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Engineering

Engineering is an art and profession devoted to designing, constructing, and operating the structures, machines, and other devices of industry and everyday life.

5,839 Questions

Why there is restriction on generation of an ICMP message to a failed ICMP error message?

ICMP messages are of interest both to end-hosts and intermediate routers, although some messages are generally only sent by routers. It is never permissible for an ICMP error message to be generated as the result of receiving an ICMP error message-this avoids the infinite recursion of ICMP message generation (see RFC 1122, related link.). It is also forbidden to send an ICMP message as the result of a datagram that references multiple hosts, such as a broadcast or multicast message, or upon receipt of a noninitial fragment (see the "IP Fragmentation" section earlier in the chapter). These restrictions are designed to prevent broadcast storms.

A rocket will move upward as long as the thrust is greater than the force of gravity?

Actually for some time even after the thrust is no longer greater than gravity. When the rocket's thrust is greater than gravity, it will be accelerating (its velocity upwards will increase). When the rocket's thrust is no longer greater than gravity, at that moment it will still have an upward velocity, so it will still travel upwards - it will only travel more and more slowly upwards as gravity starts to sap the rocket's upward velocity towards zero. Once its velocity reaches zero, if gravity is still winning over the rocket's thrust (if any), then it will start to fall back towards the ground.

We are assuming a simplistic model (no air resistance, no super-unlucky collisions with meteors, etc.), but this is the basic idea.

What is a petrochemical engineer?

A Petroleum Engineer is basically someone with a chemical engineering degree who works in refineries.

What is an plateau period?

A time when there's "leveling off' of little growth in certain life processes.

Is there a difference in the definitions of tank and vessel from an engineering perspective?

Pressure vessels are constructed to withstand a specific Operating Pressure and have a Maximum Allowable pressure. They may be Horizontal or Vertical Cylindrical, or Spherical, Hemispherical, Small cylinders as for LPG...etc.
They will be fitted with Safety Relief Systems.

Tanks are vessels used at Atmospheric pressure. If pressure is likely to build up in a tank, as when pumping into it, safety relief systems are installed to offset this possibility.
Also, Vacuum breakers are installed for when liquid is being pumped out. A vacuum breaker may incorporate a gas injection (generally an Inert gas like Nitrogen), to maintain a slight positive pressure in the tank depending on the liquid being stored.

Petroleum tankage is very often of the 'Pontoon' or 'Double Deck' type, 'Floating Roof tank' having very little vapour space to minimise vapour loss. The roof 'floats' on the liquid and rises and falls with changes in liquid level.
It also has a special 'Pantograph' seal system against the tank inner wall

Can you hvae a 24 inch wide door that is 2 hr fire-rated?

Absolutely, there is no limitation as to the width of a door as it relates to fire rating.

How do you make a small hole in metal wider eg to fit in a pin?

By hand using a rat tail file, or use a drill slightly lager than the existing hole

How do you test partial penetration welds?

Partial Penetration Weldments could be tested using Ultrasound Testing method. It should not be used to evaluate the intergrity of the weld but could be used to detect the root penetration and the depth.

Godfrey Tisseverasinghe

What is unguided media and its type?

Media that is unguided has no connections, wires, or joined devices. This includes infrared, micro, radio, and even satellite waves.

Give a brief outline of the ways in which you as sales manager can contribute to the marketing planning process at Auckland Engineering?

Jim Withey, sales manager for Auckland Engineering plc, a well-established engineering company based in the Midlands, had been contemplating the memo he had received two days earlier from his newly appointed marketing director.

Memo

To: J Withey, sales manager

From: D C Duncan, marketing director

Date: 16 January 2008

Subject: Preparation of annual marketing plan

You will recall that, at our series of preliminary meetings to discuss future marketing plans for the company, I suggested that I was unhappy with the seemingly haphazard approach to planning. Accordingly, you will recall it was agreed between departmental heads that each would undertake to prepare a formal input to next month's planning meeting.

At this stage, I am not seeking detailed plans for each product market, rather I am concerned that you give some thought to how your department can contribute to the planning process. Being new to the company and its product/markets, I am not entirely up to date on what has been happening to the market for our products, although as we all know our market share at 3.5 per cent is down on last year. I would particularly like to know what information 'our department could contribute to the analysis of the situation.

To help you in your own analysis I have summarized below what I feel came out of our first planning meetings.

• Business definition. It was agreed that the business needs redefining in customer terms. An appropriate definition for our company would he as follows:

'Solutions to engine component design and

What dimension system allows dimensions to be read from the bottom and from the right?

A dimension system does not have any relevance to the direction in which things are read.

Why isn't there steam coming out of Three Mile Island?

Because there isn't supposed to be. It's bad when we see nuclear power plants release steam unless they are just venting the secondary system, blowing down vents, or testing valves or systems. Let's think this through. The really big "towers" at Three Mile Island (TMI) are the evaporative cooling towers for the plant. Water is cooled by evaporation in the towers and this cool water is (primarily) used to cool the main condensers below the steam turbines in the generating plant. If the weather conditions are right, water vapor can be seen rising from the "big towers" at the plant and it looks like steam. But it's really water vapor. Nothing more. It's normal. Note: There is a fine line between steam like that coming out of a tea kettle and water vapor like in a cloud. But it's pretty much the same thing - condensing water that can be seen. The difference may be that the steam is created through elevated temperatures while the cloud is just a "low temperature" product of weather related activity. A link is provided to a picture of the TMI complex, and water vapor can be seen rising from the cooling towers of the Number 1 unit. Number 2 is shut down and it's reactor core is a wreck. It's towers are not going to be showing any activity.