Evolution

In brief, those similarities Darwin observed suggested that those animals that he saw in fossil form passed along useful traits to modern animals. These traits had been selected by nature (natural selection) because of their value to newer generations.

George Cuvier was one of the first to put a solid argument together that dismantled the long standing belief that the Great Flood explained the geological mysteries. He was creationist who set out to explain the Great Flood, but in the end decided it just didn't fit. Instead he decided that the earth was formed by several major events that radically reshaped the earth, the Great Flood being the latest of the major events.

Although a creationist, another man, Charles Lyell, opened a major door for Darwin and the idea of organic evolution. Charles Lyell, a Scotsman in the early 19th century was a geologist who read the rocks differently than people had in the past. He believed that instead of several major events (such as the Great Flood) shaping the earth, that it was shaped very gradually by events that we see everyday such as rain. In other words Lyell believed that the present was the key to the past. This new approach to geology became know as Uniformitarianism. The reason this beneficial to the idea of evolution is because it greatly expanded the age of the earth, creating the idea of deep time.

explain in brief the evolution of the computer

As the mid-1800s approached, the idea of evolution posed a serious challenge to the then-popular view that species were unchanging fixtures of nature. This concept, called the Fixity of Species, was a perspective that European zoologists and botanists adopted as part of their culture, to reflect Western religion and the story of creation as laid out in the Bible

One very important way that information is compared in the evolutionary history of a species is to use DNA. By checking how much is the same between species, we can see if those species are closely related or not. Our own DNA and that of the great apes are only different in about 1-2%.

Simply put, skeletons are similar because the organisms processing them arose from common ancestry. All mammals for instance, have skeletons that are quite similar because all mammal skeletons arose from common ancestry in the Mesozoic age.

These mammal skeletons are used in different manner by the entry of populations of organisms into different environments where individuals were selected along lines of adaptation to those different environments. Then the different populations of mammals arose with the very similar skeletons being used in very different ways.

Consider yourself, your dog, and whales to see the similarities in skeletal structure with vast differences in use.

They were both issues that were related to the opinions of traditionalists and modernists. Prohibition caused an eruption of organized crime, such as speak easies, and a population of people who opposed the legislation and rebelled. The Scopes Trial was a perfect example of traditionalists vs. modernists, showing how strongly traditionalists felt against the teaching of evolution because of their beliefs that society should model the Bible.

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to leave 2 feet free to use as hands.

Darwin Which was the theory of evolution by natural selection. this is where the fittest species survive and pass on their traits.

Lamarack which is the theory acquired characteristics . similar but wrong where it states animals will adapt and chage there thraist to fit in the environment and pass on their traits

populations adapted to the new conditions of each region :) . _ NovaNET

George Rappleyea (1894-1966) led a group of Dayton TN businessmen who convinced teacher John T. Scopes to openly violate Tennessee's 1925 law called the Butler Act, which prohibited the teaching of human evolution from earlier primates. The ACLU had been looking for a test case to challenge the state law. The trial, known as the Scopes Monkey Trial, was held in July 1925 and attracted national attention. Although Scopes lost and had to pay a fine, his conviction was overturned on a technicality, and the Butler Act was not repealed until 1967 after a different trial.

A paternalistic theory of government is one in which the government's role and justification is by way of being a method of caring for and ensuring good conduct by the people within its jurisdiction. The government is figuratively like a father.

Yes, humans are still evolving and have not met the hardy-weinberg equilibrium. Although, I do believe our rate of evolution has been slowed down. The hardy-weinberg theorem states that allele frequencies will not chance if there is a large population, mating opportunities are equal, no mutations occur, no migration occurs, and no natural selection occurs.

We certainly do have a large population (exception to certain isolated tribes that have not been influenced). This has slowed evolution because chance effect of genetic is nullified.

It is arguable to say mating opportunities are not always equal; we have a hierarchy in society where the rich are clearly separated from the average and poor. We all have a tendency to mate with each other. Also, our ability to reason (which seperates us from all other species) has allowed us to make a much more in depth analysis into what behavioral and physical traits we are attracted to in our mates (does not strike me as much different then sexual dimorphism). This implies sexual selection, which is a form of natural selection.

Think of all the locations where mutations occur (during replication, transcription, and translation), it is very unreasonable to think that in the entire human population no type of mutation ever occurs. It also has been proven that a mutation occurs, in a large population, in one in every gamete. Therefore, microevolution is still occurring.

The human race is obviously always migrating to different countries, and therefore are under different environmental pressures. A problem however is that we have gotten extremely good at altering our environment to our standards rather then adapting. Furthermore, it has been proven that a gene on chromosome 12 in Africans has 21 different variations (this is one amongst many differences in allele frequencies between different races). Therefore, if a North American, who only has 3 variations, mates with an African, then the allele frequency has changed and again the hardy-weinberg conditions are not met.

Ecologically, mistletoe plays an important role in enhancing diversity in an ecosystem as well as provide a means for distribution of pollen.

Culturally, mistletoe has significance in Christmas as well as Druidic and Nordic mythology. The former is the custom of kissing under the mistletoe, the origin of which is from Druidic customs of using mistletoe to ward off evil. It was also said that Loki killed Balder with an arrow made of mistletoe, because that was the one plant Frigga had not asked to never harm her son.

Perhaps you can't, but carbon dating is not used on mineralized fossils. The igneous rock above and below the fossil strata is radiometricly dated, Carbon dating is only good on material containing carbon; material less than 40,000 years old.

First of all, the Scopes trial did not play *any* role in any debate between religion and science as far as I'm aware. Science and religion are fundamentally opposed, and as long as both exist, there will be debate between them. Rather, the Scopes trial played an important role in *legislation* related to the teaching of science in school, rather than teaching fundamentalist religious doctrine as if it were fact.

The role the Scopes trial played in this was that it made both the public and judicial authorities aware of the issues involved, up to and including the conflicts between the USA constitution and various state constitutions, as well as the conflicts between both US and state constitutions, and practice.

The mechanisms that restrict gene flow is called reproductive isolating mechanisms. It is achieved through specific breeding requirements which may be physical or physiological. Example-The amazing partnership of the Bucket orchid and orchid bee is so precise that if either one went extinct, the other would follow,. No other orchid can possibly cross-pollinate the Bucket Orchid.

Wallace's contribution was almost similar to what Charles Darwin's theory of evolution is. Is that helpful?

Intermingling with what? Humans are all one species, though there are popilational variances. Perhaps if there was a mutation in one of those populations that was beneficial and could drive itself into the wider human gene pool, then maybe.

Scientists believe that the Velociraptor had the best hearing to coordinate with their superb hunting abilities. The study of the skull of Velociraptors show that they did indeed have excellent hearing. They have a notch in their skull and middle ear bones where the eardrum stretched, allowing them to have acute hearing.

Neutral mutations confer no benefits or handicaps and are therefore not affected by natural selection.

His treatise on human populations growth posited that populations would grow at an exponential rate while food production would grow arithmetically. Darwin used this idea in his theory of natural selection and by observing that many more organisms are born than can possible survive with the resources the environment supplies proposed that there would be a struggle for existence that would favor the better adapted variant organisms.