tools typically exhibit signs of wear and modification that suggest they were used for a specific purpose, such as cutting or scraping. Analysis of tool residues and organic materials can also provide clues about their function.

Who make up the treatment team for neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

The treatment team for neuroleptic malignant syndrome typically includes physicians, such as psychiatrists and intensivists, critical care nurses, pharmacists, and physical therapists. In some cases, consultants like neurologists and endocrinologists may also be involved in the care team. Close monitoring and communication among team members are essential for managing this serious condition effectively.

What is susceptibility artifact?

Susceptibility artifact refers to image distortion in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) caused by variations in magnetic susceptibility between different tissues. This results in signal loss, distortion, and dark regions in the image, particularly in areas near air-tissue interfaces or metallic objects, making it difficult to interpret the affected images accurately. Special imaging techniques, such as susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), can be used to minimize or exploit these artifacts for diagnostic purposes.

What date is the new ssf2 demo v0.8 going to come out?

1 January 2012 or July 31 holidays and azrael and all the other charaters and stages will be there

september.

What was used before the steel plow?

Before the steel plow, farmers used wooden plows or tools made of iron. These plows were heavier and less effective at breaking up tough soil compared to the steel plow invented by John Deere in the 19th century.

How do you distinguish domesticated goats from wild goats in the archaeological record?

Zeder and Hesse (2000:2254) identified a distinct profile of young male goat slaughter and prolonged female survivorship (or delayed slaughter of females) in herds in the upland areas of Northern Iraq and North Western Iran through the analysis of goat remains. Basically this would entail studying the closure of the epiphiseal zone of the femur. After puberty this growth zone solidifies (the bone is more dense) - and the animal no longer grows in height. Animal production involves the practise of keeping females for breeding and slaughtering males at a younger age for meat. This is in contrast to the remains of hunted populations which clearly show a focus on fully adult males with females and young taken only occasionally.

Do teeth burn up in a fire?

Yes, teeth can withstand high temperatures, but they may not burn up completely in a fire. The enamel on teeth is highly resistant to heat and can survive intense flames, but other components of the teeth may be damaged or destroyed.

Can archaeologist estimate the age of a any ancient artifact with carbon dating?

Carbon dating can be used by archaeologists to estimate the age of artifacts that contain organic material. By measuring the decay of radioactive carbon isotopes in the artifact, scientists can calculate its age within a certain range. However, carbon dating is not always accurate for very old artifacts, and other dating methods may be used in conjunction with carbon dating for more precise results.

Can a artifact be found in a tomb?

Yes, artifacts can be found in tombs. Tombs often contain various objects and items that were buried with the deceased, such as jewelry, pottery, weapons, or other belongings. These artifacts provide valuable insights into the culture, beliefs, and practices of the people who were buried in the tomb.

Why are there no remains of villages from the earliest hominids such as Java Man Neanderthals and Cro-Magnons?

Because these were stone age hunter/gatherers who lived in caves and rock shelters. They didn't have villages.

Addendum:

Consider for a moment that each of the early hominids named lived very long ago.

  • Java Man - 1.8 million years ago
  • Cro-Magnon - 35,000 years ago
  • Neanderthals - 30,000 to 50,000 years ago

That being established consider also that with the level of technology modern man has achieved, and the level of development of our cities and culture today, that if every human being on this planet were to suddenly drop dead today, that roughly 1,000 years from that moment there would be almost no visible evidence on the surface of the planet to indicate we were ever here.

That being said, consider that there are currently about 7 billion people on the planet currently, and that early hominid populations probably did not exceed a couple hundred thousand at best. If the natural healing processes of planet Earth could effectively hide the evidence that many who left behind absolutely massive glass, plastic, metal, and concrete cities in a mere thousand years, it is absolutely amazing that we have found as much as has been found of our predecessors.

Who started boudiccas rebellion?

Boudicca, a queen of the Iceni tribe in ancient Britain, led the rebellion against Roman occupation in AD 60-61. She rallied other tribes to fight against the Romans, who had mistreated her and her people. The rebellion was sparked by the Romans' mistreatment of the Iceni following the death of Boudicca's husband, King Prasutagus.

How much does a sad clown with bow tie cost?

The cost of a sad clown with a bow tie can vary depending on where you purchase it from, the quality of the costume, and any additional accessories. It is advisable to check with costume or party supply stores for pricing information.

What is a flint tool?

Flint is a brittle stone that foms very sharp edges when fractured. A skilled toolmaker can chip away at a flint stone to form a variey of tools and edged weapons including knives and arrowheads.

What is the difference between a fossil and an imprint?

A fossil is the preserved remains or traces of a once-living organism, while an imprint is a mark or indentation left behind by an organism on a surface. Fossils can include imprints, but not all imprints are considered fossils. Fossils provide more detailed information about the organism's structure and biology, while imprints are more surface-level.

What is an artifact in an EEG?

In an EEG, an artifact refers to any abnormal signal that is not produced by brain activity, such as muscle movements, eye blinks, or external interference in the recording. Artifacts can affect the accuracy of the EEG readings and may need to be identified and removed during data analysis.

What are two ways archeologist can tell how old an artifact is?

Two basic ways are stratigraphy/provenance, and association with known artifact types (example - Clovis style points are fairly well known and described. If you find a Clovis point, you have a decent idea as to what the age range is).

Should you take triple science at GCSE to become an archaeologist?

I am in your situation right now and I have decided to take triple science in Year 9 but then drop Physics in Year 10, thus keeping Chemistry and Biology. This is what my science teacher recommended me to do because at our school we only have 3 options so obviously science is taking up one and then history and geography the others. Geography and History are needed more if you want to become an archaeologist

Hopes this helped!

What are people who study hominids called?

People who study hominids are called paleoanthropologists. They specialize in the study of human evolution and the fossil record of early human ancestors.

How can you preserve public property of India?

Indian Constitution provides enough law to protect and to preserve the public property of India.

A need is there to emphasize the importance and value of Public Properties.

We shd stop depending on the government and shd take some individual steps as well.

What are the three methods of archaeology?

Archaeology, the study of human history through the excavation and analysis of artifacts and structures, utilizes various dating techniques to determine the age of archaeological finds. Some of the different types of dating techniques in archaeology include:

  1. Relative dating: This technique involves determining the relative age of artifacts or archaeological sites in comparison to one another without assigning specific chronological dates. Relative dating techniques include stratigraphy, which involves studying the layers of soil or rock to determine the sequence of deposition and the relative age of artifacts within those layers, and seriation, which involves arranging artifacts based on changes in style or design over time.

  2. Absolute dating: This technique provides a specific chronological age for artifacts or archaeological sites. Absolute dating techniques include:

  • Radiocarbon dating (also known as Carbon-14 dating): This method is used to determine the age of organic materials, such as wood, charcoal, and bone, up to approximately 50,000 years old. It is based on the decay of the radioactive isotope Carbon-14, which is absorbed by living organisms during their lifetime and decays at a known rate after death.

  • Dendrochronology (tree-ring dating): This method uses the growth rings of trees to establish a sequence of years, which can then be correlated with archaeological samples to determine their age. This method is particularly useful for dating wooden artifacts or structures.

  • Thermoluminescence dating: This method is used to date materials that were heated in the past, such as ceramics and burnt stones. It relies on the fact that certain minerals accumulate energy over time through exposure to natural radiation, and when heated, they release this stored energy in the form of light, which can be measured to determine the time since the material was last heated.

  • Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating: This method is similar to thermoluminescence dating, but it measures the accumulated energy in sediments rather than heated materials. It is used to date sediments, such as those found in caves or buried archaeological sites.

  • Potassium-Argon dating: This method is used to date volcanic rocks and minerals that contain potassium, which decays to argon at a known rate. It is commonly used to date hominid fossils and early human artifacts.

These are some of the main dating techniques used in archaeology to determine the age of archaeological finds. Archaeologists often use a combination of relative and absolute dating techniques to establish a more comprehensive understanding of the chronological context of archaeological materials and sites.

Who studies human artifacts?

Anthropologists, archaeologists, and historians study human artifacts to understand past cultures, societies, and behaviors. They analyze artifacts like tools, art, and architecture to learn about how people lived, worked, and interacted in different time periods and regions.

What was the impact of Neolithic pottery and the invention of the potters wheel on human history?

This site explains the changes and effects, such as women being the primary pottery makers to the men, here's an excerpt and the site to enlighten all on this subject: Eventually a small turntable or "tournette" was developed. With this a pot could be turned around much more easily and quickly. The pot making technique in Mesopotamia now gradually gradually changed during the third millennium BC as the more potters adopted the turntable for making and decorating. However, it took a long time for free running steady turntables to be developed, therefore "throwing", as we understand the technique today, did not develop for a long time to come. It would be more accurate to describe this turntable making process as "fast coiling". * http://ceramicstoday.com/articles/potters_wheel.htmAnother excellent site for information: * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potsherds#Pottery_and_archaeology

What habitats is malachite found in?

Malachite is typically found in locations where copper deposits are present, such as in copper ores or near copper mines. It is commonly associated with regions that have undergone hydrothermal alteration, where copper minerals are formed in the presence of water and heat. Malachite can also be found in sedimentary rocks and limestone habitats where copper-rich solutions have percolated through the ground.

You do what you believe and believe in what you do?

I am an eclectic Wiccan, which means I follow Wicca yet I do not adhere to every principle or idea strictly; I follow what I believe in and only what I believe in. This means I practice and believe in things related to many other cultures and religions, but mostly incorporate the practices of Wicca.

I believe in the duality of God as male and female.

I believe God manifests in nature and created all nature - meaning that God is within every living thing.

That is the core of my beliefs.

As for what I do, I celebrate eight Sabbats a year, which celebrate the changing of the seasons because they show Gods behaviour on earth and provide us with food and warmth ect.

I also practice witchcraft which involves appealing to Gods will to provide healing for another person, amongst other kind things.

And I pray and meditate with the divine, like any other faith.

What is the problem with the artifact approach?

One problem with the artifact approach is that it may prioritize physical objects over the social and cultural context in which they exist, potentially oversimplifying complex historical narratives. It can also overlook the perspectives and experiences of marginalized groups whose artifacts may not have been preserved or valued in the same way.