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Ancient Greece
The ancient greek civilization starts around 3200 BC with the Cycladic civilization [followed by the Minoan (2700 BC) and the Mycenean civilization (1600 BC)] and flourished from the 7th century BC to the 2nd century AD, especially in the 5th century BC with the city-states of Athens and Sparta.
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Greek art, architecture, and drama reflected Greek culture through their emphasis on balance, harmony, and idealized forms, mirroring the Greek belief in the importance of reason and moderation. At the same time, these artistic expressions transcended Greek culture by exploring universal themes such as love, power, and the human experience, making them relatable to people across different cultures and time periods. Through their enduring influence and timeless appeal, Greek art, architecture, and drama continue to resonate with audiences worldwide, showcasing the universality of their themes and ideas.
What became of the aristocrats when kings no longer ruled greek city-states?
Well, depending on the individual city states, a couple different things could have happened. In some city states, the aristocrats themselves took power, and formed oligarchies, which are forms of government in which small groups of upperclassmen control the city state. Sometimes a tyrant would take over after a king, and the aristocrats would either stay aristocrats and advisors to the king, or be pushed down to lower class citizens as time went on to be replaced by other advisors the tyrant favored better. In Athens, the aristocrats would remain wealthy citizens when the democracy began (as a rule), but they would no longer rely solely on politics to provide for them.
C. Rajagopalachari
By Manjunath More Kolhapur
As a slave Aesop wasn't entitled to a last name. They weren't all that common at the day and age anyways.
What does the ancient Greek word monarchy mean?
The ancient Greek word "monarchia" (μοναρχία) means "rule by one" or "single rule". It is derived from two Greek words:
"monos" (μόνος), meaning "alone" or "single"
"arkhos" (αρχός), meaning "ruler" or "authority"
Which two group are at war in the lliad?
The story of the Iliad is as follows:
Nine years after the start of the Trojan War, the Greek ("Achaean") army sacks Chryse, a town allied with Troy. During the battle, the Achaeans capture a pair of beautiful maidens, Chryseis and Briseis. Agamemnon, the leader of the Achaean forces, takes Chryseis as his prize, and Achilles, the Achaeans' greatest warrior, claims Briseis. Chryseis's father, Chryses, who serves as a priest of the god Apollo, offers an enormous ransom in return for his daughter, but Agamemnon refuses to give Chryseis back. Chryses then prays to Apollo, who sends a plague upon the Achaean camp.
After many Achaeans die, Agamemnon consults the prophet Calchas to determine the cause of the plague. When he learns that Chryseis is the cause, he reluctantly gives her up but then demands Briseis from Achilles as compensation. Furious at this insult, Achilles returns to his tent in the army camp and refuses to fight in the war any longer. He vengefully yearns to see the Achaeans destroyed and asks his mother, the sea-nymph Thetis, to enlist the services of Zeus, king of the gods, toward this end. The Trojan and Achaean sides have declared a cease-fire with each other, but now the Trojans breach the treaty and Zeus comes to their aid.
With Zeus supporting the Trojans and Achilles refusing to fight, the Achaeans suffer great losses. Several days of fierce conflict ensue, including duels between Paris and Menelaus and between Hector and Ajax. The Achaeans make no progress; even the heroism of the great Achaean warrior Diomedes proves fruitless. The Trojans push the Achaeans back, forcing them to take refuge behind the ramparts that protect their ships. The Achaeans begin to nurture some hope for the future when a nighttime reconnaissance mission by Diomedes and Odysseus yields information about the Trojans' plans, but the next day brings disaster. Several Achaean commanders become wounded, and the Trojans break through the Achaean ramparts. They advance all the way up to the boundary of the Achaean camp and set fire to one of the ships. Defeat seems imminent, because without the ships, the army will be stranded at Troy and almost certainly destroyed.
Concerned for his comrades but still too proud to help them himself, Achilles agrees to a plan proposed by Nestor that will allow his beloved friend Patroclus to take his place in battle, wearing his armor. Patroclus is a fine warrior, and his presence on the battlefield helps the Achaeans push the Trojans away from the ships and back to the city walls. But the counterattack soon falters. Apollo knocks Patroclus's armor to the ground, and Hector slays him. Fighting then breaks out as both sides try to lay claim to the body and armor. Hector ends up with the armor, but the Achaeans, thanks to a courageous effort by Menelaus and others, manage to bring the body back to their camp. When Achilles discovers that Hector has killed Patroclus, he fills with such grief and rage that he agrees to reconcile with Agamemnon and rejoin the battle. Thetis goes to Mount Olympus and persuades the god Hephaestus to forge Achilles a new suit of armor, which she presents to him the next morning. Achilles then rides out to battle at the head of the Achaean army.
Meanwhile, Hector, not expecting Achilles to rejoin the battle, has ordered his men to camp outside the walls of Troy. But when the Trojan army glimpses Achilles, it flees in terror back behind the city walls. Achilles cuts down every Trojan he sees. Strengthened by his rage, he even fights the god of the river Xanthus, who is angered that Achilles has caused so many corpses to fall into his streams. Finally, Achilles confronts Hector outside the walls of Troy. Ashamed at the poor advice that he gave his comrades, Hector refuses to flee inside the city with them. Achilles chases him around the city's periphery three times, but the goddess Athena finally tricks Hector into turning around and fighting Achilles. In a dramatic duel, Achilles kills Hector. He then lashes the body to the back of his chariot and drags it across the battlefield to the Achaean camp. Upon Achilles' arrival, the triumphant Achaeans celebrate Patroclus's funeral with a long series of athletic games in his honor. Each day for the next nine days, Achilles drags Hector's body in circles around Patroclus's funeral bier.
At last, the gods agree that Hector deserves a proper burial. Zeus sends the god Hermes to escort King Priam, Hector's father and the ruler of Troy, into the Achaean camp. Priam tearfully pleads with Achilles to take pity on a father bereft of his son and return Hector's body. He invokes the memory of Achilles' own father, Peleus. Deeply moved, Achilles finally relents and returns Hector's corpse to the Trojans. Both sides agree to a temporary truce, and Hector receives a hero's funeral.
What did the Ancient Greeks think of photosynthesis?
The Ancient Greeks did not have a formal understanding of photosynthesis as a biological process. However, they did have some knowledge about plants and their relationship with the sun and soil, as evidenced in their agricultural practices and philosophical discussions about the natural world.
When did Cleopatra the 7 get married to her first husband?
Cleopatra married her first husband, her brother, in 47 BC at the urging of Julius Caesar.
Cleopatra married her first husband, her brother, in 47 BC at the urging of Julius Caesar.
Cleopatra married her first husband, her brother, in 47 BC at the urging of Julius Caesar.
Cleopatra married her first husband, her brother, in 47 BC at the urging of Julius Caesar.
Cleopatra married her first husband, her brother, in 47 BC at the urging of Julius Caesar.
Cleopatra married her first husband, her brother, in 47 BC at the urging of Julius Caesar.
Cleopatra married her first husband, her brother, in 47 BC at the urging of Julius Caesar.
Cleopatra married her first husband, her brother, in 47 BC at the urging of Julius Caesar.
Cleopatra married her first husband, her brother, in 47 BC at the urging of Julius Caesar.
Does Ares the Greek god have a constellation?
No he does not, he has a planet. The gods were not represented in the heavens; that was an honor reserved for mortals. Instead, they had planets sacred to them. In this care, Mars was sacred to Ares.
A physical description of the Greek god Ares?
There aren't many physical descriptions of the gods in classical literature, and what is offered is brief... Quintus Smyrnaeus in 'Fall of Troy' wrote:
"Ares, to gory strife he speedeth, wroth with foes, when maddeneth his heart, and grim his frown is, and his eyes flash levin-flame around him, and his face is clothed with glory of beauty terror-bent, as on he rusheth: quail the very gods."
Why was phillip the ii called Augustus?
Augustus is a Roman title takeb by Octavian Caesar three hundred years after Phillip II of Macedonia who was king of Macedonia.
So the short answer is 'he wasn't'.
What continents did the ancient Greeks inhabit?
The ancient Greeks inhabited the continent of Europe, specifically the regions of Greece and surrounding areas such as modern-day Turkey and Italy. They also established colonies in Africa, Asia, and other parts of Europe.
In Greek mythology, Ares, the god of war, is often depicted as having two pets: a pair of fierce and immortal war horses named Deimos and Phobos. These horses were said to pull Ares's chariot into battle.
What is current day Macedonia?
North Macedonia is a country located in Southeast Europe, bordered by Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia, Kosovo, and Albania. Its capital and largest city is Skopje. North Macedonia declared independence from Yugoslavia in 1991 and its official language is Macedonian.
Who the ancient Greek astronomer and mathematician?
Hipparchus, also spelled Hipparchos (b. , Nicaea, Bithynia [now Iznik, Turkey]-d. after 127 bc , Rhodes?), Greek astronomer and mathematician who made fundamental contributions to the advancement of astronomy as a mathematical science and to the foundations of trigonometry.
Cladius Ptolemy
Greek astronomer and mathematician
Modeled the movements of the Sun, the Moon, and the five known planets (Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn) in the skies to great accuracy, with a geocentric system of orbits and epicycles.
Born: 85 in Egypt
Died: 165 in Alexandria, Egypt
How did the ancient Greek affect astronomy today?
For the most part, astronomy played little part in the daily lives of the ancient Greeks. Of course, those people would not have thought of themselves as "Greek", because there was no nation called "Greece". "Hellas" was just a geographic description, and the people were Athenians, or Spartans, or Corinthians or Ionians, or Lacedaemonians or Peloponnesians as subjects of one or another of the quasi-independent and often warring city-states.
Of course, the average person knew little of this either, being focused on his farm, or his sheep, or his fishing nets. In our modern society, all of our food is grown or raised by about 15% of the population, making it possible for the other 85% of the population to make things, or transact business, or write, or play games. Back then, 99% of the people were involved in basic agriculture and procurement of food, and only the kings and generals and their families were able to eat without worrying about where the food came from.
But except for the navigators of the fishing vessels, astronomy was a very tiny part of their lives, and limited to elaborating and retelling the mythical tales of the heroes and monsters who were arrayed in the skies above them. Those heroes and monsters are still known to us today, as the constellations in the night sky.
How did the environment of Greece influence the way the Ancient Greeks lived?
In ancient times, the vast majority of the mainland Greeks lived in narrow valleys, isolated from each other by high mountain ranges (this was, however, not always the case: Sparta for example sat in a broad valley). This isolation promoted fierce independence and patriotism in the citizens of the Greek poleis or city-states. This independence, in turn, was the cause of many bloody and unnecessary battles, e.g. the Peloponnesian War, which marked the end of Greece's golden age.
Also, Greece's particular geographical configuration made travel by sea far more practical to the Greeks than travel by land.
However, other factors contributed to this as well:
- the Aegean Sea was a calm, sail-friendly sea dotted with small islands,
making navigation easy;
- no Greek lived more than forty miles from the sea.
Thirdly, the fact that Greece's narrow valleys and poor agricultural possibilities could not sustain a large population led to the two great colonisation movements of the eighth and sixth centuries BC, spreading Greek civilization and economic influence all over the coasts of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
What territory did Ptolemy get after the death of Alexander the Great?
After the death of Alexander the Great, Ptolemy gained control of Egypt and established the Ptolemaic Kingdom. He founded a dynasty that ruled Egypt for nearly three centuries, until it fell to the Romans in 30 BC.
Ephesus was an ancient Greek city, located near the present-day town of Selçuk in Turkey. It was one of the largest cities in the Roman Empire and an important cultural and commercial center. Today, Ephesus is a popular archaeological site visited by tourists from around the world.
How does todays classification of elements compare o that of the ancient Greeks?
Classification of elements by the ancient Greeks: "Seek Knowledge"
"alkhimiaa" of the ancient the Greeks and the Serenades has been of no value and there is no similarity between it and modern chemistry or even scientific thinking whatsoever. The Greeks and Serenades at that time depended on assumptions and analytical thinking. They used emotional views to justify phenomena and miracles, and to explain them. This method is also closely related to magic.
the Greeks had a role in cheestry. They came up with a theory about the possibility of converting cheap metals like iron, copper and mercury into valuable metals like gold and silver. This theory stated that all the substances on earth originated from four main elements: fire, dust, air and water. Each element was said to have two features in common with another element.
For example, fire is dry and hot, dust is dry and cold, water is cold and moist, and air is cold and dry. Based on this assumption, it would be possible to convert one element to another. Aristotle saw that when all the elements reacted in the bellows underneath the earth's surface under a certain amount of pressure and and a specific temperature, metals were produced.
Moreover, in the fifth century B.C, the Greek philosopher Democritus stated that all substances are made of one thing in the form of small unbreakable units, called atoms. Based on this theory the difference between substances is solely due to the difference in the size, shape and position of their atoms.
The Greek philosopher Aristotle, who lived in the fourth century B.C., believed that any of the main elements suggested (by Empedocles) can be converted to any of the other elements by adding or removing heat or humidity. He decided that this change, known as the transformation, occurs whenever an element is added to a chemical reaction or a change in a physical status occur (solid, liquid, gas). Aristotle believed that water, for instance, is transformed from liquid to gas through heating.
Despite the failure of those attempts in the "alkhimiaa" field to transform metal into gold, over the many centuries they spent conducting experiments, researchers of this field did broaden their knowledge of chemical substances. Modern chemists are still using many of the laboratory tools and methodologies that those who worked in "al-khimiaa" invented, such as: cones, filters and balances used to weigh the chemical substances, as well as bowels used to melt metals. They've also learned to prepare different acids and alcohols and make use of them.
Generally speaking, for the ancient Egyptians and Greeks, this profession was dominated by theoretical views and was practiced by priests and magicians whose secrets were only known to themseves. There was a deficiency on the Greek side while the Egyptians excelled in that field; nevertheless, there was only very little evidence found overall.
The word Chemistry comes from the word Chemeia(amount). EX: if we added a certain amount (chemeia) of this substance to another amount of another substance the result will be the following.
The name itself is significant (Chemeia) it relates to the proportions in combining substances.
What is the tallest building in ancient Greece?
The tallest building in ancient Greece was the Lighthouse of Alexandria, also known as the Pharos of Alexandria. It was estimated to be around 100-130 meters tall and was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Was there a social class system of ancient Greece thebes?
Yes, ancient Thebes in Greece had a social class system similar to other city-states. The upper class consisted of aristocrats, landowners, and government officials, followed by the middle class of merchants and artisans, and the lower class of laborers and slaves. Social status was typically determined by birth and wealth.
Phobos and Deimos are the names of Mars'?
Phobos and Deimos are the names of Mars' two moons. Phobos is the larger and closer moon to Mars, while Deimos is smaller and farther away. They are both thought to be captured asteroids due to their irregular shapes and compositions.
