Communism

A rough overview...

China used to be ruled by Emperors...e.g the last dynasty was the Qing dynasty which began in 1644 and ended in 1912.

Emperor was the only person allowed to wear yellow and they lived in the forbdden city.

The had a mandate of heaven which was their justification of a dynasty's authority, lost if there was natural disaster.

The terracota army was built by the first emperor of the Qin dynasty in 200bc and was only found in 1970.

By 1793 China regarded themselves as the greatest country in the world.

The dynasty's (and China) became weaker, as the rest of the world evolved e.g. Briatin overtook China during the industrial revolution, followed by the rest of Europe.

With the weakened Dyansty and natural disasters, there was room for a rebellion.

Then came the Boxer rebellion where, guess what; the Chinese peasents rebelled against the Emperor, Pu Yi who was only about 3 at the time.

The Gourmindang (or Kourmintang) ruled China, a capitalist based party run by Sun Yat-sen, the Yuan Shikai then Chiang Kai-shek. However, Chiang Kai-shek was a weak leader who lost the civil war to the communist party.

Mao Zedong was head of the Communist party until his death in 1976.

Containment.

Stalin was imprisoned and exiled several time in his life. He was arrested and jailed outside Baku in Bailov Prison in March 1908. Then he was sent into internal exile but escaped. He was recaptured on March 23, 1910 and again locked up in Bailov Prison and again sent into exile. Once again he escaped and went back to St. Petersburg. On September 9, 1910 he was caught a third time, imprisoned and on December 25 sent back into exile.

Stalin managed to get away from the town he was exiled to, but on February 23, 1913, he was again arrested and this time sentenced to exile in a particularly disagreeable town in Siberia, which is where he stayed for the next four years until the February Revolution in 1917 toppled the Tsar. With no Tsarist forces to arrest him again, Stalin got on a train back to St. Petersburg.

In 'The Communist Manifesto', Marx called upon the workers of all countries to unite. Once united, the workers would overthrow the owners and controllers of the means of production and by this revolt usher in an economic era of socialism, which would later evolve into communism.

The Bolshevik Party (later renamed the Communist Party) led the Russian Revolution of October 1917. The previous revolution in that year, the February Revolution, was not ed by any particular political party.

Because he ate a bad hamburger that day

Yes but no, we prevented north Korea from gain ground to spread communism but we didn't abolish comunism from north Korea.

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

Nikolai Chernyevksy and Georgii Plekhanov also greatly influenced Lenin's revolutionary beliefs.

Chernyevsky wrote the revolutionary novel, "What Is To Be Done" in 1862. Lenin was so influenced by this novel that he gave his own revolutionary pamphlet the same name. He even styled himself along the lines of the hero of the book, a man named Rakhmetev. One author of Russian history stated that Lenin read this novel five times in one summer.

Plekhanov wrote a book called "On the Question of Developing a Monistic View of History" in 1895. This is the book that brought Marxism to Russia. For this reason, Plekhanov is often referred to as the founder of Russian Marxism.

Primarily Capitalist, though there is free education and most forms of basic medical care are provided by the state. However, tax rates are low, and most of the economy is private (i.e., capitalist).

The Russian Revolution is made of two separate rebellions. The first was between the Czar and the people. The second was between the Provisional democratic Government and the Bolsheviks, who represented the people.

Lenin's party was called the Bolsheviks, meaning majorityites, which was one faction of the Russian Marxist party. The other faction was called the Mensheviks, meaning minorityites. The irony is that there were more Mensheviks than Bolsheviks in the Marxist party, but Lenin chose that name for his faction because it held a temporary majority of one vote for a brief period of time. It was a huge psychological advantage over the other faction.

constant, sweeping revoltuion

Soviet communism is where everyone is equal. All the money you make goes to the betterment of the communist state. Inchina people can make there own businesses and keep the money that they make.

BUT the similarity is that there country's are both run by a huge council of men. SO if the USA was communist each state would have a mini dictator that all report to the major... president.

The Bolsheviks changed their name to Communists. After the October Revolution at their Seventh Party Congress in March 1918, they formally changed the name of the party to the Communist Party.

While there were several actions that took part in ending communism in Poland, there are two distinguishable people that are often credited with this. These two people include Lech Walesa and Pope John Paul II.

The united states had supported France in Vietnam. With the defeat of the french, the United States saw a rising threat to the rest of asia. President Eisenhower described this threat in terms of the domino theory.

Grenada

The Provisional Government (PG) which was set up after the February Revolution and abdication of Tsar Nicholas II, did not satisfy the revolutionary desires of the people of Russia which caused the revolution. The PG was comprised of people from the Duma, aristocrats and intellectuals army of whom had interest they wanted to protect now that they had gotten rid of the Tsar.

The PG continued the war against Germany. It failed to improve the availability of food. It failed to redistribute land from wealthy owners to peasants. In short nothing had changed for the common person, therefore it had lost its support.

Meanwhile the Bolsheviks under Lenin had been agitating against the PG itself now. The Bolsheviks had many supporters in the army and they turned they army against the PG just as they had done against the Tsar. The PG, like the Tsar before it, lost the military support it needed to fight the rebellion.

The PG was dependent upon the local councils of workers and soldiers called soviets to maintain its power, but these were gradually taken over by the Bolsheviks so the PG lost its local political support.

All in all though, the October Revolution took place because Vladimir Lenin and his Bolsheviks wanted a socialist (not communist) state and the PG still had capitalist roots. Lenin was not content to wait for a true Marxist uprising of the proletariat so he acted for it by staging the military coup that they called the October Revolution.

Vladimir Lenin was born on April 22, 1870 and died on January 21, 1924 at the age of 53.

Senator McCarthy.

Yep, the book that Karl Marx wrote on communism was the whole inspiration for Vladimir Lenin.

Lenin did not follow Marx's ideas very closely. In fact, he adapted his movement to the conditions in Russia so much that the October (Bolshevik) Revolution was not a Marxian revolution at all. It was no more than a political and military coup.

Some examples of Lenin's divergence from Marxian principles are:

1. Marx believed that the revolution would be an economic/social revolution where the workers (the Proletariat) would take the means of production away from their owners (the Bourgeoisie).

Lenin's revolution was a political one where a small group of armed revolutionaries took the government away from the people then in power.

2. Marx believed that the proletariat would consist of the vast majority of people (the factory workers) of many countries.

Lenin's revolutionary party, the Bolsheviks, was a tightly disciplined organization membership in which was not open to any outsider who wished to join. Marx's "proletariat" were not even permitted to be part of the revolution.

3. Marx's socialism was to benefit the proletariat by eliminating capitalism's so-called exploitation of the workers.

Lenin's government forced workers and peasants to work harder than any tsarist government or capitalist had ever forced them.

4. Marx envisioned ending capitalism forever.

Lenin, knowing that his new government was not delivering on its promises, temporarily reintroduced capitalism in agriculture and small businesses under his "New Economic Policy." Many Marxist leaders felt this was abandoning the ideals of the revolution.

5. Marx's envisioned a "dictatorship of the proletariat" which would be a government elected democraticaly by the workers.

Lenin's dictatorship of the proletariat was not democratically elected. In fact it wasn't even open to anyone but members of the Bolshevik/Communist Party and then only if he approved of them.

6. Marx saw an end to workers being treated as machines on an assembly line. where the owners could accumulate wealth for themselves while extracting as much work as possible from the workers.

Lenin explored ways (such as Taylorism) to make factory workers more efficient in order to accumulate wealth for the new government while extracting as much work as possible from the workers.

There are other examples, because Lenin was the ultimate change artist. Anything that didn't work to keep him and the Communists in power would be changed whether that change conflicted with true Marxian theory or not.