Social Sciences

Choosing to do the right thing or the wrong thing.

Some of the main problems that people face in life originate from insecurity and fear. As a result these people allow stronger and more aggressive or cunning individuals to take advantage of their weakness and manipulate them by the skillful use of fear tactics.

The other more significant problem is due to the fact that most people are searching for fulfillment in life but don't know how to find it, where to find it and what "IT" actually is.

A person, who cannot find contentment, cannot find peace. A person, who cannot find peace, cannot find fulfillment. Prosperity, Power and Popularity are not the solutions to human suffering, because you may have them all and still feel incomplete. There are many prosperous, powerful and popular individuals who need mind altering drugs and other freaky activities to keep them excited.

the main advantages of using observation as a method of data collection include the following

• it is a fast method of collection of data as information obtained can be readily available
• it is cheap compared to other forms of data collection as only observation and recording is done
• first hand information is obtained as the observer does not relay on someone else to provide the feedback.
• data collected can be very accurate as the observer usually gathers the information that he or she desires
• observation method of collection of data saves time as it does not require details or questioning which may result to time wastage.

Using tools has been interpreted as a sign of intelligence, and it has been theorized that tool use may have stimulated certain aspects of human evolution-most notably the continued expansion of the human brain. Paleontology has yet to explain the expansion of this organ over millions of years despite being extremely demanding in terms of energy consumption. The brain of a modern human consumes about 20 Watts (400 kilocalories per day), which is one fifth of the energy consumption of a human body. Increased tool use would allow for hunting and consuming meat, which is more energy-rich than plants. Researchers have suggested that early hominids were thus under evolutionary pressure to increase their capacity to create and use tools.

Precisely when early humans started to use tools is difficult to determine, because the more primitive these tools are (for example, sharp-edged stones) the more difficult it is to decide whether they are natural objects or human artifacts. There is some evidence that the australopithecines (4 mya) may have used broken bones as tools, but this is debated.

It should be noted that many species make and use tools, but it is the human species that dominates the areas of making and using more complex tools. A good question is, what species made and used the first tools? The oldest known tools are the "Oldowan stone tools" from Ethiopia. It was discovered that these tools are from 2.5 to 2.6 million years old, which predates the earliest known "Homo" species. There is no known evidence that any "Homo" specimens appeared by 2.5 million years ago. A Homo fossil was found near some Oldowan tools, and its age was noted at 2.3 million years old, suggesting that maybe the Homo species did indeed create and use these tools. It is surely possible, but not solid evidence. Bernard Wood noted that "Paranthropus" coexisted with the early Homo species in the area of the "Oldowan Industrial Complex" over roughly the same span of time. Although there is no direct evidence that points to Paranthropus as the tool makers, their anatomy lends to indirect evidence of their capabilities in this area. Most paleoanthropologists agree that the early "Homo" species were indeed responsible for most of the Oldowan tools found. They argue that when most of the Oldowan tools were found in association with human fossils, Homo was always present, but Paranthropus was not.

In 1994, Randall Susman used the anatomy of opposable thumbs as the basis for his argument that both the Homo and Paranthropus species were toolmakers. He compared bones and muscles of human and chimpanzee thumbs, finding that humans have 3 muscles that chimps lack. Humans also have thicker metacarpals with broader heads, making the human hand more successful at precision grasping than the chimpanzee hand. Susman defended that modern anatomy of the human thumb is an evolutionary response to the requirements associated with making and handling tools and that both species were indeed toolmakers.

Stone tools:
Stone tools are first attested around 2.6 million years ago, when H. habilis in Eastern Africa used so-called pebble tools, choppers made out of round pebbles that had been split by simple strikes. This marks the beginning of the Paleolithic, or Old Stone Age; its end is taken to be the end of the last Ice Age, around 10,000 years ago. The Paleolithic is subdivided into the Lower Paleolithic (Early Stone Age, ending around 350,000-300,000 years ago), the Middle Paleolithic (Middle Stone Age, until 50,000-30,000 years ago), and the Upper Paleolithic.

The period from 700,000-300,000 years ago is also known as the Acheulean, when H. ergaster (or erectus) made large stone hand-axes out of flint and quartzite, at first quite rough (Early Acheulian), later "retouched" by additional, more subtle strikes at the sides of the flakes. After 350,000 BP (Before Present) the more refined so-called Levallois technique was developed. It consisted of a series of consecutive strikes, by which scrapers, slicers ("racloirs"), needles, and flattened needles were made. Finally, after about 50,000 BP, ever more refined and specialized flint tools were made by the Neanderthals and the immigrant Cro-Magnons (knives, blades, skimmers). In this period they also started to make tools out of bone

hope it will help u all guys

(deep gandhi)

Answer:

Yes, all of them.

Answer:

Science makes no claim to have all the answers all of the time. However the processes of science and the scientific method are the only demonstrated methods to get to the answers. The advantage of these methods is that, if science doesn't have the answers now, it is working on them and will have them someday.

Sound (a sound wave) is mechanical energy. The source of the energy, whatever it may be, will transfer mechanical energy into the medium through which it will travel to give rise to sound. It's just that simple. The wave associated with the movement of the mechanical energy of sound is a longitudinal wave. The medium is moved back and forth along the path of travel of the wave. Let's look at an example to try and make things clearer.

Picture a speaker cone. The cone moves out and in to create sound waves. When it moves out, it compresses the air in front of it. This compression wave is a volume of "denser air" in the front of the speaker that moves out away from the cone. As the cone comes back in, it creates a volume of "less dense air" behind it called a rarefaction wave. This rarefied air wave will move out away from in front the speaker in the same way the compression air wave did. In this way, the mechanical energy of sound is transfered into the air to create alternating waves of compression and rarefaction. And it is by the mechanism of those waves (sometimes called vibrations) that sound moves through air.

Sound also moves through liquids and solids by the same mechanism, but the material of the medium cannot move as dramatically as air can. That means that the waves do not create great changes in the density of the liquid and the solid to transfer the mechanical energy into the medium. Additionally, the sound moves faster in those more dense media. Any mechanical energy that can be put into air can be put into any liquid or solid, and the energy moves in the same way.