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Civil Engineering

Civil Engineering is a profession of designing and executing structural works that serve the general public, like houses, buildings, roads, etc. A Civil Engineer is an engineer trained in the design and construction of public works, such as bridges or dams, and other large facilities.

4,921 Questions

What are examples of dynamic loads?

A Person walking on a bridge, wind, cars on a bridge. Basically anything that doesn't stay on that structure forever.

The strength of Portland cement?

The strength of ordinary portland cement is available in three grades,

  1. 33 grade - If the 28 days strength is not less than 33 N/mm2
  2. 43 grade - If the 28 days strength is not less than 43 N/mm2
  3. 53 grade - If the 28 days strength is not less than 53 N/mm2

How many bridges in London?

According to the U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, there are approximately 600,000 bridges in the United States. The number worldwide must be significantly greater, though not proportionally as the U.S. is a richer nation and has more territory requiring more bridges than most. I'm aware this is not a complete answer, but the previous suggested answer was "400", and that is WAY off.

What is black steel pipe?

black carbon steel pipeSteel with a surface layer of dark coloured iron oxides used for low pressure hot water heating pipes. <<< Terrible answer

How about also adding steam, steam condensate, air, natual gas, oil 1, 2,3,5, and bunker C besides hydronics and HVAC systems such chilled water and who would leave out fire suppression piping Also DO NOT beliewve the lies the other poster wrote as Black Iron can be used on high presure steam (15# and above ) As even a helper or someone with very little knowledge would know that black steel comes in a variety of schedules (wall thicknesses) so 40 is standard up to 125 PSI then schedule 80 and schedule 120 so the thicker the wall the higher the pressure it can convey Ships use 1,500 PSI Superr heated piping ALL black steel

www.thepipefitting.com

Black steel pipes have the strength that can make it ideal for transporting water and gas in rural and urban areas and for conduits that protect electrical wiring and for delivering high pressure steam and air. The oil and petroleum industries use black steel pipe for moving large quantities of oil through remote areas. This is beneficial, since black steel pipes require very little maintenance. Other uses for black steel pipes include gas distribution inside and outside homes, water wells and sewage systems. Black steel pipes are never used for transporting potable water.

When was the first motorway M1 opened?

The first motorway opened in Britain was the M6 (M=Motorway). It was known as the Preston Bypass. It was opened in 1958.

When it was planned, the Preston Bypass was seen as the first piece of a large network. It was deemed a success and led to the construction of a second motorway, the M1, opened in 1959.

There was no speed limit and no crash barriers and hardly any traffic -- now that's what I call motoring!

The M6 is also Britain's longest motorway and Britain's busiest.

What was the first bridge ever made?

Bridges have been built since the stone age, it is impossible to say where or when the first one was built.

What are the satisfying aspects of civil engineering?

Whether you will find civil engineering depends on your values and your interests. If you like building things and seeing your designs constructed in real life, then civil engineering is loads of fun and intensely satisfying. If you have an interest in creating a better world for your fellow man by building clean water systems, environmentally-responsible wastewater systems, sustainable energy infrastructure, and so forth, then a civil career will be even more satisfying. If you care more about making lots of money and having an easy job, civil may not be the best career choice.

How many tons in a cubic yard of concrete?

O.K. I can help. Keep in mind that density,compaction, and h2o content are contributing factors. To stay on the safe side calculate all raw rock products as follows: 1 cubic yard=1.8 tons.

What is the tensile strength of marble?

Tensile Strength, Ultimate 7.00 - 20.0 MPa 1020 - 2900 psi

This is the strength in a pure tension test. For bending use:

Modulus of Rupture 0.00410 - 0.0276 GPa 0.595 - 4.00 ksi

source: http://www.matweb.com/search/DataSheet.aspx?MatID=211&ckck=1

How do you find the tensile strength of rocks?

the ASTM (american society for testing materials) website has some information on rocks and minerals

Why ceramics have low tensile strength?

Ceramics are generally hard and brittle because of the type of bonds that hold the atoms together in the material. Ceramics are made up of covalent, ionic, or both types of bonds.

Covalent bonds are directional, which means that they form bonds only in specific directions and in a sense are more ordered/selective. So when a force is applied, the bonds will try very hard to resist deformation. As a result of this, the material is usually tough (toughness being defined as the ability of a material to absorb energy without rupture), but brittle when that threshold is passed.

Although ionic bonds are nondirectional in nature (meaning they can form bonds in multiple directions) , we need to realize that we are dealing with charged particles that become unstable when they are placed under a force. You could almost think of it as bringing like charges closer together when a strong enough force is applied to the material, so that they repel each other.

Hope that helps some, I think someone might want to expand on directional/nondirectional nature of bonds...


(Another Solution)
Ceramics tend to be strong but brittle because of the ionic bonding present between the metal and non-metal components of the material. Ionic bonds are very strong and require a relatively large amount of energy to break. However, once enough energy is applied to break the bonds, they break completely, making the material brittle. Covalently bonded materials like polymers are far less brittle because the covalent bonds can stretch during plastic deformation.

The meaning of mpa in concrete?

Concrete strengths are customarily denominated in psi(pounds per square inch) in the imperial system and in MPa's(megapascals) in metric. These are units of pressure.

Difference between footing and foundation of a structure?

The footing lies on the ground around the base of the structure. The Foundation cn go way below with pilings deep into the ground.

I can say that the footing is the part of foundation which transfers the load directly to the soil and foundationis the part of structure below the plinth level including the footing while footing is the part which is below the ground level.

What is the unit weight of steel?

Steel is very strong. Our society is built of concrete and steel. The world as we know it would not exist without steel. Are there any military aircraft carriers that are not built of steel? But there are some lighter materials out there. What that means is that if you use aluminum to make, say, a seatpost for a bicycle, you'll have to make a thicker one out of aluminum to make it as strong as a steel one, but the aluminum one will be lighter while being as strong as the steel one. There are always trade offs when designing and engineering things and considering what metal to use.

Think about the bottom bracket on a bike with a 3-piece crank set. The axle is steel, or maybe titanium (same strength, but less weight - and more $'s!). Loads are so high here that this critical component is not made of aluminum 'cause it isn't tough enough to handle the stresses put on the part. And steel is the metal of choice for ball and roller bearings, particularly ones that take lots of abuse. Ceramics and carbide are harder, but they're more brittle, and can shatter under severe loading. It is most unusual to see bearings made out of something other than steel.

There are a couple of ways of measuring the strength of a metal, but the numbers don't make sense unless you compare one metal to another. Additionally, steel comes in many different alloy forms, and their characteristics will vary. Throw in the different techniques used to harden or otherwise heat treat the steel and you'll be here all day talking about how strong steel is. Yield strength and tensile strength of steel are, in general, pretty high, though. Steel is tough and strong.

How can the application of mathematics be used to solve engineering problems?

The role and application of engineering science is important based on inventing and creatinig new ideas. It is from these roles in engineering sciene , we develop and enhance answers to our problems. we do this such that experiments are carried out and prove whether or not our predictions were made accurately or inaccurately..

What kind of bridge is the Millennium Bridge?

There are two bridges in the UK that have millennium in the title!

  1. The Millennium Bridge in London is a gravity anchored suspension bridge for pedestrian use.
  2. The Millennium Bridge in Gateshead is a tilting arch bridge, again for pedestrian use.

Please see the related links for more information.

What is the full form of rcc?

RCC IS FAMOUS COMMONLY FOR CONSTRUCTION STANDS FOR

ROLLER COMPACTED CONCRETE

Some Constructor define RCC as

ROLLER COST CONSTRUCTION

RESIDENTIAL COMFORTABLE CONSTRUCTION

REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE

FOR SOCIAL WEBSITE STANDS FOR BELOW

Reinforced carbon-carbon

Radio Common Carrier, a service provider for public mobile service

Ringing choke converter, a switched-mode power supply

Recompression chamber, a chamber used to treat divers from

Remote Center Compliance, a device used in robotic assembly

Redcar Central railway station, England; National Rail station code RCC

RecentChangesCamp, an unconference focused on wikis

Region Connection Calculus, used for spatial-temporal reasoning

RAWALPINDI COLLEGE OF COMMERCE

ROGUE COMMUNITY COLLEGE

ROCKLAND COMMUNITY COLLEGE

ROCKINGHUM COMMUNITY COLLEGE

ROXBURY COMMUNITY COLLEGE

RANGONWALA COMMUNITY CENTER

RANDOLPH COMMUNITY COLLEGE

REVERSIDE COMMUNITY COLLEGE

RAPPAHANNOCK COMMUNITY COLLEGE

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Ramanujan Computing Center

Rape crisis center

Richmond Cricket Club, an Australian cricket club

Ringwood Cricket Club, an Australian cricket club

Rescue Coordination Center

River continuum concept

Red Carpet Club

What is bridge finance?

Often a borrower needs a bridge loan to facilitate the financing a property for a short period of time. A bridge loan is a specially designed form of financing that is used when a borrower is expecting to sell a property quickly or refinance it within the near future.

How was the Hoover Dam built?

Well constructors built the Hoover Dam with concrete and mixing stuff.

When was Hoover Dam built?

Construction of Hoover Dam began on April 20, 1931, the dam was completed on March 1, 1936.

What are the uses of steel rod reinforcement?

Concrete's best strength rating is in compression, as in equal force from either side. Its weakest rating is in its shear strength, as in force in different areas like snapping a pencil in your hands. To increase concretes shear strength, re-inforcing steel bar is used because of its high shear strength characteristics.