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Electronics Engineering
Electronics Engineering is a branch of engineering that deals with practical applications of electronic components, devices, systems, or equipment. Electronics are devices that operate on low voltage sources, as in electron tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, and printed circuit boards and use electricity as part of its driving force.
24,372 Questions
What does Moore's law predict?
Moore's Law is not a law of physics, but is a mere trend identified by the IC engineer Gordon Moore in 1965. It predicts, or more accurately states that the number of transistors that can be placed inexpensively on an integrated circuit doubles approximately every two years.
How do you construct NAND gate using mechanical devices and not using electronics?
You can construct a NAND gate using relays. If the contacts are in series, it is an AND gate. If the contacts are in parallel, it is an OR gate. Depending on which contact you use, it is a NOT gate. Simply pick the right combination of contacts and the meaning of the signal, and you can consider it to be a NAND gate.
If you have three 100 ohm resistors, and you want an equivalent resistor of 66.7 ohms, put two resistors in series, and then parallel the third resistor across the first two. Resistors in series: R1 + R2 Resistors in parallel: R1 * R2 / (R1 + R2) This example: Two 100 ohm resistors in series: 100 + 100 = 200
A 100 ohm resistor in parallel with a 200 ohm resistor: 100 * 200 / (100 + 200) = 66.7
Why is rectified voltage storge in a capacitor?
Because a capacitor is ideal for storing energy over short periods, as in a reservoir capacitor in a power supply.
What is the importance of Intermediate Frequency stage of the superheterodyne receiver?
for better output,and low impedance.!@
What is the frequency in different countries?
Scroll down to related links and look at "AC voltage and frequencies in the world".
Is higher or lower ohms better for a speaker?
That's tricky given that a speaker with better sensitivity will be louder than a less sensitive one for the same power. An 8 ohms speaker with a sensitivity of 93db/W/m will be twice as loud as a 4 ohms speaker rated at 90db/w/m (both fed 1W of power, that's 2.83V for 8 ohms and 1.415V for 4 ohms). The net result is that for the same loudness the 8 ohms speaker will put less load on the stereo or amp.
So for 93db/W/m, the 8 ohms speaker requires 2.83V, so draws 0.35A. The 4 ohms speaker will need 2.83V instead of 1.415V for the same loudness (it is 3dB less efficient). So it draws 0.7A at 2.83V. Thus the amp runs hotter.
In summary car systems are designed for 4 ohms and speakers are quoted for loudness at 2.83V - that makes them appear louder than 8 ohms speakers. This is wrong since loudness is not measured with voltage but with watts. So whenever you see a 4 ohms driver quoted for 2.83V simply reduce 3dB from the loudness (SPL) value advertised to find its actual rating and then get the speaker that has the highest SPL rating that you can afford. That way you will get more loudness without having to turn up the volume knob all the way to max.
Probably. Put simply, the mAh rating is the size of the proverbial 'gas tank' the battery provides for your device. The larger mAh just means a larger 'gas tank'.
To be more precise: the unit mAh stands for milliamp-hours; it indicates that a completely charged battery contains enough power to discharge that amount of current for one hour. For example a 680mAh battery theoretically contains enough power to produce 680mA of current for one hour (though in reality, it might not be possible to discharge it that quickly) or 68mA of current for ten hours.
For voltage drop calculation you must use the current of the circuit breaker or the normal currents?
For voltage drop calculation you must use the current of the load and the distance of the load from the supply source. The circuit breaker is then used to limit the current to the rating of the wire that feeds the load.
Semiconductors are insulators at low temperatures and reasonably good conductors at higher temperatures.
semiconductors whose ability to conduct electric lies between those of conductor and insulator
Additional:
Common semiconductors include silicon and germanium, which are tetra-valent, that is each atom has four electrons in its outer orbit. In the normal crystalline form, the atoms form covalent bonds where adjacent atoms share an electron. Electrons thus bound are not free to move and are not affected by an electric field. These bonds are fairly weak, and are easily broken. At any temperature above absolute zero, many of the bonds are broken leaving electrons free to move. So, as temperature increases, the semiconductor material becomes a better and better conductor. This is an intrinsic, or pure semiconductor. So, the above statement " Semiconductors are insulators at low temperatures and reasonably good conductors at higher temperatures." is absolutely true.
As used in electronics, impurities are intentionally introduced (doped) into the semiconductor. When penta-valent (5 outer electrons) elements such as Arsenic and Antimony are used, the semiconductor has many free electrons, and is said to be n-type. If tri-valent (3-outer electrons) elements such as Boron, Gallium and Indium are used, the material is electron starved, and is said to be p-type. If we dope one side of a semiconductor block such that it is n-type, and the other side p-type, a so-called semiconductor junction is formed. This is the building block for all modern electronics such as the diode, transistor and integrated circuit (IC).
How many types of potentiometer?
There are basically two types of resistors.
-Fixed resistors
-Variable resistors
FIXED TYPE:
Fixed resistors are classified into 4 types based on various factors like manufacturing style,resistance range,power rating etc.
The four types of fixed resistors are
1)Carbon composition
2)Carbon film
3)Metal film(again classified into thick film resistors and thin film resistors)
4)Wire wound-which consists of power style type and precision style type
VARIABLE TYPE:
They are used in electronic circuits to adjust the value of voltages and currents.Ex. They are used in televisions as volume control,brightness control etc. There are three types of variable resistors.They are
1)Potentiometer-classified into carbon potentiometer and wire wound potentiometer
2)Rheostat
3)Trimmer
Wire-wound, carbon compound, metal strip, and in modern times, the silicon transistors in linear region are used as resistors
The current in a circuit is a measure of passing electrical charge per second. Each electron carries a fix amount of charge. Therefore the number of charge moving depends on the speed of the charge, in this case electrons. In conductors like copper, there are just so many free electrons that they move in bulk slower than snail.
The the Cathode ray tube, the speed is at a fraction of speed of light, not many electrons are flying.
For actual number, look up speed of electron in copper at room temperature, and multiple the electrical charge constant to get at the current. This must be a standard class tutorial.
What are advantages you have of frequency domain analysis over time analysis?
Frequency Analysis is much easier. Some equations can't be solved in time domain while they can be solved easily in frequency domain. When moving to frequency domain you change the differential equation into algebric equation.
Also, in frequency domain it is easy to apply filters and compute their specifications.
In telecommunications, using multiple frequencies enables more than one user to use the service at the same time if having different frequency, this enables less delay for the signal. Also, it would be easier, when using frequency domain- to give each user, or each standard (GSM, Satellite ...) it's own frequency range without interfering. This can't be done in time domain
How a Full Adder with the help of two Half Adders?
Connect two half Adders with an OR gate to make a Full Adder.
What is low voltage capacitor?
A low voltage capacitor is an electrical component designed to store and release electrical energy at low voltage levels, typically under 50 volts. These capacitors are commonly used in various applications, including power supplies, signal processing, and filtering in electronic circuits. They come in various types, such as ceramic, electrolytic, and film capacitors, each suited for specific purposes based on their characteristics and performance. Low voltage capacitors help stabilize voltage levels and improve energy efficiency in electronic devices.
20A
By using V=IR
Define Edge Triggered Flip-Flop?
Manner in which a flip-flopis activated by a signal transition.It may be either +ve or -ve edge triggered fliop-flop.
