Fascism

Adolf Hitler

Fascism first appeared in Italy during the 20's. Benito Mussilini was the first Facist leader of note.
Fascism is a right-wing form of government that is based on nationalism. It was created in Italy and spread to Germany and Spain (although Spain's fascism isn't usually compared to Italy and Germany).

yes

Neville Chamberlain was the British Prime Minister who declared war on Nazi Germany on 3 September 1939 so it is unlikely that he was a fascist.

There's only one that comes to mind and that's Syria. Syria even has direct roots comparing to The Third Reich. There may be other countries whom still have Fascist leaderships but I can only think of Syria right now.

By setting up laws which suppressed civil rights. He also effectively used Gestapo to interfere with civil lives. The Nuremberg Laws of 1935 were antisemitic laws in Nazi Germany introduced at the annual Nuremberg Rally of the Nazi Party. These laws deprived Jews of German citizenship and prohibited marriage between Jews and other Germans. The Nuremberg Laws also included a ban on sexual intercourse between people defined as "Jews" and non-Jewish Germans and prevented "Jews" from participating in German civic life.

For Hitler's political party, the National Socialist German Worker's Party, better known as the Nazis, the party symbol was the black swastika on a white circle in a black cross on a red field.

Italian socialists who differed with the main-line Socialist Party's anti-war (WWI) stance as well as hard-line nationalists. Also, many Fascists were war veterans. Fascism was a strange, convoluted mixture of right-wing symbolism (nationalism, respect for figure of authority) with a left-wing execution (totalitarian rule, view that elites have an enlightened dedication to the common good).

Here are some chracteristics of any kind of facist government.

1. Powerful and Continuing Nationalism - Fascist regimes tend to make constant use of patriotic mottos, slogans, symbols, songs, and other paraphernalia. Flags are seen everywhere, as are flag symbols on clothing and in public displays.

2. Disdain for the Recognition of Human Rights - Because of fear of enemies and the need for security, the people in fascist regimes are persuaded that human rights can be ignored in certain cases because of "need." The people tend to look the other way or even approve of torture, summary executions, assassinations, long incarcerations of prisoners, etc.

3. Identification of Enemies/Scapegoats as a Unifying Cause - The people are rallied into a unifying patriotic frenzy over the need to eliminate a perceived common threat or foe: racial , ethnic or religious minorities; liberals; communists; socialists, terrorists, etc.

4. Supremacy of the Military - Even when there are widespread domestic problems, the military is given a disproportionate amount of government funding, and the domestic agenda is neglected. Soldiers and military service are glamorized.

5. Rampant Sexism - The governments of fascist nations tend to be almost exclusively male-dominated. Under fascist regimes, traditional gender roles are made more rigid. Divorce, abortion and homosexuality are suppressed and the state is represented as the ultimate guardian of the family institution.

6. Controlled Mass Media - Sometimes to media is directly controlled by the government, but in other cases, the media is indirectly controlled by government regulation, or sympathetic media spokespeople and executives. Censorship, especially in war time, is very common.

7. Obsession with National Security - Fear is used as a motivational tool by the government over the masses.

8. Religion and Government are Intertwined - Governments in fascist nations tend to use the most common religion in the nation as a tool to manipulate public opinion. Religious rhetoric and terminology is common from government leaders, even when the major tenets of the religion are diametrically opposed to the government's policies or actions.

9. Corporate Power is Protected - The industrial and business aristocracy of a fascist nation often are the ones who put the government leaders into power, creating a mutually beneficial business/government relationship and power elite.

10. Labor Power is Suppressed - Because the organizing power of labor is the only real threat to a fascist government, labor unions are either eliminated entirely, or are severely suppressed.

11. Disdain for Intellectuals and the Arts - Fascist nations tend to promote and tolerate open hostility to higher education, and academia. It is not uncommon for professors and other academics to be censored or even arrested. Free expression in the arts and letters is openly attacked.

12. Obsession with Crime and Punishment - Under fascist regimes, the police are given almost limitless power to enforce laws. The people are often willing to overlook police abuses and even forego civil liberties in the name of patriotism. There is often a national police force with virtually unlimited power in fascist nations.

13. Rampant Cronyism and Corruption - Fascist regimes almost always are governed by groups of friends and associates who appoint each other to government positions and use governmental power and authority to protect their friends from accountability. It is not uncommon in fascist regimes for national resources and even treasures to be appropriated or even outright stolen by government leaders.

14. Fraudulent Elections - Sometimes elections in fascist nations are a complete sham. Other times elections are manipulated by smear campaigns against or even assassination of opposition candidates, use of legislation to control voting numbers or political district boundaries, and manipulation of the media. Fascist nations also typically use their judiciaries to manipulate or control elections.

There was a lot of anger and resentment in those communities after World War I. The poverty of those war stricken regions instilled a sense of resentment and desire in German and Italian cultures to rise against a common enemy.

Benito Mussolini.

She was appalled by Hitler, as was any Jew of the era, but Hitler was like a distant abstract to her (understandably). Anne had a few choice words to say about the German puppet leader of The Netherlands, Anton Mussert, however.

Capitalism is an economic system, fasism is a poltical system. There have been times in the recent history of capitalism where a bourgeois democratic state is no longer able to protect capitalism, in these times it has been necessary for fascists to assume power to do what bourgeois democracy could not.

Totalitarianism (or totalitarian rule) is a concept used to describe political systems where a state regulates nearly every aspect of public and private life..Democracy is a form of government in which power is held by people under a free electoral system.

Because at the time that the Nazis came into power, the German people were in a great state of despair. The name, as well as their early tactics to come into power were directed towards making the people feel that their party was there to help them, rather than harm them.

The idea of National Socialism was to foster a great love for the nation above that of the self. So that the people would be willing to sacrifice much for the state.

Adolf Hitler did actually come to power completely by the book. Infact origianally Hitler never wanted to become a leader just someone who had the power to voice his opinion

fascists was a decriptive term then to identify extream right wing political parties

With the government paralyzed by divisions, both Nazis and communists won more seats in the Reichstag, or lower house of legislature. Fearing the growth of communist political power, conservative politicians turned to Hitler. Although they despised him, they believed they could control. Thus, with conservative support, Hitler was appointed chancellor in 1933 through legal means under Weimar constitution. Within a year, Hitler was dictator of Germany.

Yes

The early to mid 1930's when Benito Mussolini came to power.

The fascists exploited the fear of a Communist takeover. They marched on Rome and demanded for the Prime Minister to step down. The King refused to declare Marshall Law against them so the Prime Minister stepped down. The King then handed over power.

Benito Mussolini is significant because he was the principle theorist of Facism and the first to establish a Facist state. While his Facism was uniquely Italian, he created general principles that would be imitated by others such as Hitler. His conversion of Italy into a Facist state was also signicant in its attacks on civil and political rights. He is also significant for his invasions of Ethiopia, Albania, and for prompting the Axis invasion of Greece. He is notable for bringing Italy into the Axis alliance as well.

They were very similar but the one significant difference was racism. Nazi ideology was strongly rooted in anti-semitism; Fascism had no such tenet. However, after the two countries allied, the war started and Germany clearly became the senior partner, Germany forced Italy to also accept anti-semitism.

He is Benito Mussolini. He led Italy from 1922 to 1943. He founded the first fascist political group and later allied his country with Germany in WWII.

Movement behind Benito Mussolini was called Fascism. Due to several factors, most notably the Great Depression and general dissatisfaction of the Italian people after the First World War, and by telling the people what they wanted to hear, he was able to gain control of the country.

Social stratification

frequent elections

Il Duce: Benito Mussolini