0
Circuits
Overachieving and under-appreciated, circuits are the foundation that our technological society is built on. Now's your chance to find out not only how they work, but why. Questions regarding the physics behind voltage, resistance, capacitance, inductance, transistors, LEDs, switches, and power supplies; and how they're used to create analog and digital circuits, should be directed here.
1,646 Questions
What is the Voltage of an orange?
0V.
But if you put a cathode and anode lets say zinc and copper, u get a very small current with 1.10V which is measured on a volt meter. If you serie cople many u may get light with a small Watt bulb.
How can a fuse prevent electric shocking?
fuse wire overheats and melts in plug and cuts off the supply of electric current.
Since we don't know any different, we must assume that the little lamps are all
electrically identical.
Then, as long as the string is lighted and nothing has burned out yet, the current
through it doesn't matter. The supply voltage divides equally across each unit in
the string.
240/40 = 6 volts across each little lamp.
Since we're also given the current in the string, we can also go on to calculate:
-- Resistance of each lamp = E/I = 6/0.25 = 24 ohms
-- Power dissipated by each lamp = E I = 6 x 0.250 = 1.5 watts
-- Total power supplied by the source = 1.5 watts x 40 lamps = 60 watts
or 240 volts x 0.250 amps = 60 watts.
How do you connect two 8 channel multiplexers to make a full adder?
Connect the 3 selection pins on both multiplexers in parallel to the A, B, and Carry inputs.
Use the output of one multiplexer as the Sum output and connect its 8 inputs according to the truth table for the Sum function.
Use the output of the other multiplexer as the Carry output and connect its 8 inputs according to the truth table for the Carry function.
Connect any enables, etc. on both multiplexers so that they are always enabled and passing signal.
What is thermal runaway in transistors?
The excess heat produced at the collector base junction may even burn and destroy the transistor.This situation is called thermal runaway.
Resistance: Electrical resistance describes how an electrical conductor (a wire) opposes the flow of an electrical current (flow of electrons). To overcome this opposition a voltage (a energy) must dropped (used) across the conductor (wire). Resistance can be described by ohms law: Ohms Law: R = V / I (Resistance = Voltage / Current) (resistance measured in ohms) where: Voltage [V]= the energy lost across an component (voltage measured in volts). Current [I] = the charge (electrons) flowing through an component (current measured in Amps). Electrical resistance can be thought of as sticking your hand out a car window. The faster [current] you drive the harder the wind presses [resistance] against you hand and therefore it takes more energy [voltage] to hold your hand steady. When trying to overcome electrical resistance, the electrical energy lost is turned into heat. This is how the elements of a household stove, toaster, and fan heater work. Because of the vacuum in a light bulb, the electrical energy lost is instead turned into light. It can be seen the electrical resistance plays a large role in modern life. Resistor: The resistor is the most common electronic component and is used to limit and/or control the voltage and current in an electronic circuit. Resistors are carefully manufactured to provide a predetermined value of electrical resistance which may range from 0.1 ohms to 100,000,000 ohms, depending on the application. The physical size of a resistor also varies dependant on the amount of power passing through the resistor, given by: P = V x I (Power = Voltage x Current) (power measured in watts) There are also many types of resistors including: · Variable Resistor - changes resistance when its shaft is rotated (volume knob on a stereo). · Thermistor - changes resistance when the temperature changes (used in a thermostat). · Light Dependant Resistor (LDR) - changes resistance when the lighting changes (used in children's night-lights). Resistor Example: An LED is a small red light (such as the one on the front of most TVs) and requires 2.0 volts and 0.02 amps to operate correctly. If we connected that LED up directly to a 12 volt battery, the voltage would be too high, and too much current would flow… the LED would blow up. We need to use a resistor to limit the voltage and current. But which value of resistance should the have resistor? Uses ohms law: R = V / I = (12.0 - 2.0) / 0.02 = 500 ohms (Note: the voltage across the resistor is the battery voltage minus the voltage we want across the LED) But which value of power should the resistor be capable of handling? P = V x I = (12.0 - 2.0) / 0.02 = 0.2 Watts
Look up in wire tables the resistance per ft for #6 wire (in ohms). Multiply by the total length of wire, 1500 ft because the current has to go through both wires. The answer is the total resistance of the cable. Then multiply by the current, 65 amps, and that's the volt-drop.
In this example the total resistance is 0.59 ohms and the volt drop is 38.5 v. This cable can carry 65 amps but at this length the volt drop may be excessive and that is a reason for using a thicker conductor.
Can you use buzzer instead of led in a circuit?
Sure. If you want sound when the circuit is energized, use a buzzer.
If you want a visual indication when the circuit is energized, use an LED.
Draw the circuit diagram for stair case and passage lights controlled by the timer?
sirs if you could explain me detail about the staircase lighting ckt diagram & explain how does the switch function.
Can Crystal Diode acts as a Automatic Switch?
A diode typically has low resistance for current in one direction, and high resistance
for current in the other direction. This is not really the description of anything that
could be called a 'switch'.
Which charge is voltage carried by in an electrical circuit?
Well, first of all, voltage is not carried. Voltage is the 'pressure' between the ends of
a circuit that makes charges want to flow. The charge carriers that actually do the
physical flowing are the electrons, with their negative charges. When they flow, we
say that there is 'current' in the conductor.
How do you calculate the time constant in a series resistor?
A resistor by itself has no time constant. For a circuit to have a time constant it must contain either capacitors or inductors.
What ia a ballast resistor made of?
A ballast resistor is typically made of ceramic or a special heat-resistant material. This material is chosen to withstand high temperatures generated by the electrical current passing through the resistor.
What is the voltage difference between the two slots in a wall socket?
In the U.S. and Canada: 120 V. In U.K. and Europe: 220 V. Elsewhere it will typically be either 120 V or 220 V, but other voltages are sometimes used.
How do you read the code of an integrated circuit?
Code on an integrated circuit includes four common sections: the manufacturer's name or logo, the part number, a part production batch number, and a four-digit code that identifies when the chip was manufactured. The manufacturing date is commonly represented as a two-digit year followed by a two-digit week code.
Is the tolerance range for a 2600-ohm resistor with a tolerance of 15 percent 2210w-2990w?
Yes, that looks right.
Where is the voltage regulator on a 1998 Lincoln continental?
it should have the voltage regulator built into the alternator
How much does a voltage regulator cost?
This is dependent on what you're looking for in voltage and power rating. Small IC's can be purchased for ~$1.00.
I should expect a real-world op-amp to have 5connections:
-- the inverting signal input
-- the non-inverting signal input
-- the signal output
-- the power supply input
-- the ground connection.
What does 0 mV on the Y-axis of an action potential tracing represent?
A 0 mV on the Y-axis just means that its neutral charge separated.
Circuits are used anywhere you want to have an electrical current flow. Without a circuit, you cannot have current flow. Without current flow, you cannot do any work.
