Computer Hardware

These are two completely different units of measure. MHZ (megahertz) measures frequency as cycles per second. MB (megabytes) measures memory storage.

Some manufacturers have laptop service manuals available for downloads from their websites.

For example, you can easily download IBM, Dell and HP service manuals. It's free.

Other manufacturers do not share service manuals and you'll have to buy them.

when differential signaling was first introduced you could not mix se and hvd devices because of the high voltage used in the hvd. since then a new signaling called lvd is used and it will allow you to use a se if you use the lvd/se mode.( p.1008 managing and maintaining your PC 5th edition)

Yes a microphone is an input device.

Input/output devices are determined by the direction of the signal being transfered.

If the signal is being sent to the Case (main part of the computer that does all the work) then the device is classified as an input device and vice versa.

Since the signal from the microphone is sent to the Case, the microphone is "inputting" information into the computer.

Based on the specifications and documentation, it appears to be have been manufactured sometime in early to mid 1999.

I think they decided that it was just more user friendly and more fool proof than numbers. (747's hydraulic systems are numbered)

The color coding of the hydraulic lines is a European practise. The Boeing designs and most US designed a/c have their hdraulic systems numbered. The color code is really just a way to Identify the separate systems in the documentation and the cockpit procedure as well as physically on the hydraulic tubing.

Aaron Johnson

Many cards that plug into expansion slots have or have had jumpers that allow for some user configuration. In some cases the video card jumpers are used to allow the user to "map" the memory addresses of the video card memory into computer memory and another jumper allows the user to select an interrupt. The video memory address allows the video card memory to look like ordinary RAM and the computer is able to write directly to video RAM as it would ordinary RAM. The interrupt vectors of some cards allow the expansion device to send an interrupt when there is some kind of data that is ready to be transferred. You would have to read more about the specific expansion card to find out more about the jumpers. Most of the newer video cards are built into the motherboard and even the ones that aren't are pretty much plug-and-play, and there is little that has to be done to make them work other than finding the correct driver if one isn't included.

A computer mouse is an input device

A server is an application (software), not a machine. There are many different types of server applications, including e-mail servers, print servers, file servers, DNS servers, web servers, ftp servers and so on. Each server application is dedicated to a single task, so there is no such thing as a server that performs several tasks.

In organisations with many clients requiring access to a variety of services, the servers will typically be split across several machines. The DNS server is by far the most important server and will typically be handled by a single machine dedicated solely to the task of translating domain names into IP addresses. In this sense we may refer to the machine as being "the server", however the server is the application, not the machine.

The machine itself does not need to be particularly powerful because the biggest bottleneck in any client-server application is not the raw speed of the machine running the server but the available bandwidth between the server and its clients. As the number of clients increases, the speed of delivery drops off substantially, so the server spends most of its time simply prioritising data packets so each client is dealt with fairly. For instance, a file server typically delivers files of varying sizes, but will generally prioritise smaller files over larger files. In this way, no single client ends up hogging all the bandwidth downloading large video files at the expense of those downloading a 1 KB text file.

In order to prevent backlogs at the server end, there needs to be sufficient bandwidth available to meet client demands, with a suitable overhead to deal with peak demand. A small network server might use just one network interface card, but a larger network will require several independent interfaces. To support "thousands" of simultaneous users, the server itself may be split across several dedicated machines, creating a "data centre". Many large organisations have buildings dedicated purely to housing data centres, known as "data farms", and the largest organisations have farms all across the world. These are often known as content distribution networks, or CDNs.

You don't need a CDN or indeed a powerful machine in order to connect a mere thousand users simultaneously, but what you will need is bandwidth -- and lots of it.

You have to use a power adapter which is usually in the standard package.

Eight bits are 1 byte.

The word 'byte' was coined from the word "by eight" - 1 bit multiplied by 8.

8 Devices can be used on a single SCSI bus.

Its actually 'Micro-fiche' and before the advent of computers, important documents and arcticles were copied and reduced onto a sheet of film (similar to xray). thus large amounts of information were able to be stored easily. Micro-fiche were viewed in special electronic magnifying machines. Check with your local library - they probably still have them hiding somewhere! Micro-fische is an old, outdated data/records system in which data was recorded by photographing [final product was a POSITIVE slide rather than a negative film slide] documents and reducing the size of say an 8 1/2 inch by 11 inch document to about an inch [maybe less].

Then, a few dozen of these slides were put on a single sheet of film about 5 inches by about 8 inches. An example of a common use [before computers became commonly available] was to put parts catalogs for lawnmower and lawn equipment.

The user would have to have a machine in which one of these film "cards" was inserted, and an internal light and lens would enlarge and project the page image onto a screen on the front of the machine. Some even allowed one to press a button and print a copy of the image.

This system was used in many Texas County Clerk's offices to record and retrieve property deed records. They have now been replaced with computers.

Up until just a year or ago, a few small lawn equipment, lawnmower, and small engine repair shops still used the Microfische system for looking up part numbers to allow them to order repair parts.

I suspect there are still a few Microfische systems probably in use where the information/data on the film "cards" is not subject to being outdated. I don't know if there is any system to print new cards, so only data that doesn't go out of date would still being used. If one had one of the camera machines, then new "cards' could be made, allowing continued use.

The strength of a surge protector is typically measured in joules. It is recommended to get a surge protector with at least 1000-2000 joules of protection for basic home or office use. For more sensitive electronics or in areas prone to frequent power surges, consider a surge protector with higher joules ratings (around 3000-4000 joules).

used in rotary shaft encoder

plugs in most components to allow the machine to work

Single-user systems should maximize use of the system for the user. A GUI might "waste" CPU cycles, but it optimizes the user's interaction with the system. For example, when we use PCs or handheld computers, it's appropriate for the operating system to forsake this principle and to "waste" resources. Because those operating systems are designed mostly for individual usability, for ease of use, with some attention paid to performance, and none paid to resource utilization.

Quite.

They are the manufacturers of the BIOS that your computer has.

It depends on the size of the disk drive(s) and what kind of bootloader you have. With the right bootloader you can put on as many as your hard-drives can handle.

Typically used in logic circuits is the pull-up resistor Less common is the pull-down resistor It's purpose is to force a zero (low) value when no other component is driving the input (no load) By providing a current limited path to negative power source through the resistor, while allowing the voltage to swing high if a load is present.

The most popular output device has two names: the CTP device and the Platesetter. CTP means Computer to Plate. It's a machine that exposes printing plates from data sent to it by a digital front end. These are huge. There's also a special paper you can get for a tabloid-size laser printer that lets you make plates on the laserwriter. There have been paper plates for decades--the quick-print industry revolves around their existence--and the laser printer ones aren't any worse than the traditional Itek plates. I've always run imagesetters, which expose film from data sent to it by a digital front end--usually the SAME DFE you'd use with a platesetter. A few companies make Direct Imaging presses. Heidelberg is the leader in this arena. In those, the plate exposing units are mounted on the press and the DFE is connected to them...very slick technology for short runs. Heidelberg has sold a lot of these to quick-print shops. I forgot one, mainly because the rotogravure process isn't all that common anymore. Rotogravure is good for two things: insanely long publication runs--the average gravure run is probably two million impressions--and huge label orders, especially ones that need a lot of color laid down. It has four advantages: very high speed--gravure presses run well in excess of 3000 feet per minute; very wide webs--three-meter webs are fairly common on gravure presses, which allows you to do things like run a 64-page magazine sig on one press sheet; total freedom from color change caused by wearing out the plates; and the ability to just pack a sheet with color. Gravure uses solvent-based ink. The print from unit one is completely dry before the job reaches unit two, so all the "total ink coverage" calculations we do in offset to make sure you're not going to plug up the sheet just go out the window--if you want to run 95-percent screens on every unit on your press, be my guest. Gravure prints using a copper-covered cylinder. They polish it to a mirror finish, then engrave little pits into its surface. The cylinder is coated with ink, which is then scraped off the surface. The pits retain the ink, which is then transferred to the sheet. Cylinders are engraved in a cylinder-engraving machine called a Helioklischograph. Heidelberg makes them--maybe one a year. Heidelberg has always made them. Heidelberg hasn't ever made gravure presses. Go figure.