0
Reformation History
The history of The Reformation started when Western European Catholics opposed what they believed to be false doctrines and ecclesiastic malpractice within the Catholic Church. The movement’s famous leaders include Martin Luther and John Calvin.
1,691 Questions
Calvin's Consistory did everything except what?
Calvin's Consistory in Geneva was responsible for overseeing moral and religious conduct, but it did not have the power to administer physical punishment or carry out executions. That authority rested with the civil government.
How did the distribution of power in medieval England differ from that of medieval France?
France did not develop an institution that could limit the power of the king.
How did john Calvin's protestant teachings spread?
His teachings spread chiefly through two means. First, he maintained a school for Protestant leaders in Geneva, Switzerland, and those who attended his school naturally spread his teachings when they returned to their original congregations. (One such person was John Knox, who brought Presbyterianism to Scotland and it spread from Scotland to the United States).
Another major avenue was Calvin's extensive writings on church doctrine such as his "Institutes of the Christian Religion".
What did Martin Luther witness in Rome that upset him?
The selling of indulgences- forgiveness, sometimes in advance, for sin. He saw that the church was becoming rich by selling the masses the right to sin. This also, invariably, meant that the rich could sin as much as they wanted and still be considered saints, but the poor who sinned once, but couldn't afford to pay for papal forgiveness were going to hell. Because they could be bought in advance of sin, business men would pay for them and then go on a long business journey and enjoy a prostitute or two. As a matter of clarification (and this is not a vindication of the practice) I believe the selling of indulgences only shortened one's appointed time in purgatory, where the faithful went who did NOT die with the stain of mortal sin on their souls. No amount of purchased indulgence would free one from hell. The link suggests that indulgences were applicable to the temporal punishment do to an individual for sins that have already been confessed.
In the year 1510 Luther together with another monk of the Augustinian order at Erfurt went to Rome to see the Pope regarding a matter that required settlement. Apart from this matter and the regular disciplines required of him Luther had an amount of time at his disposal.
'Disillusionments of various sorts set in at once. ...On making his general confession he was dismayed by the incompetence of the confessor. The abysmal ignorance, frivolity, and levity of the Italian priests stupefied him. They could rattle through six or seven masses while he was saying one. And when he was only at the Gospel, they had finished and would say to him "Passa! Passa!" - "Get a move on!" ....Some of the Italian clergy however were flippantly unbelieving and would address the sacrament saying "Bread thou art and bread thou wilt remain." To a devout believer from the unsophisticated Northland such disclosures were truly shocking.
'By a like token the stories that came to Luther's ears of the immorality of the Roman clergy should not logically have undermined his faith...At the same time he was horrified to hear that if there were a hell Rome was built over it. He need not have been a scandalmonger to know that the district of ill fame was frequented by ecclesiastics. He heard there were those who considered themselves virtuous because they confined themselves to women. The unsavory memory of Pope Alexander VI was still a stench. Catholic historians recognize candidly the scandal of the Renaissance popes, and the Catholic Reformation was as greatly concerned as the Protestant about such abuses.'
According to the historian Roland H Bainton from whose work 'Here I Stand' the above quotations are made Luther only had doubts at this time and he did not exclaim at the top of the stairs at St Peters up which he had ascended on his knees "The just shall live by faith". His spiritual journey had not reached that point. What he actually said expressed the doubt he had in his mind and soul "Who knows whether it is so."
The question of indulgences only came in to focus through the preaching of Tetzel in 1517 of indulgences for the building project of St Peters in Rome. This of course led to the nailing up of the 95 Theses against Indulgences on October 31st 1517.
When did the 95 theses posting start?
In 1517, but there is question as to whether it was actually posted or not. whether they were posted or not doesn't matter however because Luther did send them to multiple churches and Priests.
What was Martin Luther's list of complaints?
.
Catholic AnswerThey were titled the 95 Theses. You may read them at the link below:Greek
What kind of religion did Martin Luther want instead of the Catholic Church?
The kind of religion that Martin Luther wanted instead of the Catholic Church was a more charismatic religion. This is what prompted the formation of the protestant movement.
It helped by trading with the other countries and the travelers finding more land lead to finding the new world.
What is the relationship between elizabeth 1 and the reformation?
Anglican Catholic Answer?
Elizabeth was a Catholic, not a Roman one but an Anglican! She wanted to take her religion back to the state it was in in the latter years of her father and before the Calvinist excesses of her brother Edward.This couldn't be done because of the strength of the protestant party and the support it got from the nobility and gentry who were feared of losing the Monastic and church lands they'd gained! But the queen did what she could to protect her Church, refusing to allow the protestants too much lee way in their attacks on the Anglican Catholics. She told them that religion was not for the likes of them, but was for the Church and Bishops to decide.She abolished the monstrosity of the 2nd, prayer book and made token gestures in the 1559 book. It is thought that she preferred the First Prayer Book, which was the Sarum Mass, translated in to the vernacular! She was helped on her way by the murderous attempts on her life fostered by the papacy! IN parliament [1559] and in Convocation [1572] she allowed the Anglican catholics to affirm the Church's beliefs in the Seven Ecumenical Councils and Holy Tradition, thus placing the Church on the front line of the Catholic Belief of the First Thousand years!
The act of supermacy in England laid the foundation to what church?
Couldn't be the Anglican Church because that Church had been here since just after the death of The Emperor Tiberius!
It was first called Anglican in the 8th, Century and again in 1215 at Runnymede!
The Act of Supremacy was an instrument to ensure the Clergy recognised the place of the Monarchy in the England of the early 16th, Century! [ O.Wakeman* ] Henry was engaged in a somewhat personal feud with the Bishop of Rome and he was taking no chances with the clergy! He proceeded against them by law .They were found guilty, as indeed technically they were and bought the due penalty of Death off, by a huge subsidy to Henry of £100.000 pounds. An enormous sum in those days! They also took out an insurance policy by agreeing "Acknowledge His Majesty to be the singular protector, only and supreme lord and as far as the Law of Christ will allow, supreme head of the English Church and Clergy".
This Law laid no foundation as far as I can see, it certainly made very little difference to the Church, certainly in real terms. The monarch was head, or chief magistrate in England and was responsible for processing the law! This act only confirmed the place of the Church and King together on the statute books.
*History of the Church of England!
How did the reformation develop following luthers break with the church?
Dr. Martin Luther was excommunicated by the papacy. He never left "broke" from Catholicism of his own freewill.
The Protestant and Reformed congregations of the Catholic Church were focused on the papacy's refutation of conciliarism in 1517. The Council of Trent further escalated the issue by issuing Primacy of the Pope, which replaced the Catholic Council of Bishops, who were formerly the highest authorities over dogma and doctrine.
The Catholic Revival, Evangelical Protestant, and Reformed congregations all competed over Pope Augustine of Hippo's theological writings and understanding of his opinions.
