Computers

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Bowers & Wilkins

Bowers & Wilkins has since added to its Apple-focused portfolio-and achieved another milestone-by being the first company to ship an AirPlay-enabled audio system by the name of Zeppelin Air

All variable names are an alias for the value stored at the memory address allocated to them. To get the memory address itself, you must use the address of operator (&). The value returned from this can then be stored in a pointer variable.

Arrays are different. The array name is an alias for the start address of the array, thus you do not need the address ofoperator to obtain the memory address (although you can if you want to). This means that when you pass an array name to a function, you pass the memory address of the array rather than passing the array itself (which would require the entire array to be copied, which is a highly inefficient way to pass an array). In essence, the array is passed by reference rather than by value.

Consider the following code. This shows how a primitive variable name differs from the name of an array of primitive variables. The final portion shows how a pointer can be used to achieve the same results you got by accessing the array elements directly from the array name itself. This is in fact how the compiler implements arrays, using pointers, but there's no need to do this in your code. Accessing array elements directly by their index is a programming convenience.

#include

using namespace std;

int main()

{

int i = 10;

cout << "&i = address of i:\t0x" << &i << endl;

cout << "i = value of i:\t" << i << endl;

cout << endl;

int Array[10] = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 };

cout << "&Array = address of Array:\t0x" << &Array << endl; // same as next line.

cout << "Array = address of Array:\t0x" << Array << endl; // same as previous line.

cout << "*Array = value of Array[0]:\t" << *Array << endl; // returns value of first element.

cout << endl;

int offset=0;

for( offset=0; offset<10; ++offset )

{

cout << "&Array[" << offset << "] = address of element " << offset << ":\t0x" << &Array[offset] << endl;

cout << "Array[" << offset << "] = value of element " << offset << ":\t" << Array[offset] << endl;

}

cout << endl;

int * pointer = Array; // point to the array address.

cout << "&pointer = address of pointer:\t\t0x" << &pointer << "\t(never changes)" << endl;

cout << endl;

for( offset=0; offset<10; ++offset )

{

cout << "pointer = address stored in 0x" << &pointer << ":\t0x" << pointer << "\t(same as &Array[" << offset << "]" << endl;

cout << "*pointer = value stored in 0x" << pointer << ":\t" << *pointer << "\t\t(same as Array[" << offset << "]" << endl;

++pointer;

}

cout << endl;

return( 0 );

}