Political Theory

Goverments were needed to conquer better farmlands

One of the basic or central aspects of a democratic society is the assumption that citizens, by and large, are the better judges of their own interests whenever they have free access to information that concerns themselves. This takes into consideration of using common sense with personal decisions and the common sense of not injuring others. With this access, information and common sense, citizens elect reasonable people to public office and hold them accountable for their actions while in public office.

A springform pan has a flat bottom that is surrounded by a metal collar that has a spring clasp that fastens the sides around the bottom. The batter or pastry is poured into (or set down into) the pan. Once the cake or cheese cake or torte is baked and slightly cooled, loosen the edges with a flat knife and then unclasp the spring to remove the collar. This leave the pastry or cake sides free without having to invert the cake onto another plate bottom. In this way delicate cakes or heavy pastry can be baked without breaking by unmolding.

No, because Mark Golding's parents are both English but Bruce Golding's parents are strictly Jamaicans.

Yes, a dual system of state and federal courts exist today. They generally serve different purposes. The state courts are restricted to state issues. The federal courts generally deal with federal matters but can deal with state issues in matters such a law suit or civil rights issue when one of the parties is from out of state. On some issues, it also serves as a court of appeals for state courts.

Definition of Islamism
It is important to note first that Islam is a religion, but Islamism (often called Political Islam) is something else. It is a political ideology whose goal is to bring the religious tenets of Islam into the daily functioning of a government and its laws. Islamism is a modern movement whose roots began contemporaneously with the rise of Salafism in the late 1800s and early 1900s in Egypt. Islamism is not by nature violent or expansive. Many Islamist movements have concrete nationalistic goals such as the Islamists in power in Turkey.

Meat of the Question
No. They are not all identical. As a result of the doctrinal disputes among Islamists, they divide along two main lines, whether their ambitions are national/international and whether their method of political ascendance is democratic/militaristic. They also vary along a spectrum of how stringently they wish to implement Islamic Law.

National / International Divide
This is a rather simple divide to explain. There are a number of Islamist groups and organizations that specifically target the government of one country and there are a number of other Islamist groups and organizations that target numerous different governments with a singular aim. The former are usually political parties or Islamist groups that have held power at a point of time in the country's history. The latter category are often seeking some kind of Islamic Caliphate, either that controls a significant percentage or all of the Islamic World or the entire planet.

Democratic / Militaristic Divide
A "Democratic" group believes in using any means to advocate for Islamism without resorting to violence. The most obvious way to do this is by fielding political parties with Islamist candidates. However, in addition to elections there are numerous other ways to influence society to embrace Islamism or aspects of it such as: lobbying, peaceful protests, information outreach to other communities, welfare projects, societal organizations, television/radio/Internet programming, using social media, and live debates. The "Militaristic" group is commonly defined by an ideology called Jihadism since these groups believe that only through a Lesser Jihad (Islamic Holy War) can an Islamist State be brought into existence. Whether or not the violence perpetrated by these groups conforms to Lesser Jihad as determined by Islamic Jurisprudence is hotly debated by both Muslims and Non-Muslims, but the "Militaristic" groups support the view that these wars are a form a Lesser Jihad across the board.

Some Examples

National Democratic: There are a number of localized political parties that have national Islamist agendas and who exclusively use elections and other non-violent means to attain power. Among these are the AKP in Turkey, the an-Nahda Party in Tunisia, and the an-Nur Party in Egypt. Some of these parties, like AKP and an-Nahda have a moderate view of the Shari'a (Islamic Law) and therefore are less stringent in what they would like to see implemented from the Shari'a. Others like the an-Nur Party are very stringent.

International Democratic: There are several international organizations with the goal of Islamism that export it without necessarily involving violence. Probably the most prominent of these is the Muslim Brotherhood. While the Brotherhood has embraced violence in certain places, most notably in Palestine where the local Brotherhood chapter is the Hamas Paramilitary/Terrorist group, it is generally committed to peaceful protests in numerous countries where it is active. Another such group is Hizb at-Tahrir. Both parties have the goal to implement Islamism worldwide.

National Miitaristic: There are quite a number of Jihadist groups with particular local goals. The Taliban in Afghanistan wish to rule exclusively over Afghanistan and Pashtun-majority parts of Pakistan. They have no ambition to conquer any neighboring territory or export their ideals outside of this region. Another similar group was the Azawadi Jihadists (especially Ansar ad-Din) which have a goal of conquering only the majority Touareg areas in Mali.

International Militatistic: These are the most infamous Islamist groups and Jihadist organizations. They all have a dream of a worldwide Islamic Caliphate and include such members as al-Qaeda, ISIL (Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant), al-Shabaab in Somalia, and Hezbollah (in certain aspects). Because their ideology has such providential significance to them, every International Militaristic group has a very stringent view of Islamic Law that they wish to implement.

monarchy

Conservatives and liberals are on the opposite ends of the political spectrum.

Generally, conservatives believe in small amounts of government intervention - i.e., no government controlled businesses, a true free-market system, etc.

Liberals, quite easily, are typically the opposite. A liberal will usually believe that some government intervention is unavoidable or necessary, such as social security, the recent aiding of financially unstable banks, and the even more recent public healthcare bill.

There are many things you can do to try to prevent cancer. Eating the best foods, healthy foods, exercising and taking vitamins are just a few ways you can do this.

The law provides boundaries which guide and enforce uniform standards of behaviour so the the state can function rationally and to the common good.

Formative democracy in Athens collapsed when the popular assembly made all decisions at assemblies on a fortnightly basis, and the people were led astray ot these assemblies by self-interested orators.

The law - constitutions, public law, civil law and customary law all provide boundaries within which society must live and operate, providing boundaries for individual and collective behaviour. This establishes minimum standards of individual behaviour and the protections to others inherent in them, and directs the actions of public representatives and officials so that social and political activities operate fairly and effectively.

Roman politician Cicero over two thousand years ago defined a civilised State as being when a sufficient number of people come together and cede limitations on their personal freedom of action to the State in order to generate the benefits arising from this.

This sets the scene - the rule of law is part of a mutual compact to establish a properly functioning society; the other part of democracy is that people paricipate in and direct governance within those laws.

popular sovereignty, separation of powers, republicasnism, limited government, federalism, checks and balances, and individual rights.

There are 15 countries considered as democracies. Cuba is not one of them. While the people are very evident on matters, the country still remains somewhat of a dictatorship.

Minority opinions can be heard.

No, just World Wars I, and II.

The Framers knew the direct and pure form of democracy and they feared that the emotional decisions taken by the populace; which is called unrestricted Majority Rule; may violate the individual rights. Therefore they chose the republic form of government in which the people choose individuals to represent them and transform their will into rational and reasonable decisions. after many amendment in the US constitution the government became a democratic republic.. or what we can call "representative or liberal democracy".
A republic as opposed to a pure democracy

Hungary and Czechoslovakia

The four pillars of democracy actually are freedoms, representation, equity, and justice for Canada.

A 17th century European king would most likely support the divine right theory.

How do republicanism and democracy see virtue?

Both political science as well as political philosophy has a great impact on the life of people in our country. While political science is concerned with the empirical usage of politics, political philosophy is the analysis of topics like material goods, justice, and emancipation in addition to law and civilian rights.

Political science is a vast field that encompasses other subjects like public policy, sociology, international relations and economics.

Other topics like national politics, political theory, comparative politics, history, psychology and law are also included in political science.

Political science is a social science concerned with the theory and practice of politics and the description and analysis of political systems and political behavior. It is often described as the study of politics defined as "who gets what, when and how".

Adolf Hitler is an example of the force theory

According to the Greek Philosipher Plato: A democracy, can not survive without an enemy.

A dictatorship is when a country is ruled by one person who holds all the power and answers to no one.

I will assume that you are talking about the People's Republic of China (PRC).

Historical Reason:

That is because in the past, when China is democratic under the Nationalist Kuomintang rule, the government is oppressive and corrupt. Officials often pocket funding used for public works or the military for themselves. The country is still suffering from the aftereffects of WWII. There is tremendous public discontent and dissent. The Economy and agricultural sector are in a mess. There is in-fighting amongst various generals and government officials. The government also conduct public executions of all those who opposed their rule or are rumoured to support communism.

Modern Reason:

China is rising to become a great and strong country, after decades of exploitation by the West and Japan. It has shitloads of problems (Pollution, Economic bubbles, Corruption, overpopulation and Separatism etc.) but if it can overcome these problems, I can see that it can even exceed America in development and power.

Its economy is currently at the "cheap mass production stage", which Japan and America have undergone in the past. It should not be democratic at its current state. If it undertakes full democratic reform, there's a chance that it could collapse much like the former Soviet Union, leading to chaos and turmoil in the China itself and the world at large.

Like it or not, the Socialist Chinese government (They are not communists) is the only one that is holding the mega diverse country together. This is why the many China Chinese accept their regime as they want their country to become stronger. Even if democracy does succeed, China has a population over 1 Billion (around 5X the population of the United States). Like in the Late Soviet Union and modern-day India, there is a huge chance that the problem of corruption could worsen and the country will be divided and weak. If a many party-system like Weimar Germany were to pop up, the government will be indecisive and even more divided than before.

Democracy is also not a flawless system. Democratic leaders are often more concerned about their own party's reign and survival than for the good of their country. They may also not make the right decisions for their land and are mostly populists. They will not be able to make the tough(Unpopular) decisions for their country, as they want to keep their voters' votes.

This is why China are resistant to further and more extensive democratic reforms. The communists want to keep their hold on power and some conservatives still think that Communism is still the best form of government (They are kinda stuck in the past).

Despite all this, China is slowly and slowly becoming more democratic. Economic and social controls have been greatly relaxed in China since the 1970s. Scholars and government officials alike recognize the weakening grasp of the People's Republic of China on power. It is becoming more and more clear that drastic political changes are in China's future. China has already started experimenting with democracy in some of its towns and provinces. Some people propose that Confucianism is more suitable for China and provide some rather convincing arguments.

Generally, to many Chinese, Western democracy is too weak and disunited for China. A strong central authority is needed to head the large nation, which means a different system in its entirety. This is why China will never adopt a Western-style democracy.

Democrats For Mit Romney, but be skeptical.

The address listed for DFMRF LLC is the same for Highway 61 Entertainment;

365 E. Avenida de Los Arboles, Suite 1000, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360

This group does not list executives or financial data, but is directed by Joel Gilbert. His views more than lean toward radical conspiracy theories, and can be found at familysecuritymatters.org and on The Jerry Doyle Show.

Recent mass mailings of his anti-Obama DVD to 2012 presidential election swingstates has drawn questions of funding. Millions of dollars would be required to pay for postage alone. This only a few days after the chairman of the Alabama Republican (GOP) Party promoted Gilbert's production.