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Nerves

Nerves are thread-like structures that form a network of pathways that transmit information from the brain to the body and the body to the brain, in the form of electrical impulses.

1,605 Questions

What is the Nerve supply of the hard palate?

The six Anterior teeth and the the muco-periosteum covering the anterior third of the hard palate are supplied by the Nasopalatine nerve, while the posterior two thirds along with the remaining posterior teeth are supplied by the Greater palatine nerve,,

What are afferent and efferent neurons and inter neurons?

These neurons are classified by the direction in which they send their messages. Afferent neurons are typically sensory neurons--neurons which send information to the brain and spine. They send information about the body and immediate environment. Efferent neurons are typically motor neurons, sending information from the brain and spine to the rest of the body. They allow the main control system a way to act on the body. Another way to distinguish these two is to think of afferent nerves as 'approaching' the brain (A) and efferent nerves as 'exiting' the brain (E). Interneurons are relay neurons and their signals, connecting efferent and afferent neurons in network. They can link up the same types or different types of neurons, meaning connecting sensory neurons together, motor neurons together, or the different types together. The simplest example of these three types working in unison is a reflex arc (which is what is activated when you hurt yourself, like stepping on a pin or burning your hand). The sensory/afferent neuron detects pain and signals the interneuron. Simultaneously, the interneuron sends a signal to your efferent/motor neurons to retract your hand/leg/whatever, while also sending a message to the brain. This is why you pull back before you feel pain :).

Why are there no nerve endings in articular cartilage?

There are no nociceptive receptors within any of the types of cartilage, but only in adjoining/surrounding perichondrium where such exists.

Which part of the neuron receives signal from other cells and is also the main metabolic region of the neuron?

The SOMA (the body of the neuron) is the main metabolic region of the neuron, and can SOMETIMES receive signals from other neurons, but the DENDRITE is usually the neuronal structure which receives signals, often at tiny protuberances from the dendrite called dendritic spines, although some connections (synapses) can sometimes be on the axon (the output structure).

Read more: Which_part_of_the_neuron_receives_signals_from_other_cells_and_is_also_the_main_metabolic_region_of_the_neuron

How is information communicated at the synapse?

Don't you hate it when there isn't an answer to your question on here? Glad I could help. <3

What are the parts and functions of a neuron?

A cell that supports the functions of the nervous system by reacting to stimuli and transmitting nerve impulses. A neuron, or nerve cell, is highly specialized and amitotic. The term "amitotic" means that if a neuron is destroyed it cannot be replaced, because neurons do not undergo mitosis.

Each neuron consists of three basic parts: a cell body (soma) that contains the nucleus; one or more dendrites, which are short branches off the body that receive incoming impulses; and a single, long axon that carries impulses away from the body and to the next neuron. Nerves consist of bundles of neurons.

Cell body

In many ways, the cell body is similar to other types of cells. It has a nucleus with at least one nucleolus and contains many of the typical cytoplasmic organelles. It lacks centrioles, however. Because centrioles function in cell division, the fact that neurons lack these organelles is consistent with the amitotic nature of the cell.

Dendrites

Dendrites and axons are cytoplasmic extensions, or processes, which project from the cell body. They are sometimes referred to as fibers. Dendrites are usually, but not always, short and branching, which increases their surface area to receive signals from other neurons. The number of dendrites on a neuron varies. They are called afferent processes because they transmit impulses to the neuron cell body. There is only one axon that projects from each cell body. It is usually elongated and because it carries impulses away from the cell body, it is called an efferent process.

Axon

An axon may have infrequent branches called axon collaterals. Axons and axon collaterals terminate in many short branches or telodendria. The distal ends of the telodendria are slightly enlarged to form synaptic bulbs. Many axons are surrounded by a segmented, white, fatty substance called myelin or the myelin sheath. Myelinated fibers make up the white matter in the central nervous system (CNS), while cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers make the gray matter. The unmyelinated regions between the myelin segments are called the nodes of Ranvier.

In the peripheral nervous system, the myelin is produced by Schwann cells. The cytoplasm, nucleus, and outer cell membrane of the Schwann cell form a tight covering around the myelin and around the axon itself at the nodes of Ranvier. This covering is the neurilemma, which plays an important role in the regeneration of nerve fibers. In the central nervous system (CNS), oligodendrocytes produce myelin, but there is no neurilemma, which is why fibers within the CNS do not regenerate.

Functionally, neurons are classified as afferent, efferent, or interneurons (association neurons) according to the direction in which they transmit impulses relative to the central nervous system. Afferent, or sensory, neurons carry impulses from peripheral sense receptors to the CNS (see sensory nerve). They usually have long dendrites and relatively short axons. Efferent, or motor, neurons transmit impulses from the CNS to effector organs such as muscles and glands (see motor neuron). Efferent neurons usually have short dendrites and long axons. Interneurons, or association neurons, are located entirely within the CNS in which they form the connecting link between the afferent and efferent neurons. They have short dendrites and may have either a short or long axon.

Glial cells

Although the nervous system is very complex, there are only two main types of cells in nerve tissue. The actual nerve cell is the neuron. It is the "conducting" cell that transmits impulses and the structural unit of the nervous system. The other type of cell is the glial cell, or neuroglia. The word "neuroglia" means "nerve glue." Neuroglia cells do not conduct nerve impulses, but instead, they support, nourish, and protect the neurons. They are a special type of connective tissue for the nervous system. Glial cells are far more numerous than neurons and, unlike neurons, are capable of mitosis.

How does a neuron sends messages to a cell?

I think the brain makes a shock and goes down to your spinal cord and goes to the cell

Does mustard gas attack the nervous system?

yes, it attack the central nervous system and it also causes red bumps that will quickly turn to blisters.

Where does the nociceptor transmit its message of pain to?

The nociceptor transmits its signal to nerve cells within the spinal cord, which conveys the pain message to the thalamus, a specific region in the brain.

How can you be exposed to nerve agents?

Both military nerve gases and organophosphate insecticides are nerve agents.

It is highly unlikely you will be exposed to military nerve gases, unless you were near the front lines during a war in which they were used or you were trying to help treat wounded soldiers that had been exposed to them.

Every time you use an organophosphate insecticide to kill pests you expose yourself too.

What is a corporation explained in layman's terms?

A business that is recognized by a state and is given certain rights? -apex (:

In infancy what is reflexive behavior and 3 three reasons why it is important?

Reflexsive behavior in infants is not too unlike instinct in an animal. Reflxsive behavior could include grasping, sucking, andleg flailing (walking) THese are the servival skills every healthy baby is born with. Grasping, in order keep from falling, stay close to the mom..., sucking, to drink from the mom immediatley to keep from starving, since it cannot yet utilize solid foods, and walking. I do not know whatwalking does for the baby, other than for practice later on, because, even if the baby had the coodenation to walk, phisacally, it's back would not be able to support the body. These skills aremanditory for immediate servival.

Can you make a person pass out by rubbing their neck?

Unless you cut off bloodflow to the person's brain, no. Doing that just by rubbing the person's neck would be quite a feat.

Can using a computer irritate the optic nerve?

No.

While prolonged use of a computer is associated with eye strain, the irritation normally occurs as a result of muscle fatigue (tiring of the small orbital muscles which articulate the eye, and the ciliary muscles which govern focus by altering the shape of the eye's lens). Unlike when viewing television or a cinema screen, use of a computer entails proximity to the visual device, and the need to focus intently upon parts of it (in order to read, for instance). Just like reading a book, long periods of intent staring can tire the eyes. While using a computer, we also tend to blink less often which can lead to dehydration and irritation of the eye's surface; blinking serves the function of cleaning and moistening.

The eye itself may be irritated, but the optic nerve is not physically influenced by this.

Why would a chicken be able to walk if there was some damage to the nerve in the foot?

The chicken would be able to walk with nerve damage in their foot, because it still has use of the rest of its leg. It is likely that there would be some impairment.