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Cold and Flu
Questions and answers about the "Common Cold"; symptoms in the upper respiratory tract like sneezing, scratchy throat, and runny nose, but adults don't typically have fevers. Colds are usually caused by the rhinovirus (up to 40% of colds), or Coronaviruses (about 20%), but there are more than 200 viruses that can cause the common cold. Also questions about the seasonal flu, also called "regular flu", caused mostly by Type A and Type B Influenza viruses. Flu starts with similar symptoms as a cold only it hits faster and harder and usually includes fever in adults. Although the "stomach flu" is a common term, it is not a real diagnosis. The proper medical term for stomach flu is gastroenteritis (an intestinal disease, sometimes viral but also bacterial), it is often mistaken for influenza because the flu can sometimes include vomiting and diarrhea.
4,331 Questions
flu-like, flu-resistent
The word part -flu- is a popular word part. Here are some college level and common words that may be helpful.
-flu-, -fluv-,-flux- means "flow".
affluence n. (L. affluentia, abundance, from affluere, to flow to. af-, towards + -flu-, flow + -ence, S, Qu, A, R) A flowing to or toward; influx. An abundant wealth. Also an abundant supply of, feelings, words, thoughts; profusion.
confluence n. (con-, with, together + -flu-, flow + -ence, S, Qu, A, R) The act of flowing together, the meeting or junction of streams of water or the running together of people into a crowd.
confluent n. (con-, with, together + -flu-, flow + -ent, TW) A stream that flows together with another; a flowing together; running one into another.
effluvia (GRE) n. (ef-, out + -fluv-, flow + -ia, Condition) Alternative plural of effluvium.
effluvium n. (ef-, out + -fluv-, flow + -ium, related to, place) Something flowing out in a subtle or invisible form; exhalation or emanation perceived by the sense of smell, as the effluvia from diseased bodies or putrifying animal or vegetable matter or ill drainage.
flue (from L. fluere, to flow) A passage way for conveying smoke in a chimney.
fluent adj. (-flu-, flow + -ent, OW, TW) A ready or easy flow of words or ideas; voluble; copious; smooth.
fluential adj. (fluent + -al, related to, belongs to, O, P, A, L) Pertaining to streams.
flux n. (L. fluxus, a flowing) The act of flowing; a continuous moving or passing by, as of flowing stream; constant succession; change.
influence n. (in-, in + -flu-, flow + -ence, S, Qu, A, R) Power to control or sway the will of another by gentle action or authority; based on wealth, social position, ability, etc. [Originally, the astrologer's belief in the supposed flowing of ethereal fluid or power from the stars, thought to affect the characters and actions of people.]
influential adj. (in-, in + -flu-, flow + -ent, OW, TW + -ial, related to, belongs to, O, P, A, L) Having the power to sway the will of another; potent; powerful; efficacious.
influx n. (L. influxus, to flow in.) A flowing in; an inpouring, inflow, as of a liquid, gas, etc.; importation in abundance; infusion; intromission.
mellifluous adj. (L. mel, mellis, honey + -flu-, flow + -ous, have, Ch, F) Flowing as with honey. Flowing sweetly and smoothly; said of words, sounds. superfluity n. (L. superfluitas, overflowing, abundance. super-, over + -flu-, flow, + -ity, Ch, C, S) A greater quantity than is wanted; superabundance. The state or quality of being superfluous.
superfluous adj. (super-, over + -flu-, flow + -ous, have, Ch, F) More than is wanted or is sufficient; excessive; rendered unnecessary by superabundance.
(circumfluent, efflux, fluid, fluidism, flume, fluminous, flush, fluvial, fluviatile, fluvicoline, fluviograph, fluviology, fluviomarine, fluviose, fluvioterrestrial, fluxile, fluxion, influenza, reflet, refluent, reflux)
It has not been assigned to a Kingdom in the standard taxonomic classification system. Currently the taxonomy of viruses is less defined that of other and living organisms. Since viruses are really not living organisms, they do not have a Kingdom assigned.
Ordinarily (except for viruses) the hierarchy is:
Life
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
For viruses the hierarchy and classification usually begins at the Family level and continues down to the Serotype or subtype and strain, however, there are many different methods of classification with some more specific and some much less specific.
A-H1N1/09 Pandemic Influenza "Swine Flu of 2009" (an RNA virus genome)
Kingdom: Unassigned
Phylum: Unassigned
Class: Unassigned
Virus Groups (I - Vl): in some classification systems Influenza viruses fall in Group V, in other systems they are unassigned
Order: -virales or unassigned
Family: Viridae/Orthomyxoviridae
Genus: Influenzavirus A
Species: Influenza A virus
Serotype/Subtype: H1N1
Strain: A-H1N1/09-like virus
How was Hamada's deep commitment to education reflected?
in the launch of the Ichimura Nature School in 2001. In a rural Tokyo suburb, young urban girls and boys practiced farming through a nine-month cycle from sowing to harvest. Each year requests exceeded available slots.
Is H1A1 the scientific name for Swine Flu?
No, A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)v-like virus is the scientific name. It is more commonly called A-H1N1/09. See the related question below for more detail on the many names world wide for this influenza.
Should flu be capitalized in an essay?
Yes, "flu" should be capitalized in an essay as it is the shortened form of influenza, which is the proper noun referring to the virus.
Viruses are classified differently than living organisms, since they are not technically alive. In taxonomy, viruses are not assigned to a Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, or Order. The influenza viruses start, in most classification systems, at the level of the Family. They are in the Family of Orthomyxoviridae. There are a few newer classification systems that have been developed to better categorize and classify viruses, but these are not yet the standard.
What best describes the maximum antibody level of a person's body after a flu vaccination?
The maximum antibody level after a flu vaccination varies among individuals. Generally, it peaks within a few weeks of vaccination and then gradually decreases over time. It is essential to get vaccinated annually to ensure adequate protection against seasonal flu strains.
Can you get worms from walking barefoot?
It depends on where you live and what the sanitary conditions are around you. The "Hookworm" larvae is found in the feces if infected individuals and if skin contact is made, then infection is possible. In most developed countries, sence the development of modern plumbing, the possibility of encountering this is quite remote and thusly, the hookworm has been eradicated in these ares'a. Also if you live in a climate where the winters are below freezing for extended periods of time, this infection is rare because of the larvae's inability to survive these conditions.
Yes, but it usually only kills very young people, elderly people, and immunocompromised people. About 200 people per year (mostly elderly) die from norovirus in the United States. When you consider that about 23 million people are infected with norovirus in the U.S. each year, 200 deaths is not a whole lot. As long as people get adequate medical care (replacing fluids and maintaining electrolyte balances), the chances of dying from norovirus are extremely low.
What part of a mask is contaminated after being worn?
The outer surface of the mask is considered contaminated after being worn, as it is the part that is exposed to potentially infectious droplets and particles in the environment. It is important to handle the mask by the ear loops or ties and avoid touching the outside surface to minimize the risk of spreading germs.
Does it mean someone is thinking of you when you have a flu?
No, it means you have a virus infection.
It means someone is thinking of you if your nose itches, according to folklore.
What does cracking a cold one mean?
"Cracking a cold one" typically refers to opening a cold beer or beverage, often in a social setting to relax or celebrate with friends. It's a casual phrase often used to indicate the beginning of a laid-back or enjoyable time.
What is the poem about influenza disguised as an intimate relationship?
I think thisis the poem- I was just looing for it myself (havng recently had a bout of the flu and wanting to SHARE it (the poem- not the flu)- so here ya go:
I will seek and find you . .
shall take you to bed and have my way with you.
I will make you ache, shake & sweat until you moan & groan.
I will make you beg for mercy, beg for me to stop.
I will exhaust you to the point that you will be relieved when I'm finished with you.
And, when I am finished, you will be weak for days.
All my love,
The Flu
They were supposedly vampires. All that is fact. The cold ones are vampires
The Native American tribe, the Quileutes, call the "cold ones" Apotamkin. The Apotamkins have cold skin, incredible speed and strength, are immortal, undead, drink blood, and more Supernatural powers, such as their eyes changing color.
A good example of the "cold ones" is in the book and movie "Twilight." By the way, it should be mentioned that the "cold one" is a made-up character by the author. In fact, there are no Quileute legends about "cold ones."
The author of the "Twilight" saga has stated that she made up this fictional vampire legend by herself, and only had her Quileute character tell it for the purposes of her plot. However, she did base other parts of her books on real Quileute mythology. For example, it is true that according to legend the Quileute tribe is descended from wolves who were changed into men. Even the tribal name "Quileute" comes from their word for wolf, Kwoli.
Hopes this help! http://www.jesseneo.com/reading/the-cold-one-vampire.php
What chapter of Twilight tells of Edward dying of Spanish flu?
Chapter 14 "Mind Over Matter" (p.287 in paperback):
"I was born in Chicago in 1901...Carlisle found me in a hospital in the summer of 1918. I was seventeen, and dying of the Spanish influenza."
Where did the word influenza originate?
Italian wordInfluenza meaning "influence" and refers to the cause of the disease. Initially, this illness was said to be due to unfavorable astrological influences.Changes in medical thought led to its modification to meaning "influence of the cold".The word influenza was first used in English to refer to the disease as we know today in 1703 by J. Hugger of the University of Edinburgh (Ref 1).The terms for influenza include epidemic catarrh, grippe (from the French, first used by Molyneaux in 1694, sweating sickness, and Spanish fever (1918 flu pandemic).
Reference
(1) Potter, CW (2001). "A history of influenza".Journal of applied microbiology91(4): 572–579).
Pandemic means " A disease prevalent throughout an entire country, continent or whole world." It also means "A disease that is easily transmissible by humans or animals."
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Current situation - World Health Organization raises Pandemic Level to Level 6. From WHO news conference 11 June 2009: "On the basis of available evidence and these expert assessments of the evidence, the scientific criteria for an influenza pandemic have been met. I have therefore decided to raise the level of influenza pandemic alert from Phase 5 to Phase 6.
The world is now at the start of the 2009 influenza pandemic." The transcripts of the Press Conference can be read or videos watched at the WHO site: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/influenzaAH1N1_presstranscript_20090611.pdf It is important to note that this does not indicate an increase in the severity, just that the criteria for Phase 6 regarding the spread of the Novel H1N1 Influenza have been met. This puts in to place additional steps by WHO and Nations' plans for control and prevention in such a widespread situation of pandemic.
What is the scientific term for flu?
Influenza or "flu" is from the family of viruses called orthomyxoviridae.
Flu notaintion used to tell what kind of virus your dealing with. example- A/California/8/09/(H3N2)
The a at the beginning stand for what type of virus your dealing with (subtype a, b or c)
California means that this particular strain was first found and isolated in california.
The 8 stands for the 8th flu virus isolated in that particular year in california
09 tell the year the virus was first found- 2009
The H3N2 stands for the hemaggluton molecules (H) and the neuraminidase molecules(N). The first number next to the H states how many hemaggluton proteins there are (there are 15). Same with the neruominidase (there are only 9). In the neuraminidase case only the first three proteins (1,2,3) are known to infect humans.
How could a common cold be spread by shaking hands with someone?
When you have a cold, the viruses in your body and on your skin will infect your cells and start to multiply rapidly, as viruses do inside the host. Now imagine all those virions (virus particles) on your hands (which are nearly impossible to avoid without washing them first) and you shake someone's hand. The viruses, that are not actually living organisms -- just "chemicals", can be rubbed onto the hand of the other person when you shake or hold hands. All the other person needs to do to become infected, too, is to rub their nose, mouth, or eyes which moves the virions from their own hand to where they can get inside the mucous tissue cells, and they will come down with a cold, too.
Washing your hands physically rubs and washes off the virus. The soap and water loosen the particles so they can be rinsed down the drain. See the related questions below for more information about spreading a cold.
This will depend upon the organism that caused the infection in the first place. In cats, most upper respiratory infections are viral in origin and they tend to be cleared out by a normal healthy cat within a week.
Can only horses get the horse flu?
Equine Influenza is a highly contageous viral disease of horses. It affects the respiratory system and can lead to secondary bacterial infections such as pneumonia due to the way it breaks down the defenses of the respiratory tract. Symptoms include: sudden onset of a high fever, coughing, nasal discharge that starts clear but may become colored if a secondary bacterial infection develops, mild swelling of the lymph nodes between the jaws. Influenza is a serious concern because of the risk of secondary bacterial pneumonia which may be fatal. Horses recovering from influenza should be rested for 1 week for every day that they have a fever due to the increased risk of secondary infections.
What bird attacks and kills humans?
In my opinion, I would presume that Ostriches aould attack huans due to their large size.
-DEAC
Also, the cassowary bird from Australia or new zealand has been known to hunt and kill humans who have invaded their territory. the eat fruit not meat so its not like the are killing for food just to defend land.
Avian influenza is flu infection in birds. The virus that causes the bird infectin can change (mutate) to infect humans. Such mutation could start a deadly worldwide epidemic.
Alternative NamesBird flu; H5N1
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsThe first avian influenza virus to infect humans occurred in Hong Kong in 1997. The epidemic was linked to chickens and classified as avian influenza A (H5N1).
Human cases of avian influenza A (H5N1) have since been reported in Asia, Africa, Europe, Indonesia, Vietnman, the Pacific, and the near East. Hundreds of people have become sick with this virus. Slightly more than 60% of those who became ill have died.
The more the avian flu virus spreads, the greater the chances of a worldwide outbreak in humans. There is a tremendous concern that H5N1 poses an enormous pandemic threat.
The following people have a higher risk for developing the bird flu:
- Farmers and others who work with poultry
- Travelers visiting affected countries
- Those who touch an infected bird
- Those who eat raw or undercooked poultry meat, eggs, or blood from infected birds
Health care workers and household contacts of patients with avian influenza may also be at an increased risk of the bird flu.
The avian flu virus (H5N1) has been shown to survive in the environment for long periods of time. Infection may be spread simply by touching contaminated surfaces. Birds who were infected with this flu can continue to release the virus in their feces and saliva for as long as 10 days.
SymptomsSymptoms of avian flu infection in humans depend on the strain of virus.
Infection with the H5N1 virus in humans causes typical flu-like symptoms, which might include:
- Cough (dry or productive)
- Diarrhea
- Difficulty breathing
- Fever greater than 100.4°F (38°C)
- Headache
- Malaise
- Muscle aches
- Runny nose
- Sore throat
If you think you have been exposed to avian influenza, call your health care provider before your visit. This will give the staff a chance to take proper precautions that will protect them and other patients during your office visit.
Tests to identify the avian flu exist but are not widely available. A test for diagnosing strains of bird flu in people suspected of having the virus gives preliminary results within 4 hours. Older tests took 2 to 3 days.
Your doctor might also perform the following tests:
- Auscultation(to detect abnormal breath sounds)
- Chest x-ray
- Nasopharyngeal culture
- White blood cell differential
Other tests may be done to look at the functions of your heart, kidneys, and liver.
TreatmentDifferent types of avian flu virus may cause different symptoms. Therefore, treatment may vary.
In general, treatment with the antiviral medication oseltamivir (Tamiflu) or zanamivir (Relenza) may make the disease less severe if you start taking the medicine within 48 hours after your symptoms start.
Oseltamivir may also be prescribed for persons who live in the same house as those diagnosed with avian flu.
The virus that causes human avian flu appears to be resistant to the antiviral medicines amantadine and rimantadine. Therefore these medications should not be used if an H5N1 outbreak occurs.
People with severe infection may need to be placed on a breathing machine. Experts recommend that persons diagnosed with avian flu be put in isolation.
Doctors recommend that people get an influenza (flu) shot to reduce the chance of an avian flu virus mixing with a human flu virus, which would create a new virus that may easily spread.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved a vaccine to protect humans from the avian flu. Experts say the vaccine could be used if the current H5N1 virus starts spreading between people.
Expectations (prognosis)The outlook depends on the severity of infection and the type of avian influenza virus that caused it. Death is possible.
Complications- Acute respiratory distress
- Organ failure
- Pneumonia
- Sepsis
Call your health care provider if you develop flu-like symptoms within 10 days of handling infected birds or traveling to an area with a known avian flu outbreak.
PreventionAt this time, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has no recommendations against travel to the countries affected by H5N1 .
However, travelers should avoid visits to live-bird markets in areas with an avian flu outbreak. People who work with birds who might be infected should use protective clothing and special breathing masks. Avoiding undercooked or uncooked meat reduces the risk of exposure to avian flu and other foodborne diseases.
Current information regarding avian flu is available at www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/outbreaks/current.htm.
ReferencesTreanor JJ. Influenza viruses, including avian influence and swine influenza. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2009:chap 165.
US Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves First U.S. Vaccine for Humans Against the Avian Influenza Virus H5N1. Rockville, MD: National Press Office; April 17, 2007. Release P07-68
Levin S. Zoonoses. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 349.
Hayden FG. Influenza. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 387.
Ferri FF. Avian influenza. In: Ferri FF, ed. Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2010. 1st ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:section 1.
Reviewed ByReview Date: 02/01/2011
Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
