Computer Security Law

Just like a book or a movie, computer software can be owned. If you copy it without permission from the owner, you are violating their ownership rights and effectively stealing a copy of it.

If you mean copy a site that is copyrighted in one country and then use it as if it were your own but hosted in another country, then - YES - that is illegal. You have just violated the copyright within the country.

As an example: if you copy a book published in the UK and copyrighted there and then publish it and sell it in India, the UK can prosecute you - but only in the UK. Anyone selling the pirated book in the UK could be prosecuted. It might be difficult, however to get any prosecution in India unless they respect the UK copyright.

The situation with copyrighted material and content of a website. People can - and do - steal content and host it on servers in other countries. The most that can usually be done is to request that the host shut it down under threat of having their entire company added to blacklists of hosting services that are automatically blocked by responsible ISPs in most countries.

If you mean - is it illegal to copyright a website in one country but host it elsewhere, then - generally NO - the copyright applies to the website, not the host. To use the book analogy: if you copyright a book but use a publisher in another country to actually print it, the copyright is still valid. Nothing about copyright law says where you have to print it; it just says that no one else can copy the book and sell it without your permission within the area where it is under copyright.

The answer depends partly on what you mean by "loses".

If by "loses" you mean that they can't find your information then they might be in violation by failing to be able to provide it to you when requested - but then again, if they can't find it, then there may be difficulty proving that they are withholding information if you can't prove they actually have it (which, if they can't find it sort of leans towards demonstrating that they DON'T have it, even if the SHOULD)

If by "loses" you mean loses control of the information - for example because someone (unauthorized) intercepted the transmission or grabbed a fax, or hacked into the system, the Act probably doesn't cover that. It is designed to instruct agencies as to what they can intentionally do with the data they have and who they can intentionally disclose it to. In fact there are court cases that indicate that a plaintiff has the burden of demonstrating that a disclosure by the agency has occurred. One court stated that:

"As the district court noted, [appellant] cites 'no authority to suggest that the possibility that a record might be revealed to unauthorized readers by negligent or reckless transmission is sufficient to constitute a prohibited disclosure under the Act,' . . . nor have we found any authority so holding."

That sort of suggests that that particular act doesn't do anything to protect you if an agency allows someone to get your information because they are sloppy - just if they INTENTIONALLY give to someone they were not supposed to.

yaa it is a subject of 7th sem pune!

The legality of peer to peer programs depends on the laws of the country you are located in and the way the peer to peer program operates. A key issue is whether the peer to peer program encrypts traffic between the computers. In some nations using such encrypted connections is illegal because they want to be able to monitor all traffic and identify anyone who is not in compliance with their official policies, making fun of the leaders, opposing those in power, or engaging in activities that have been deemed illegal in their country.

Note that even if a peer to peer program is legal, it can become effectively illegal if used for illegal purposes such as sharing pirated files.

If you want to get your last connected IP you need to contact with your ISP service provider they deliver you your last connected IP

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It depends on how the computer was connected. If the machine was configured for DHCP, the registry key in the SYSTEM hive at SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Interfaces will contain the DHCP IP address that was assigned, the subnet masks, and the DHCP server's IP address.

In Oregon (as of 2016) the maximum penalty for a Class C Felony is 5 years / $125,000 fine.

If it is legal for schools to keep a cell phone for 9 weeks would depend upon what their code of conduct rules say. Most schools will not keep a phone for this long.

Generally using someone else's password to access a paid site is considered "theft of services" and is illegal

In general - yes. Some jurisdictions may actually not have any laws that cover such deeds, but most countries and jurisdictions have laws that get you in trouble if you access someone's personal account and modify it without their permission - even if it's just changing their picture. It doesn't matter if it is in gmail or MS Outlook - or some other account. It may not get you in as much trouble as compromising the confidentiality of their account by reading their emails, but you have still attacked the integrity of their account.

The answer depends on the the jurisdiction - and of course, the judge. Usually you must show the judge sufficient proof that the work email contains critical information relevant to your divorce. Although it is not the same as a search warrant, if you think in terms of what is required for a search warrant, you won't be that far off from what would be expected if you wanted to subpoena a spouse's work email. It may be simpler to approach the employer who actually owns the work email (in most jurisdictions employers own the email, not the employee).

That would be the User Representative.

Not much. You can pay a lawyer to contact them & request that you be removed but I'm not sure if anything can be done beyond that.

That depends a great deal on what you mean by "scamming". If you lie to someone, it depends on the nature of the lie. If you trick someone, it depends on what you trick them into doing. Some of the key questions are:

1) did you profit from scamming someone

2) did the victim of the scam suffer financial loss from the scam

They are called Archives and they are stored in USB Memory Sticks, tape systems,Writable CD's and DVD's.

That depends on where you are crossing the border. In general you would have to refer to the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). You can get more information from their website at the attached related link.

The answer depends on what aspect of computer law you want to "do". To actually practice law and litigate on legal matters involving computer usage, software copyrights and patents, etc. you need a law degree in the USA. I'm not sure what is required elsewhere like the UK or India or Japan or South Africa, etc.

To work in compliance you probably need a legal degree and/or a technical degree such as computer science with an computer security emphasis or computer network security or software engineering or computer forensics emphasis.

Many people who work in the field go for certifications rather than degrees. Certifications like CEH (Certified Ethical Hacker) or CISSP or Security+ or CISA or CISM or GSNA might be useful.

Type your answer here... computers are for both business and personal use. we use computers in almost eveyrhing that a human being can do now. we use them to be able to communicate. the whole world is computerized. but the difference between personal and professional use of a computer is what is important, and sometimes computer is just for fun or entertainment. others use it for business. the deal with a computer is it is different from a telephone or in person communication or regular mail, because no one has to read their email or receive it and with it being a machine nothing is perfect in communicating that way because noone can see facial expression or anyone of those things when somene is writing with communication on a computer and there is a lot of possiblities for errors or miscommunications to take place.

Probably the simplest way to differentiate between ethics and law is the consequences of violating them. If you are unethical, you might get sued but may not go to jail. There are typically no criminal penalties for not adhering to reasonable computer ethics codes. Computer law, on the other hand, usually carries criminal penalties if you violate them - including potential imprisonment, fines, and seizure of assets. Those violating computer laws may also be forbidden to possess or access computer systems as part of their penalties or parole conditions.

The laws governing posting private information (including emails) to a web site are pretty much the same as they would be for publishing them in a newspaper or in a book. If the email was sent to you, you _may_ be able to post it without permission from the person who sent it. If you got the information through dishonest or deceptive means - you can get in trouble for posting it. If there is an implied expectation of privacy, you cannot post it. If it was provided as part of an information request - like applying for a job - it can only be used for that purpose, and not re-posted. If it was provided in answer to an interview question - where the interview is expected to be published, then - yes - you can post it. If it was stated to be 'off the record' you probably cannot post it.

As a general rule of thumb - if the person who sent the email had no reason to expect the information to be made public, don't post it.

If you have reviewed your credit report and found some data to be inaccurate, the fastest way to resolve the errors is online. The address for the Experian web site is in the attached link.