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Neurophysiology
A branch of neuroscience that studies the physiology of the nervous system. From the Greek words nerve and nature, this science looks at the way that nerves function.
321 Questions
What was the threshold voltage in activity 1?
The threshold voltage in Activity 1 was the voltage required to trigger an action potential in the neuron, usually around -55mV. This voltage level is necessary to open voltage-gated sodium channels and initiate the depolarization phase of the action potential.
Where does an action potential start?
Action potentials are generated on a part of the neuron called the 'axon hillock' - the proximal most portion of the axon.
Stimulation of a postsynaptic neuron by many terminals at the same time?
When a postsynaptic neuron is stimulated by many terminals at the same time, it undergoes spatial summation. This simultaneous input from multiple presynaptic neurons can combine to reach the threshold for firing an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. This process enables integration of signals from different sources to influence the overall excitability of the neuron.
What is an Embryonic worm stage?
In the life cycle of the round worm, a very early life stage occurring within the uterus of the female round worm.
What type of physician orders an EEG?
Most any type of physician might order an EEG if they are looking to see how the person's brain is functioning. The specialists that more often order this would be neurologists or neurosurgeons. Internists also would order this to evaluate a person having seizures, or other disorders that might indicate a problem with the brain. It is a relatively inexpensive, non-invasive procedure that would usually be done as a first step in a diagnosis of conditions involving the brain. The specialists usually work more from MRI, CT, PET scans, etc. that are much more expensive but also somewhat more diagnostically helpful.
Which standard unit is used to express frequency?
The SI unit for frequency is the Hertz. It is abbreviated as Hz and is defined as one cycle per second.
The unit is Hertz (Hz) and is defined as the number of cycles per second.
Frequency is measured in Cyles per Second which also has the official name of HERTZ
The basic unit is the hertz which means cycles per second. For more rapidly vibrating objects we often use megahertz, meaning millions of cycles per second.
The SI unit for frequency is "Hertz" or "reciprocal seconds" (1/s or s^-1). In other words a frequency is any measure of an action happening per unit time. It is basically an inverse measurement of time (how "frequent" something happens). The action happening varies. In sound waves the frequency determines how many crests of a sound wave pass by per second which derives it's pitch (in fact any frequency of a wave is found through the velocity divided by wavelength). Other actions can include the frequency of tempo in beats per minute (bpm) or the frequency of a engine in cycles per second (cps) or rotations per minute (rpm).
So the standard unit for frequency is any action happening per unit time. Common examples include bpm, rpm, cps. The list continues.
This is a simple adrenaline reaction. Under stress, your body produces adrenaline. The body can continue to flood your system for about 45 minutes.
Recognize what it is, remove yourself from the situation, and relax until it passes.
How common is it for a woman to have more than 1 miscarriage?
Approximately 10-20% of pregnancies result in miscarriage, with some women experiencing more than one. Recurrent miscarriages, defined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses, occur in about 1-2% of women. Multiple factors can contribute to recurrent miscarriages, including genetic issues, hormonal imbalances, or underlying health conditions.
How is the ionic composition in a neuron affected at the start of a nerve impulse?
At the start of a nerve impulse, also known as an action potential, there is a rapid change in the ionic composition of the neuron. Sodium (Na+) channels open, allowing Na+ ions to flow into the cell, which depolarizes the membrane and shifts the internal charge from negative to positive. This depolarization is followed by the opening of potassium (K+) channels, allowing K+ to exit the cell, which eventually helps to repolarize the membrane. The coordinated movement of these ions is crucial for the propagation of the nerve impulse along the neuron.
Explain stages of sleep in terms of EEG brain wave patterns?
There are four stages of sleep: 1) Stage 1 is characterized by theta waves, 2) Stage 2 by sleep spindles and K-complexes, 3) Stage 3 by delta waves, and 4) Stage 4 by predominantly delta waves. As we progress through the stages, brain activity slows down, with deeper stages associated with slower wave patterns.
Does brachial Neuritis cause headaches?
Brachial neuritis, also known as Parsonage-Turner syndrome, typically presents with sudden-onset shoulder and arm pain, weakness, and numbness. Headaches are not a common symptom of brachial neuritis itself. If you are experiencing headaches in addition to these symptoms, it's important to speak with a healthcare provider to rule out any other potential causes.
Can phargynitis cause neuritis?
Pharyngitis (inflammation of the throat) and neuritis (inflammation of nerves) are two different conditions that are not directly related. Pharyngitis is usually caused by viruses or bacteria, while neuritis can be due to various factors such as infections, injuries, or autoimmune diseases. However, severe pharyngitis may lead to complications or systemic effects that could potentially impact nerves.
What is a basal ganglia bleed?
A basal ganglia bleed is bleeding that occurs in the basal ganglia region of the brain, which helps in controlling movement, balance, and coordination. This type of bleed can lead to symptoms such as weakness or numbness on one side of the body, difficulty speaking or understanding speech, and changes in vision. Treatment may involve medication, surgery, or other interventions depending on the severity of the bleed.
How can you sign legal paper work for a person brain dead?
You could probably sign legal paperwork for a person who is brain dead if you have a Durable Power of Attorney from them. Of course, they would have had to have signed it before they were brain dead. And it probably has to be a DURABLE Power of Attorney, because a simple Power of Attorney usually only applies while the person is alive and not incapacitated, as they usually expire upon death or incapacity.
Lacking a Durable Power of Attorney, you might have to petition the courts for Guardianship or Conservatorship of the person in order to sign legal paperwork for them.
And making decisions regarding continued health care for an incapacitated individual might additionally require a Health Care Advance Directive, or a Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care.
And you should ask this question to a practicing attorney, not depend on any answer here!!
How does calcium channels help a synapse create a action potential?
In more detail:
The first steps occur in an axon terminal, which is where the calcium channels are located.
When calcium channels are caused to open by the arrival of an action potential at an axon terminal, calcium ions enter the axon terminal, where the calcium ions bind to vesicles containing neurotransmitters, which causes the vesicles to fuse to the cell membrane, forming an opening through which the neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft.
The neurotransmitters diffuse quickly across the synaptic cleft (the gap between two neurons), where they fit into receptors on the surface of the postsynaptic neuron, usually on a dendrite or a dendritic spine, and cause ligand-gated sodium ion pores to open, allowing sodium ions into the postsynaptic neuron, which causes an electrotonic impulse to travel down a dendrite, across the soma, to the axon hillock, where the impulses are summed up, and if a sufficient voltage potential is realized, an action potential is initiated in the initial segment of the axon.
What are the demographics of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneruopathy?
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) can affect individuals of any age, but it's more commonly diagnosed in adults, with a peak incidence between 40-60 years old. Both men and women are affected, although CIDP is slightly more prevalent in men. There is no specific racial or ethnic predilection for CIDP.
