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Immune System
This category is for questions about how our bodies identify and fight off disease, infection or pathogens through specialized cells, tissues and organs. The system that does this is called the immune system. It produces antibodies which recognize intruders and neutralizes potentially pathogenic organisms or substances.
4,548 Questions
A sentence using the word pathogenic?
The pathogenic organism that caused his disease has just been identified.
Does your partner need to have Mono to be able to pass it on to you?
Yes, they do in fact have to have mono in order to pass it on to others. That does not mean however, that they have to have symptoms of mono. A person can be a carrier, meaning that they have no signs or symptoms of a disease but are carrying it and can transmit it to others.
What guidelines should be followed in the delegation of tasks within an organization?
Determine what each worker can most effectively accomplish; decide whether the worker should just identify a problem or also propose a solution; consider whether the person can handle the challenge of the task
A capped element of a pathogenic organism is?
The capped element of a pathogenic organism is the GENUS. (Source: CanScribe medical transcriptionist online school.)
In a cell what is the periplasm?
This refers to the area around the plasma membrane. In a bacterium, the area between the plasma membrane and the the bacterial cell wall.
Urea is a waste product produced by the body, which it needs to get rid of, and it does that through the kidneys, by excreting urea in urine
(NH2)2CO... It comes from the breakdown of Amino Acids.
There can be billions types of possible antigens and only 20,000 to 25,000 genes are present in body. So the answer is NO.
A number of things can cause a throttle problem, bad gas, fuel filter needs attention, spark plugs, wires, cap, rotor, clean the intake.
Is bacteria the most plentiful pathogen?
Simple one-celled organisms, bacteria are the most plentiful microorganisms as well as the most pathogenic.
That is straight from my college text book
Antibodies (also known as immunoglobulins,abbreviated Ig) are gamma globulin proteins that are found in blood or other bodily fluids of vertebrates, and are used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects, such as bacteria and viruses. They are typically made of basic structural units-each with two large heavy chains and two small light chains-to form, for example, monomers with one unit, dimers with two units or pentamers with five units. Antibodies are produced by a kind of white blood cell called a plasma cell. There are several different types of antibody heavy chains, and several different kinds of antibodies, which are grouped into different isotypes based on which heavy chain they possess. Five different antibody isotypes are known in mammals, which perform different roles, and help direct the appropriate immune response for each different type of foreign object they encounter.
Though the general structure of all antibodies is very similar, a small region at the tip of the protein is extremely variable, allowing millions of antibodies with slightly different tip structures, or antigen binding sites, to exist. This region is known as the hypervariable region. Each of these variants can bind to a different target, known as an antigen. This huge diversity of antibodies allows the immune system to recognize an equally wide diversity of antigens. The unique part of the antigen recognized by an antibody is called an epitope. These epitopes bind with their antibody in a highly specific interaction, called induced fit, that allows antibodies to identify and bind only their unique antigen in the midst of the millions of different molecules that make up an organism. Recognition of an antigen by an antibody tags it for attack by other parts of the immune system. Antibodies can also neutralize targets directly by, for example, binding to a part of a pathogen that it needs to cause an infection.
The large and diverse population of antibodies is generated by random combinations of a set of gene segments that encode different antigen binding sites (or paratopes), followed by random mutations in this area of the antibody gene, which create further diversity. Antibody genes also re-organize in a process called class switching that changes the base of the heavy chain to another, creating a different isotype of the antibody that retains the antigen specific variable region. This allows a single antibody to be used by several different parts of the immune system. Production of antibodies is the main function of the humoral immune system.
How does the HIV avoid the host antibiotics?
It has nothing to do with viruses unfortunately, and viruses are clever enough to escape from such drugs.
Is there any ayurvedic medicine to make immune system strong?
Ayurvedic medicine has over 300 references for moringa. Moringa is being researched as a more affordable to help bolster the immune systems of HIV/AIDS patients in Africa.
Ayurvedic therapy uses both herbs and herbo mineral medicines for treatment and there are variety of such single herbs or combinations of herbs which act as an excellent immunity provider. Tinospora cordifolia is one such herbs which is used often for its immuno regulatory effects.
Also ayurveda offers medicines which strengthen individual systems and hence medicines are prescribed on the basis of ailments.
What is the difference between plasma cells and memory cells of B-lymphocyte?
- Both are B-cells but plasma cells are the B-cells which acted on the pathogen the first time they invade the body while the memory cells are the B-lymphocytes that act on the antigen(pathogen) the second time it invades and when ever it invades the body again.
- Memory cells are much faster than plasma cells though plasma cells act very quickly on the pathogen once detected. but until it gets detected it needs time.
- Memory cells will work as soon as the pathogen enters the body before the person could even feel the symptoms.
What is an acid-fast pathogen?
An acid-fast pathogen is a bacteria that is harmful to humans. They have cell walls that contain mycolic acid which is a lipid. Common Gram type staining techniques wont work with these cells. A special stain carbolfuchsin is used to penetrate the wall.
After staining you wash with acid alcohol if the stain remains it is acid fast if it washes out it is non-acid fast.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a well known acid-fast pathogen
Can depression lead to a weak immune system in adults?
Because studies are still investigating the effects of Depression there is not yet firm evidence to support or deny that this could happen. What those experts say is that the Depression does exist through chemical changes where some of those required to lift mood, reduce the survival reaction etc are not working effectively. There is a possibility that when the body, which is after all made up of chemicals finds that these chemicals are out of balance then there is sufficient reason to believe that other chemicals can be effected indirectly.
