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Computer Programming
A category for questions about computer programming and programming languages.
10,506 Questions
A Data Model is a way to organize the data that you have, it gets the information and using a set of rules it makes sure that the data is good quality for you to use.
Data Models are normally used to get data in, merge already existing data and to get data out. Data Models are also used for people that are working on the same project but in different groups to communicate.
There are multiple different Data Models, each one has its own befits and problems through each one is designed for a certain job.
Dynamic programming is a technique for solving problem and come up an algorithm. Dynamic programming divide the problem into subparts and then solve the subparts and use the solutions of the subparts to come to a solution.The main difference b/w dynamic programming and divide and conquer design technique is that the partial solutions are stored in dynamic programming but are not stored and used in divide and conquer technique.
shared memory segment
Write a Program to implement kruskal's algorithm in c?
/* Program for creating a minimum spanning tree from Kruskal's
algorithm */
#include
#define MAX 20
struct edge
{
int u;
int v;
int weight;
struct edge *link;
}*front = NULL;
int father[MAX]; /*Holds father of each node */
struct edge tree[MAX]; /* Will contain the edges of spanning tree */
int n; /*Denotes total number of nodes in the graph */
int wt_tree=0; /*Weight of the spanning tree */
int count=0; /* Denotes number of edges included in the tree */
/* Functions */
void make_tree();
void insert_tree(int i,int j,int wt);
void insert_pque(int i,int j,int wt);
struct edge *del_pque();
main()
{
int i;
create_graph();
make_tree();
printf("Edges to be included in spanning tree are :\n");
for(i=1;i<=count;i++)
{
printf("%d->",tree[i].u);
printf("%d\n",tree[i].v);
}
printf("Weight of this minimum spanning tree is : %d\n", wt_tree);
}/*End of main()*/
create_graph()
{
int i,wt,max_edges,origin,destin;
printf("Enter number of nodes : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
max_edges=n*(n-1)/2;
for(i=1;i<=max_edges;i++)
{
printf("Enter edge %d(0 0 to quit): ",i);
scanf("%d %d",&origin,&destin);
if( (origin==0) && (destin==0) )
break;
printf("Enter weight for this edge : ");
scanf("%d",&wt);
if( origin > n destin > n origin<=0 destin<=0)
{
printf("Invalid edge!\n");
i--;
}
else
insert_pque(origin,destin,wt);
}/*End of for*/
if(i
{
printf("Spanning tree is not possible\n");
exit(1);
}
}/*End of create_graph()*/
void make_tree()
{
struct edge *tmp;
int node1,node2,root_n1,root_n2;
while( count < n-1) /*Loop till n-1 edges included in the tree*/
{
tmp=del_pque();
node1=tmp->u;
node2=tmp->v;
printf("n1=%d ",node1);
printf("n2=%d ",node2);
while( node1 > 0)
{
root_n1=node1;
node1=father[node1];
}
while( node2 >0 )
{
root_n2=node2;
node2=father[node2];
}
printf("rootn1=%d ",root_n1);
printf("rootn2=%d\n",root_n2);
if(root_n1!=root_n2)
{
insert_tree(tmp->u,tmp->v,tmp->weight);
wt_tree=wt_tree+tmp->weight;
father[root_n2]=root_n1;
}
}/*End of while*/
}/*End of make_tree()*/
/*Inserting an edge in the tree */
void insert_tree(int i,int j,int wt)
{
printf("This edge inserted in the spanning tree\n");
count++;
tree[count].u=i;
tree[count].v=j;
tree[count].weight=wt;
}/*End of insert_tree()*/
/*Inserting edges in the priority queue */
void insert_pque(int i,int j,int wt)
{
struct edge *tmp,*q;
tmp = (struct edge *)malloc(sizeof(struct edge));
tmp->u=i;
tmp->v=j;
tmp->weight = wt;
/*Queue is empty or edge to be added has weight less than first edge*/
if( front NULL) /*Edge to be added at the end*/
tmp->link = NULL;
}/*End of else*/
}/*End of insert_pque()*/
/*Deleting an edge from the priority queue*/
struct edge *del_pque()
{
struct edge *tmp;
tmp = front;
printf("Edge processed is %d->%d %d\n",tmp->u,tmp->v,tmp->weight);
front = front->link;
return tmp;
}/*End of del_pque()*/
Difference between interface and abstract class on uml?
In general, the differences are that interface has
(1) no fields and
(2) no implementation of methods
but in UML interface may have features (fields), so the difference left is that interface in UML has no implemented methods while abstract class by definition is partially implemented class.
How do you make 60ms delay program using assembly language for 8086 microprocessor?
procedure for 60 ms delay with 10 mhz frequency
proc delay near
mov cx,bb8h ;3000
l1:
nop ;3 cycles
loop l1; ;17 cycles
ret
endp delay
What is a payment gateway related to credit card processing?
To put it simply, a payment gateway is the internet's version of a credit card terminal (the machine you swipe your card through in store). A payment gateway is much more than just a credit card machine. It offers the ability to securely process payments in a various amount of ways. It also offers merchants the ability to store credit card information in a PCI compliant environment. The payment gateway assists a credit card transaction by passing through the cardholder data in an encrypted format to the processor platform. A payment gateway can be customized and setup through any retail, restaurant or website shopping cart software. There are a variety of ways a payment gateway is used to process credit card payments but the main function of the gateway is to secure, transmit and transfer the data to a platform for settlement.
A=8
B=4
C=14
Yes, I know I'm a genius.
Mak - the all knowing one.
MWAHAHAH!
What is the difference between error and problem?
Error-when
we are doing something wrong......this is errer.....
and How to correct it......is our problem.
How do you drive a 4 dig seven segment display?
Either with a display driver chip or individual transistor matrix. Depends very much on what you need to do with the display, there are pre-programmed chips out there for calculators, date/time, counters, alpha/numeric; all sorts
How many types of sign language is there?
There are so many...many different ones for each country.
There are at least 25 sign languages in Africa, according to researcher Nobutaka Kamei.[1][2][3] Some have distributions that are completely independent of those of African spoken languages. At least 13 foreign sign languages, mainly from Europe and America, have been introduced to at least 27 African nations; some of the 23 sign languages documented by Kamei have originated with or been influenced by them.
* Adamorobe Sign Language (ADS) (Ghana)
* Algerian Sign Language
* Bamako Sign Language (in a school in Mali)
* Bura Sign Language - Nigeria (PDF link)
* Chadian Sign Language
* Congolesian Sign Language
* Egypt Sign Language
* Ethiopian Sign Language
* Franco-American Sign Language - a pidgin observed in Cameroon and elsewhere in West and Central Africa.
* Gambian Sign Language
* Ghana Sign Language (or "Ghanaian Sign Language") (GSE)
* Guinean Sign Language
* Hausa Sign Language "Maganar Hannu" (HSL) - Northern Nigeria (Kano State)
* Kenyan Sign Language (KSL or LAK)
* Libyan Sign Language
* Malagasy Sign Language (or "Madagascan Sign Language")
* Morroccan Sign Language
* Mozambican Sign Language
* Mbour Sign Language - Senegal
* Namibian Sign Language
* Nigerian Sign Language
* Sierra Leone Sign Language
* South African Sign Language (SASL)
* Tanzanian Sign Language (seven independent languages, one for each deaf school in Tanzania)
* Tunisian Sign Language
* Uganda Sign Language (USL)
* Zambian Sign Language (ZASL)
* Zimbabwe Sign Language
The Americas
* American Sign Language (ASL)
* Argentine Sign Language (LSA)
* Bolivian Sign Language
* Brazilian Sign Language "Lingua Brasileira de Sinais" (LIBRAS)
* Chilean Sign Language "Lenguaje de Señas Chileno" (LSCH)
* Colombian Sign Language (CSN)
* Costa Rican Sign Language (LESCO)
* Cuba Sign Language
* Ecuadorian Sign Language
* Guatemalan Sign Language
* Honduras Sign Language "Lengua de señas hondureña" (LESHO)
* Maritime Sign Language
* Mayan sign languages
* Mexican Sign Language "Lengua de señas mexicana" (LSM)
* Nicaraguan Sign Language "Idioma de señas nicaragüense" (ISN)
* Quebec Sign Language "Langue des Signes Québécoise" (LSQ)
* Peruvian Sign Language
* Providence Island Sign Language
* Salvadorian Sign Language
* Uruguayan Sign Language
* Urubú Sign Language
* Venezuelan Sign Language "Lengua de señas venezolana" (LSV)
* Yucatec Maya Sign Language
Asia/Pacific
* Auslan (Australian Sign Language)
* Ban Khor Sign Language - used in the Isan region of Thailand.
* Bengali Sign language
* Chinese Sign Language "中国手语" (ZGS)
* Filipino Sign Language "Philippine Sign Language" (PSL)
* Hawaii Pidgin Sign Language
* Hong Kong Sign Language "香港手語" (HKSL)
* Huay Hai Sign Language (Thailand)
* Indo-Pakistani Sign Language or Indian Sign Language
* Indonesian Sign Language Bahasa Isyarat Indonesia (BII)
* Japanese Sign Language "日本手話" (Nihon shuwa), (NS)
* Kata Kolok - used in Bali
* Laos Sign Language
* Korean Sign Language
* Malaysian Sign Language "Bahasa Isyarat Malaysia" (BIM)
* Mongolian Sign Language
* Na Sai Sign Language (Thailand)
* Nepal Sign Language
* New Zealand Sign Language (NZSL)
* Old Bangkok Sign Language
* Old Chiangmai Sign Language
* Plaa Pag Sign Language
* Penang Sign Language (used in Malaysia)
* Selangor Sign Language (used in Malaysia)
* Singapore Sign Language
* Sri Lankan Sign Language
* Taiwanese Sign Language
* Tibetan Sign Language
* Thai Sign Language
* Vietnamese sign languages (Hanoi Sign Language, Ho Chi Minh Sign Language, Haiphong Sign Language)
Europe
* Albanian Sign Language "Gjuha e Shenjave Shqipe"
* Armenian Sign Language
* Austrian Sign Language "Österreichische Gebärdensprache" (ÖGS)
* Belgian-French Sign Language "Langue des Signes de Belgique Francophone" (LSFB)
* British Sign Language (BSL)
* Bulgarian Sign Language
* Catalan Sign Language (or "Catalonian Sign Language") "Llengua de Signes Catalana" (LSC)
* Croatian Sign Language (Croslan) "Hrvatskog Znakovnog Jezika" (HZJ)
* Czech Sign Language "Český znakový jazyk" (CZJ)
* Danish Sign Language "Tegnsprog"
* Dutch Sign Language "Nederlandse Gebarentaal" (NGT), also commonly known as "Sign Language of the Netherlands" (SLN)
* Estonian Sign Language "Eesti viipekeel"
* Finnish Sign Language "Suomalainen viittomakieli" (SVK)
* Finland-Swedish Sign Language "finlandssvenskt teckenspråk" (Swedish) or "suomenruotsalainen viittomakieli" (Finnish)
* Flemish Sign Language "Vlaamse Gebarentaal" (VGT)
* French Sign Language "Langues des Signes Française" (LSF)
* German Sign Language "Deutsche Gebärdensprache" (DGS)
* Greek Sign Language "Ελλ ηνική Νοηματ ική Γλώσσ α" (GSL)
* Hungarian Sign Language "Magyar jelnyelv"
* Icelandic Sign Language "Táknmál"
* Irish Sign Language (ISL)
* Italian Sign Language "Lingua dei Segni Italiana" (LIS)
* Lithuanian Sign Language "Lietuvių gestų kalba"
* Maltese Sign Language "Lingwi tas-Sinjali Maltin" (LSM)
* Northern Ireland Sign Language (NISL)
* Norwegian Sign Language "Tegnspråk" (NSL)
* Polish Sign Language "Polski Język Migowy" (PJM)
* Portuguese Sign Language "Língua Gestual Portuguesa" (LGP)
* Russian Sign Language "Russkii Zhestovyi Iazyk"
* Spanish Sign Language "Lengua de signos española" (LSE)
* Swedish Sign Language "Svenskt teckenspråk" (TSP)
* Swiss-French Sign Language "Langage Gestuelle"
* Swiss-German Sign Language "Deutschschweizer Gebärdensprache" (DSGS)
* Turkish Sign Language "Türk İşaret Dili" (TİD)
* Valencian Sign Language "Llengua de Signes en la Comunitat Valenciana" (LSCV)
Middle East
* Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language (ABSL), Southern Israel
* Israeli Sign Language
* Persian Sign Language
* Jordanian Sign Language Lughat il-Ishaarah il-Urduniah (LIU)
* Kuwaiti Sign Language
* Saudi Arabian Sign Language
Historical sign languages
* BANZSL - Language family to which BSL, Auslan, and NZSL belong
* Martha's Vineyard Sign Language
* Old French Sign Language - Parent language of many sign languages
* Old Kent Sign Language
Auxiliary sign systems
* Australian Aboriginal sign languages
* Baby Sign - using signs to assist early language development in young children.
* Baseball Sign - a method used in baseball and softball to communicate strategic plays without the opponent knowing
* Contact Sign - a pidgin or contact language between a spoken language and a sign language, eg. Pidgin Sign English (PSE).
* International Sign (previously known as Gestuno) - an auxiliary language used by deaf people in international settings.
* Makaton - a system of signed communication used by and with people who have speech, language or learning difficulties.
* Monastic sign language
* Plains Indian Sign Language
* Tic tac - a traditional British system of communicating betting odds at racecourses.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sign_languages2
Pts
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You need to repair or reinstall the operating system. Also it depends on file which is missing. Some are files are not important as others. Missing system files might indicate that you have a virus/trojan/malware on your computer.
Create a program that compute the sum and average of 20-elements array x?
public int sum(int[] x) {
int sum = 0;
for(int i : x) {
sum += i;
}
return sum;
}
public int average(int[] x) {
// Note that this returns an int, truncating any decimal
return sum(x) / x.length;
}
Problems of one pass assembler?
The translation performed by an assembler is essentially a collection of substitutions:
* machine operation code for mnemonic * machine address for symbolic * machine encoding of a number for its character representation, etc. Except for one factor these substitutions could all be performed in one sequential pass over source text.The factor is the forward reference(reference to an instruction which has not yet been scanned by assembler).
Now it's that the separate passes of two pass assemblers are required to handle forward references without restriction.
Now if we impose certain restriction that means handling forward references without making two passes. These different sets of restrictions lead to one pass assembler.
And these one-pass assembler are particularly attractive when secondary storage is either slow or missing entirely, as on many small machines.
What is the difference between advanced user and standard user?
Advanced users are the typical users with more technical knowledge.
Standard users are the normal ones who uses computers to just get the task done.
What are two reasons why a program might not do what it is programmed to do?
There is either a virus or your computer is having trouble with the program.
A = A xor B
B = A xor B
A = A xor B
in C...
A^=B;
B^=A;
A^=B;
110000000 bytes is equal to how many mb?
In classic computer programming, units of increasing size are expressed as multiples of 2 to the 10th power (1024). Kilobytes are 1024 bytes, and megabytes are 1024 kilobytes. Dividing 8388608 by 1024 yields 8192 kilobytes, and dividing again gives us 8 megabytes. Therefore, the answer to this question is 8 megabytes.
