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History of Judaism
The History of Judaism is the history of the Jewish people, their religion and culture, tracing back to the Biblical patriarchs Abraham, Isaac and Jacob of the 18th c. BCE. The earliest mention of Israel as a people was discovered in an inscription on the Merneptah Stele from the 1200s BCE.
1,396 Questions
Did Anti-Semitism in the Middle East exist before Zionism?
Yes. This is actually quite demonstrable.
Zionism as a philosophy did not even begin until the 1880s and Altneuland (Herzl's foundational book) was not published until 1902. However, we have Anti-Semitism in Ottoman Palestine prior to this. In 1517, when the Ottomans first invaded the region of Palestine, there were pogroms against the Jewish community there. In 1833, there was a war between the Ottomans and the Egyptian Khedivites over control of Ottoman Palestine. In the following year, Arabs in the cities of Safed and Hebron blamed the Jewish communities there for the outcome of that war (which was completely unjustified since Jews were banned from owning weapons or joining the military) and proceeded to massacre them. These massacres are known as the 1834 Safed Pogrom and the 1834 Hebron Massacre. In 1840, the murder of a Damascus Christian priest was falsely blamed on the Jews in the biggest blood libel since Jesus Christ. This resulted in violence against the Jewish community for nearly a year in uncoordinated outbursts. This is all aside from the fact that Jews were second-class citizens under the Muslims and had the requirement to identify themselves with yellow turbans, live only in certain areas, being barred from certain professions, etc.
What are Jews' effect on society?
I'll provide a few examples.
1) The Jews' monotheistic religious tradition shaped the Western beliefs about God.
2) The 7-day week, including a day of rest for every one.
3) The concept of morality was also the work of the Hebrews, including the dignity and value of a person. Under Israelite law, everyone had recourse to the courts. A child, widow, wife, etc., could initiate legal action against any citizen to redress perpetrated harm. Compare this to those societies in which only mature, land-owning males had rights.
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4) Parents are responsible for teaching children. Illiteracy among Israelites, in every generation, was rare.
5) Infants are to be protected and cared for, whether or not they turned out to be the gender you were hoping for.
6) Cruelty to animals is not acceptable.
7) Government is accountable to a higher authority. In other ancient societies, the monarch was all-powerful. Among the Israelites, however, the king was under the constant scrutiny of the Divinely-informed prophets, who didn't hesitate to castigate him publicly for any misstep in the sight of God. And, other than for the crime of rebellion, the king couldn't punish any citizen by his own decision. He was obligated by the Torah-procedures like everyone else.
8) A robber repays double to his victim, or works it off. Cutting off the hands of a robber is unacceptable.
9) It is the responsibility of the community to support the widow, the orphan, the poor, and the stranger passing through.
It is important to note that every one of the above was instituted among the Hebrews (a.k.a. the Israelites) thousand of years earlier than in other nations. Here's just one example: Aristotle, who was among the greatest of the Greeks, and Seneca, the famous Roman, both write that killing one's young babies is perfectly acceptable. Professor and former President of the American Historical Association, William L. Langer (in The History of Childhood): Children, being physically unable to resist aggression, were the victims of forces over which they had no control, and they were abused in almost unimaginable ways.
What was the Jewish military like in 31 AD?
There was no 'Jewish' military. Each of the princelings in Palestine (the Tetrarchs - eg Philip, Herod Antipas) maintained small armies.
What was the purpose of the persecution of the Jews?
In pre-Holocaust Nazi Germany it was to unite the people against a common enemy. By the time of the Holocaust it was simply to eliminate them from German society and from existing at all.
What is the oath that all IDF Armour Corps take atop the ruins of Massada?
Massada shall not fall again
How did Cyrus impact Jewish history?
He made a proclamation inviting the Jews to return to Israel (Judea) and rebuild Solomon's Temple under Ezra. This made the Second Temple Era possible.
What is a Jewish prayer mat called?
Jews don't pray on mats. (With the exception of the blessing of the Kohanim, during which the Kohanim stand on a mat.)
The religion which commonly prays on mats is Islam.
Are the Jewish people of Israel the new Nazis as their treatment of Arabs indicate?
No. It should be obvious that this kind of talk involves fooling around with the word 'Nazi'. It's rather like calling traffic wardens 'petty Hitlers' - and taking it seriously. Since long before the establishment of the state of Israel in 1948 the Palestinians (and many Arabs further afield) have refused to acknowledge Israel's right to exist at all. The Israelis are fighting against fanatical terrorists who deny Israel's right to exist. In the circumstances the conduct of the Israelis has been very moderate indeed. Joncey
I guess they mostly DID and still do, aim to live according to how they feel led according to their spiritual understanding.
Why was the Holocaust significant in the twentieth century?
It is significant because of the unspeakable crimes of genocide that were committed by the Nazis, and the fact that they were so cruel about it. Not to also mention that the holocaust was the most Horrendous documented genocide ever attempted, and unfortunately, was unnervingly successful. They killed off a little over 6 million Jews.
In viewing the history of the Jewish people, we can distinguish various epochs. These include the time of the Forefathers, the Judges, the Prophets, the Sages of the Mishna, the Gaonim of the Babylonian Yeshivot, and more. The end of an old epoch and beginning of a new one is invariably linked to a concept which states that earlier generations of our Sages tend to be on a higher spiritual level than the later ones (Talmud, Shabbat 112b). Once every three or four centuries, it becomes apparent to the greatest Torah-scholars that they, collectively, can no longer compare to the previous recent generations, and a new era has begun. The end of prophecy marked one such palpable transition. In addition, from Second-Temple times and onward, none of the Sages claimedprophecy, since they were honest people and they knew that what the Prophets had experienced was no longer happening.
Within a couple of decades after the last visitations of prophecy, the Sages convened a synod known as the Men of the Great Assembly, and they closed the canon of the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible). This was around 340 BCE.
Why are Jewish people so smart?
they are deep thinkers and ask many questions. furthermore, they did not give up until they get the answers, stubborn people that they are.
What are the three contributions of Jewish civilization to Western political thought?
1. Man's relationship with his leaders,
2. Man's relationship to the nation or state,
3. Man's relationship with his fellow man.
What was Lemberg like before the Holocaust?
Until 1939 Lemberg (Lviv) was a thriving centre of Judaism and Jewish culture.
What did ancient Hebrews need to do to please their God?
The ancient Hebrews needed to obey God in order to please him. They also needed to obey his laws.
What do Hamas and Zionist extremist groups do?
Hamas and Zionist extremist groups actively prevent peace and facilitate violence in furtherance of a one-state vision where the other group has minimal rights or presence. In the case of Hamas, Jews have no future or legitimacy in their vision of a unitary Palestine and will be to ethnically cleanse the Jews from Israel. In the case of Zionist Extremists like Kach Kahane Chai, Palestinian Muslims have minimal rights or must be repressed in a unitary Jewish State.
What is the meaning of surah al baqarah?
It is second chapter in Quran and is named Al-Baqarah. Al-Baqarah is an Arabic word that means 'the Cow'. The name came after the famous story of the cow that was ordered by God to be brought by the Jews, slaughtered, then prophet Moses (PBUH) hit a killed Jew by a part of it, then the Jew came to life and said by whom he was killed. It was one of God miracles performed by prophet Moses (PBUH).
Leonardo was not a Zionist, but he was a part of Priory of Sion, a secret- group (quasi-real) which was founded by Godfrey of Bouillon on Mount Zion in Jerusalem.
No. Not all Germans are Jews and not all Jews are German. But there are German Jews, as well as Jews with many other nationalities.
The zealots were Jews who believed what?
They were Jews who rebel agaisnt the roman empire, in the first century of judaism
