0
Patriot Act
The Patriot Act was passed after the September 11 attacks. It loosened the regulations on agencies for purposes of gathering information on individuals. Some sections of the act, such as Sneak and Peek, are quite controversial among many civil rights groups.
194 Questions
Loss , constitution within
What did the us patriot act do?
Gave U.S. agencies greater powers
It gave the government the right to search your home, email, telephone records, medical records, and mail to name a few, all without a warrant if they believe terrorism is involved or a terrorist act is going to be committed. It is set to expire in May of 2011.
International Wiretap
Can a person deported from the US retain property in the US after deportation?
Yes, if the property was acquired legally, meaning any income used to purchase the property was properly claimed and taxed, valid identity documents were used such as SS# and so forth.
Section 3528(a) of Title 31 of the U.S. Code makes the Certifying Officers responsible for?
Computation of a certified voucher
When did George W. Bush pass the patriot act?
George Bush did not pass the anti-terrorist act. He passed the Patriot act which was passed September 13th 2001
The act that requires this is the Federal Patriot Act.
What 4th amendment concerns have been raised by the US Patriot Act?
a little something i wrote up today. This is a suitable answer from a non-technical perspective. If you are researching this for legal/criminal justice/etc reasons, you'll need something more in depth.
Should the US government be allowed to monitor domestic electronic communications of American citizens, without judicial oversight? Under current law (USA PATRIOT Act), federal law enforcement agencies are allowed to monitor telephone and email records, and to access public library records. In this paper, I will argue that the federal government should not be allowed to wiretap phones, monitor email, or check public library records without a search warrant.
1 The Fourth amendment to the US Constitution provides that "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated" (US Const., amend. IV.)
2 The Fourth amendment further provides that "no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized." (US Const., amend. IV.)
3 Federal law enforcement agencies use "National Security Letters" to gain access to records of electronic communications, and public library records; neither with issuance of a warrant by, nor subject to review of, the judicial branch.
4 The federal government's accesses of communication records are in direct opposition to the rights guaranteed by the fourth amendment.
5 The federal government should not be allowed to take actions which violate the rights laid out in the constitution, including its amendments.
∴ The federal government should not be allowed to spy on American citizens by monitoring their email, wiretapping their phones, or checking records from public libraries - without warrants.
The Fourth Amendment "provides the primary defense against government invasions of privacy" (Garlinger). A plain language reading of the text of the Fourth Amendment reveals that people have a right to be secure from unreasonable searches. That revelation leads to the question, what searches are reasonable or unreasonable? "The Fourth Amendment currently does not extend to information voluntarily given to third parties such as ISPs. The government, therefore, can access private information held by ISPs with little oversight or accountability" (Garlinger). This view is used to justify the government's review of data that the average citizen might consider private. To consider the content of an email anything other than the analog of the content of a letter written on paper and sent via postal mail, is an untenable position. Indeed the content of a letter is voluntarily handed over to the US Postal service, but sealed in an envelope. The content of an email is handed over to an ISP, but because of the nature of how data transfer works, email is transferred letter-by-letter, in a plain text format (Klensin); not inside a sealed envelope, as with postal mail.
Federal law enforcement agencies, in particular the Federal Bureau of Investigation, use National Security Letters to initiate a search of personal records from telephone and Internet service providers and public libraries. "Without any judicial review, the FBI issues NSLs to telecommunications providers to obtain customer subscriber information" (Garlinger). If the FBI were conducting searches which they believed an average citizen, or even judge, would consider reasonable, they could use the judicially reviewed search warrant process to gain access to records.
Contrasting the actions of the FBI - in using National Security Letters to acquire U.S. citizens' personal records - with the rights guaranteed in the Fourth Amendment; the two are diametrically opposed. It is particularly disturbing to see the government act contrary to the U.S. Constitution. The use of National Security Letters in the gathering of data related to U.S. citizens should be halted immediately. The federal government should instead use the already available judicial warrant application process, thereby allowing the Judiciary to maintain control, require probable cause, and ensure that due process is afforded the citizens.
In summary, the federal government should not be allowed to spy on U.S. citizens. American jurisprudence has a long history of allowable methods, which are not constitutionally tenuous, for the government to obtain information. By insisting on the issuance of warrants by judges, the United States government would better serve the interests of the citizens.
Works Cited
Garlinger, Patrick P. "PRIVACY, FREE SPEECH, AND THE PATRIOT ACT: FIRST AND FOURTH AMENDMENT LIMITS ON NATIONAL SECURITY LETTERS." New York University Law Review 84.4 (2009): 1105-1147. Academic Search Elite. EBSCO. Web. 24 Feb. 2011.
Klensin, John C. "RFC 5321 - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol." IETF Tools. Internet Engineering Task Force, Oct. 2008. Web. 24 Feb. 2011.
Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act (USA PATRIOT Act) of 2001, Title II, § 211, Pub. L. No. 107-56, 115 Stat. 272 (2001).
US Const., amend. IV. Print
What is one of the arguments that some people had against the patriot act?
One argument that people had against the patriot act was loyalists thought they should remain loyal to the king because they didn't want to get their family in trouble or get killed in rebellion actions that the patriots were doing. if its wrong don't judge in im 5th grade.
this is just the revision of republic act #5734
How many pages does Patriot Act - novel - have?
170 - including some sections that are titles or descriptions
Sec. 1. Short title and table of contents.
Sec. 2. Construction; severability.
TITLE I-ENHANCING DOMESTIC SECURITY AGAINST TERRORISM
Sec. 101. Counterterrorism fund.
Sec. 102. Sense of Congress condemning discrimination against Arab and Muslim Americans.
Sec. 103. Increased funding for the technical support center at the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
Sec. 104. Requests for military assistance to enforce prohibition in certain emergencies.
Sec. 105. Expansion of National Electronic Crime Task Force Initiative.
Sec. 106. Presidential authority.
TITLE II-ENHANCED SURVEILLANCE PROCEDURES
Sec. 201. Authority to intercept wire, oral, and electronic communications relating to terrorism.
Sec. 202. Authority to intercept wire, oral, and electronic communications relating to computer fraud and abuse offenses.
Sec. 203. Authority to share criminal investigative information.
Sec. 204. Clarification of intelligence exceptions from limitations on interception and disclosure of wire, oral, and electronic communications.
Sec. 205. Employment of translators by the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
Sec. 206. Roving surveillance authority under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978.
Sec. 207. Duration of FISA surveillance of non-United States persons who are agents of a foreign power.
Sec. 208. Designation of judges.
Sec. 209. Seizure of voice-mail messages pursuant to warrants.
Sec. 210. Scope of subpoenas for records of electronic communications.
Sec. 211. Clarification of scope.
Sec. 212. Emergency disclosure of electronic communications to protect life and limb.
Sec. 213. Authority for delaying notice of the execution of a warrant.
Sec. 214. Pen register and trap and trace authority under FISA.
Sec. 215. Access to records and other items under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act.
Sec. 216. Modification of authorities relating to use of pen registers and trap and trace devices.LAW\PUBL056.107 APPS24 PsN: PUBL056
Sec. 217. Interception of computer trespasser communications.
Sec. 218. Foreign intelligence information.
Sec. 219. Single-jurisdiction search warrants for terrorism.
Sec. 220. Nationwide service of search warrants for electronic evidence.
Sec. 221. Trade sanctions.
Sec. 222. Assistance to law enforcement agencies.
Sec. 223. Civil liability for certain unauthorized disclosures.
Sec. 224. Sunset.
Sec. 225. Immunity for compliance with FISA wiretap.
TITLE III-INTERNATIONAL MONEY LAUNDERING ABATEMENT AND ANTITERRORIST FINANCING ACT OF 2001
Sec. 301. Short title.
Sec. 302. Findings and purposes.
Sec. 303. 4-year congressional review; expedited consideration.
Subtitle A-International Counter Money Laundering and Related Measures
Sec. 311. Special measures for jurisdictions, financial institutions, or international transactions of primary money laundering concern.
Sec. 312. Special due diligence for correspondent accounts and private banking accounts.
Sec. 313. Prohibition on United States correspondent accounts with foreign shell banks.
Sec. 314. Cooperative efforts to deter money laundering.
Sec. 315. Inclusion of foreign corruption offenses as money laundering crimes.
Sec. 316. Anti-terrorist forfeiture protection.
Sec. 317. Long-arm jurisdiction over foreign money launderers.
Sec. 318. Laundering money through a foreign bank.
Sec. 319. Forfeiture of funds in United States interbank accounts.
Sec. 320. Proceeds of foreign crimes.
Sec. 321. Financial institutions specified in subchapter II of chapter 53 of title 31, United States code.
Sec. 322. Corporation represented by a fugitive.
Sec. 323. Enforcement of foreign judgments.
Sec. 324. Report and recommendation.
Sec. 325. Concentration accounts at financial institutions.
Sec. 326. Verification of identification.
Sec. 327. Consideration of anti-money laundering record.
Sec. 328. International cooperation on identification of originators of wire transfers.
Sec. 329. Criminal penalties.
Sec. 330. International cooperation in investigations of money laundering, financial crimes, and the finances of terrorist groups.
Subtitle B-Bank Secrecy Act Amendments and Related Improvements
Sec. 351. Amendments relating to reporting of suspicious activities.
Sec. 352. Anti-money laundering programs.
Sec. 353. Penalties for violations of geographic targeting orders and certain recordkeeping requirements, and lengthening effective period of geographic targeting orders.
Sec. 354. Anti-money laundering strategy.
Sec. 355. Authorization to include suspicions of illegal activity in written employment references.
Sec. 356. Reporting of suspicious activities by securities brokers and dealers; investment company study.
Sec. 357. Special report on administration of bank secrecy provisions.
Sec. 358. Bank secrecy provisions and activities of United States intelligence agencies to fight international terrorism.
Sec. 359. Reporting of suspicious activities by underground banking systems.
Sec. 360. Use of authority of United States Executive Directors.
Sec. 361. Financial crimes enforcement network.
Sec. 362. Establishment of highly secure network.
Sec. 363. Increase in civil and criminal penalties for money laundering.
Sec. 364. Uniform protection authority for Federal Reserve facilities.
Sec. 365. Reports relating to coins and currency received in nonfinancial trade or business.
Sec. 366. Efficient use of currency transaction report system.
Subtitle C-Currency Crimes and Protection
Sec. 371. Bulk cash smuggling into or out of the United States.
Sec. 372. Forfeiture in currency reporting cases.
Sec. 373. Illegal money transmitting businesses.
Sec. 374. Counterfeiting domestic currency and obligations.
Sec. 375. Counterfeiting foreign currency and obligations.
Sec. 376. Laundering the proceeds of terrorism.
Sec. 377. Extraterritorial jurisdiction.
TITLE IV-PROTECTING THE BORDER
Subtitle A-Protecting the Northern Border
Sec. 401. Ensuring adequate personnel on the northern border.
Sec. 402. Northern border personnel.
Sec. 403. Access by the Department of State and the INS to certain identifying information in the criminal history records of visa applicants and applicants
for admission to the United States.
Sec. 404. Limited authority to pay overtime.
Sec. 405. Report on the integrated automated fingerprint identification system for ports of entry and overseas consular posts.
Subtitle B-Enhanced Immigration Provisions
Sec. 411. Definitions relating to terrorism.
Sec. 412. Mandatory detention of suspected terrorists; habeas corpus; judicial review.
Sec. 413. Multilateral cooperation against terrorists.
Sec. 414. Visa integrity and security.
Sec. 415. Participation of Office of Homeland Security on Entry-Exit Task Force.
Sec. 416. Foreign student monitoring program.
Sec. 417. Machine readable passports.
Sec. 418. Prevention of consulate shopping.
Subtitle C-Preservation of Immigration Benefits for Victims of Terrorism
Sec. 421. Special immigrant status.
Sec. 422. Extension of filing or reentry deadlines.
Sec. 423. Humanitarian relief for certain surviving spouses and children.
Sec. 424. ''Age-out'' protection for children.
Sec. 425. Temporary administrative relief.
Sec. 426. Evidence of death, disability, or loss of employment.
Sec. 427. No benefits to terrorists or family members of terrorists.
Sec. 428. Definitions.
TITLE V-REMOVING OBSTACLES TO INVESTIGATING TERRORISM
Sec. 501. Attorney General's authority to pay rewards to combat terrorism.
Sec. 502. Secretary of State's authority to pay rewards.
Sec. 503. DNA identification of terrorists and other violent offenders.
Sec. 504. Coordination with law enforcement.
Sec. 505. Miscellaneous national security authorities.
Sec. 506. Extension of Secret Service jurisdiction.
Sec. 507. Disclosure of educational records.
Sec. 508. Disclosure of information from NCES surveys.
TITLE VI-PROVIDING FOR VICTIMS OF TERRORISM, PUBLIC SAFETY OFFICERS, AND THEIR FAMILIES
Subtitle A-Aid to Families of Public Safety Officers
Sec. 611. Expedited payment for public safety officers involved in the prevention, investigation, rescue, or recovery efforts related to a terrorist attack.
Sec. 612. Technical correction with respect to expedited payments for heroic public safety officers.
Sec. 613. Public safety officers benefit program payment increase.
Sec. 614. Office of Justice programs.
Subtitle B-Amendments to the Victims of Crime Act of 1984
Sec. 621. Crime victims fund.
Sec. 622. Crime victim compensation.
Sec. 623. Crime victim assistance.
Sec. 624. Victims of terrorism.
TITLE VII-INCREASED INFORMATION SHARING FOR CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION
Sec. 701. Expansion of regional information sharing system to facilitate Federal-State-local law enforcement response related to terrorist attacks.
TITLE VIII-STRENGTHENING THE CRIMINAL LAWS AGAINST TERRORISM
Sec. 801. Terrorist attacks and other acts of violence against mass transportation systems.
Sec. 802. Definition of domestic terrorism.
Sec. 803. Prohibition against harboring terrorists.
Sec. 804. Jurisdiction over crimes committed at U.S. facilities abroad.
Sec. 805. Material support for terrorism.
Sec. 806. Assets of terrorist organizations.
Sec. 807. Technical clarification relating to provision of material support to terrorism.
Sec. 808. Definition of Federal crime of terrorism.
Sec. 809. No statute of limitation for certain terrorism offenses.
Sec. 810. Alternate maximum penalties for terrorism offenses.
Sec. 811. Penalties for terrorist conspiracies.
Sec. 812. Post-release supervision of terrorists.
Sec. 813. Inclusion of acts of terrorism as racketeering activity.
Sec. 814. Deterrence and prevention of cyberterrorism.
Sec. 815. Additional defense to civil actions relating to preserving records in response to Government requests.
Sec. 816. Development and support of cybersecurity forensic capabilities.
Sec. 817. Expansion of the biological weapons statute.
TITLE IX-IMPROVED INTELLIGENCE
Sec. 901. Responsibilities of Director of Central Intelligence regarding foreign intelligence collected under Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978.
Sec. 902. Inclusion of international terrorist activities within scope of foreign intelligence under National Security Act of 1947.
Sec. 903. Sense of Congress on the establishment and maintenance of intelligence relationships to acquire information on terrorists and terrorist organizations.
Sec. 904. Temporary authority to defer submittal to Congress of reports on intelligence and intelligence-related matters.
Sec. 905. Disclosure to Director of Central Intelligence of foreign intelligence-related information with respect to criminal investigations.
Sec. 906. Foreign terrorist asset tracking center.
Sec. 907. National Virtual Translation Center.
Sec. 908. Training of government officials regarding identification and use of foreign
intelligence.
TITLE X-MISCELLANEOUS
Sec. 1001. Review of the department of justice.
Sec. 1002. Sense of congress.
Sec. 1003. Definition of ''electronic surveillance''.
Sec. 1004. Venue in money laundering cases.
Sec. 1005. First responders assistance act.
Sec. 1006. Inadmissibility of aliens engaged in money laundering.
Sec. 1007. Authorization of funds for dea police training in south and central asia.
Sec. 1008. Feasibility study on use of biometric identifier scanning system with access to the fbi integrated automated fingerprint identification system at
overseas consular posts and points of entry to the United States.
Sec. 1009. Study of access.
Sec. 1010. Temporary authority to contract with local and State governments for performance of security functions at United States military installations.
Sec. 1011. Crimes against charitable americans.
Sec. 1012. Limitation on issuance of hazmat licenses.
Sec. 1013. Expressing the sense of the senate concerning the provision of funding for bioterrorism preparedness and response.
Sec. 1014. Grant program for State and local domestic preparedness support.
Sec. 1015. Expansion and reauthorization of the crime identification technology act for antiterrorism grants to States and
To check out the entire USA PATRIOT Act:
http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW- 107publ56/pdf/PLAW-107publ56.pdf
http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW- 107publ56/pdf/PLAW-107publ56.pdf.
Why has the US Patriot Act that was signed into law on October 26 2001 received criticism?
someone who stands up for their country The official definition for the word patriot is "a person who vigorously supports their country and is prepared to defend it against enemies or detractors."
Breaking and entering is the criminal law being broken. It could also be a civil action for trespass.
How was the patriots point of view right in the Intolerable Acts?
Many patriots viewed the Intolerable Acts (known as the Coercive Acts in the United Kingdom) as unjustified and infuriating punishments. They believed that they had done no wrong in protesting Parliament's taxes. Though in reality very few colonists supported the Boston Tea Party (most thought of it as a degrading extremist act and Benjamin Franklin stressed that the tea should be repaid in full), they believed it was unfair of the British Crown to punish the whole of Massachusetts for the acts of a minority group.
In contrast, the British government thought the Acts were more than justified due to the "appalling event" of having over £90,000 (about USD $1,529,052 today) of British tea dumped into the water. Parliament believed the colonists were clearly in the wrong and should reimburse the loss.
the patriot laws are the rules of a patriot which is called the patriot act.
Conservative view on patriot act?
Conservatives are pro-patriot act because they place order over freedom and the patriot act promotes security and protection from terrorism (translates into order).
Yes.
One of the few responsibilities that a limited federal government has - and one of the few it should have - is to protect the union (of states) from foreign enemies. That is the purpose of the Patriot Act.
