Microprocessors

Different cars use different microprocessors, and as cars get more sophisticated, they have more types of microprocessors. The original Prius had more computing power in it than was used, in space and on Earth combined, for the first mission to put people on the moon, I am told. That car had multiple computers for multiple jobs, and they did not all use the same processor.

False, new motherboards often include a 4 or 8 pin cable to provide power exclusively for the processor.

Asymmetric multiprocessing - In asymmetric multiprocessing (ASMP), the operating system typically sets aside one or more processors for its exclusive use. The remainder of the processors run user applications. As a result, the single processor running the operating system can fall behind the processors running user applications. This forces the applications to wait while the operating system catches up, which reduces the overall throughput of the system. In the ASMP model, if the processor that fails is an operating system processor, the whole computer can go down.

Symmetric mMultiprocessing - Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) technology is used to get higher levels of performance. In symmetric multiprocessing, any processor can run any type of thread. The processors communicate with each other through shared memory.

SMP systems provide better load-balancing and fault tolerance. Because the operating system threads can run on any processor, the chance of hitting a CPU bottleneck is greatly reduced. All processors are allowed to run a mixture of application and operating system code. A processor failure in the SMP model only reduces the computing capacity of the system.

SMP systems are inherently more complex than ASMP systems. A tremendous amount of coordination must take place within the operating system to keep everything synchronized. For this reason, SMP systems are usually designed and written from the ground up.

A microprocessor is responsible for all the functions of a CPU. It acts like an artificial brain and is composed of a single integrated circuit.

the registers that are used during programming and are specified directly by the instructions.

A microprocessor incorporates most or all of the functions of a computer's central processing units on a single IC, or microchip. The first microprocessors emerged in the early 1970s and were used for electronic calculators using binary-coded decimal (BCD) arithmetic in 4-bit words. Other embedded uses of 4-bit and 8-bit microprocessors, such as terminals, printers, various kinds of automation etc., followed soon after. Affordable 8-bit microprocessors with 16-bit addressing also led to the first general-purpose microcomputers from the mid-1970s on.

There are many different advantages of a microprocessor based system. Some of these include that it only uses 3 components so it is simple to use and install and it will increase your memory.

The bit addressable memory in 8051 is compose from 210 bits:

- bit address space: 20H - 2FH bytes RAM = 00H - 7FH bits address;

- SFR registers;

The following addresses are NOT bit addressable, only 1-byte addressable:

- 32 bytes RAM from 00H to 1FH (R0 - R7 registers in all four banks);

- 80 bytes RAM general user from 30H to 7FH.

disadvantage: microcontrollers have got more comlex architecture than that of microprocessors so to understand it's functionality is quite difficult. advantage: microprocessors have got faster speed of execution than that of microprocessor.Also because of microcontroller embedded system got on the peak of it's development to make new electronc devices.

The IPC was originally known as the Institute for Printed Circuits, however later became to be known as the Association Connecting Electronics Industries. The IPC is a global trade association dedicated to furthering the competitive excellence and financial success of its members, who are participants in the electronics industry. The IPC has developed a standardized set of industry developed and recognized documents for use in the electronic manufacturing process.

A 32-bit processor has ans(a) (a) 32 registers (b) 32 I/O devices (c) 32 Mb of RAM

an array processor can handle multiple data elements simultaneously,in a parallel fashion, but a multiprocessor handle multiple processes simultaneously which may include more than one data element in each process...

An array procesor is optimized for array operations, has its own set of instructions, large memory block moves, logical operations on many array elements, etc and may itself be multi-processor or massively parallel. It has an interface where a host loads memory locations with the array to be processed (or perhaps a data file), then the array processor uses its specialized structure to do what was asked of it on the array, then tell the host is done and the result may be found in memory locations or perhaps a data file. Many of the jobs supercomputers do are array operations, the specialized capabilities can cost thousands of dollar per CPU second but they can do array operations that might take years for slower general purpose computers.

An array procesor can also be smaller, a graphics processor handling the video display is an array processor.

A typical operation is move the image to the right, move all the pixels to the right..

A general purpose computer may be multi-processor (Intel's multi-core).

biu stands for bus interface unit and eu stands for execution unit.

In 8086 microprocessor BIU fetches the instructions and places in the queue.

The Eu executes the fetched instruction and places the result in the registers

start: jmp main option1 db 0ah, 0dh, "1. OPTION 1 $" option2 db 0ah, 0dh, "2. OPTION 2 $" exit db 0ah, 0dh, "3. EXIT $" str1 db 0ah, 0dh, "Press Key: $" x db 0ah, 0dh, "You Pressed option 1 $" y db 0ah, 0dh, "You Pressed option 2 $" z db 0ah, 0dh, "End $" nvl db 0ah, 0dh, "Invalid Option $" one db "1" two db "2" tre db "3" main proc mov ah,09h lea dx,option1 int 21h lea dx,option2 int 21h lea dx,exit int 21h again: mov ah,09h lea dx,str1 int 21h mov ah,01 int 21h mov bl,al cmp bl,"1" je disp1 cmp bl,"2" je disp2 cmp bl,"3" je dispexit cmp al,one jne n cmp al,two jne n cmp al,tre jne n n: mov ah,09h lea dx,nvl int 21h jmp again disp1: mov ah,09h lea dx,x int 21h jmp again disp2: mov ah,09h lea dx,y int 21h jmp again dispexit: mov ah,09h lea dx,z int 21h int 20h main endp end start

what is the name of latest micro computer

• the microprocessor that does the work is about 1/2 inch square
• the package containing the microprocessor is about 1.5 inch square to 2 inch square.
• All the rest of the stuff to make the computer "usable" varies with application from the size of a cellphone to the size of a calculator to the size of a laptop to the size of a desktop.

Here's their link:

http://www.hsbc.com.ph/1/2/contactus

To judge a processor as "bad", you have to ignore their performance relative to the newest ones on the market. Processors improve all the time, so just because one is older, slower, and lacks as many features as newer ones does not make the older one necessarily bad, just obsolete:

The worst processor in terms of quality control was probably the earliest editions of the original Pentium processor. These processors contained two infamous bugs. One was the f00f bug, which was a faulty instruction that could easily cause the processor to crash under normal operation. The second is known as the FDIV bug, which caused significant (though statistically uncommon) errors in floating point calculations. Intel replaced these processors free of charge for the lifetime of the processor, and the flaw was quickly fixed.

All VIA C3 processors offered performance less than half of that of a Pentium III at the same clock rate. The VIA C3 was meant to compete on power efficiency and heat output, not performance, so this may not be an important failing.

Later models of the Pentium 4 had a performance equivalent of an AMD processor with 2/3 the clock rate. Basically, the Pentium 4 needed an extra GHz to match an AMD Athlon 64 in performance.

MOV D,reg means: move content of the specified register (or M=memory addressed with HL) into register D

IPC-A-610 is the most widely used electronics assembly standard (a document) in the world. A must for all quality assurance and assembly departments, IPC-A-610 E is the latest revision. It illustrates industry-accepted workmanship criteria for electronics assemblies through full-color photographs and illustrations.

biu stands for bus interface unit and eu stands for execution unit.

In 8086 microprocessor BIU fetches the instructions and places in the queue.

The Eu executes the fetched instruction and places the result in the registers

CPU

something's got to tell the processor what it needs to be doing at any moment in time. That's one of the jobs of an operating system